Mill quarry Hinterhör
The Hinterhör millstone quarry is a former quarry near Hinterhör , a district of the Markt Neubänen in the Upper Bavarian district of Rosenheim in Bavaria .
location
The quarry is located about 600 meters east of Altenbeuern . It is designated as a natural monument and a ground monument (D-1-8238-0188).
description
In the abandoned quarry, traces of the millstone mining can be seen. There were the reduction of hand of the Helvetic it applied different techniques. In a wide area it is used as bottom or bottom stones in the mills. The traces of processing of the round pieces are still clearly visible on the wall of the millstone quarry and present themselves as an impressive monument to the former millstone mining.
The coarse clastic Neubeurer mill sandstone is a mighty member of the black ore layers . As a light mill sandstone , it was mined until 1860. The quarry may be much older. Archaeological investigations of three water mills from around 100, 743 and 840 in Dasing showed millstone fragments made from Neubeurer mill sandstone. The rock layer, which is suitable for millstones, falls steeply to the south, which is why the quarrying wall overhangs strongly and was further hollowed out by the quarrying operation.
Even today, the quarry with its characteristic signs of mining is an impressive monument to the economic and technological history in the Neubeuren area.
Helvetic Zone
During the formation of the Alps in the Cretaceous and Tertiary periods, when the Eurasian and Adriatic plates collided, there was a strong narrowing of rock layers. In the process, packages of rock broke and were pushed over one another over a large area as tectonic covers . In Upper Bavaria these form the Bavarian High Alps in the limestone alpine zone . At their northern edge they are accompanied by other tectonic structural units, the flysch and the Helvetic zone , which are often not very clearly visible in the landscape . The deposits in the Neubeuren area belong to the Helvetikum zone, which only occurs in a very narrow strip in Upper Bavaria. It got its name from the Swiss Alps . As a tectonic unit, it becomes wider and higher to the west in the Allgäu and Vorarlberg and finally takes up a large area in Switzerland (Helvetia).
The main rocks of the Helveticum are limestone and marl stones , which are interrupted by sand and silt stones . They originated on the southern edge of the European continent in a shallow shelf sea .
Mill sandstone from Hinterhör
The confusing shed structure and the rapidly changing rock formation in a confined space make it difficult to reconstruct the exact deposition conditions. A shallow sea interspersed with islands is assumed to be the deposit area . Rivers flowed into this from the mainland, forming sand fans in some areas, while limestone formed next to it. The mill sandstone that occurs here is an example of such a local pouring of sand. Here in the quarry, it was mined for about three centuries. If you listen behind you, it reaches a unique thickness of 28 meters. In the neighboring Altenbeuren quarry, it is only eight meters thick, and in other outcrops it has been completely replaced by lime-rich rocks.
The mill sandstone is a gray, medium to coarse-grained sandstone made of well-rounded quartz and feldspar grains , which are cemented with a calcareous binder. When fresh, the stone turned out to be extremely tough and hard and was therefore very popular as a millstone.
The quarry was opened in 1572 and and millstones were mined there until 1860. In 1792, Mathias von Flurl described in his "Description of the Mountains of Baiern and the Upper Palatinate" the special technique that the workers used to dismantle the millstones by hand:
- The extraction of these is very laborious and dangerous for the local workers, and if a very simple means of blasting these stones did not render them splendid service, they would hardly be able to move the pieces large enough. For when they have broken a sufficiently deep scratch in the mountain with the iron, they drive wooden wedges into it and pour water on them until the swollen wood splits the rock with a terrible crash.
Before it was transported away, the stone was hewn and the axle hole provided. This was followed by the extremely laborious transport of the heavy stones to the Inn , where they were loaded onto plaques . The proximity to the river, on which the stones could be shipped and traded, enabled the Hinterhör millstone quarry to exist for almost 300 years.
Geotope
The quarry has been identified by the Bavarian State Office for the Environment (LfU) as a geoscientifically valuable geotope (geotope number: 187G001) and natural monument. It was also awarded the official seal of approval for Bavaria's most beautiful geotopes by the LfU .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Location of the geotope in the Bavaria Atlas (accessed December 8, 2017).
- ^ Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments, List of Monuments in Neubeu (accessed December 8, 2017).
- ^ Bavarian State Office for the Environment, Geotop Mühlsteinbruch Hinterhör (accessed December 8, 2017).
- ↑ Bavaria's most beautiful geotopes, Mühlsteinbruch Hinterhör (accessed December 8, 2017)
Web links
Coordinates: 47 ° 46 ′ 43 " N , 12 ° 9 ′ 26.3" E