Munster (Black Forest)
Münster (Münster im Thale) is an abandoned mining town (urban devastation ) below the St. Trudpert Monastery in the area of today's municipality of Münstertal / Black Forest in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district in Baden-Württemberg .
history
The city is said to have been built around 900 to protect the monastery and was burned down by the Hungarians together with the monastery around 926 . During the reconstruction, Münster received a city wall . Due to the rich silver deposits in the surrounding area, the city prospered. Around 1300 it is said to have had a mint , a bathhouse and a hospital in addition to melting furnaces .
Münster is referred to in a document from 1317 as the city of the St. Trudpert Monastery. The Bergregal first had the Zähringer and after their extinction the Counts of Freiburg , who appointed the Lords of Staufen as bailiffs . The Freiburg counts, who were in constant need of money, pledged the rights to the silver deposits largely to the citizens of Freiburg .
As early as 1330 Johann von Staufen sold the city of Münster and Scharfenstein Castle as well as the Vogtei Münstertal to Duke Otto of Austria , whereby the legal relationships were disputed. Duke Albrecht of Austria then bought the city of Münster and Scharfenstein Castle again from Johann von Staufen in 1346. In September of the same year, troops from the city of Freiburg destroyed Scharfenstein Castle and parts of the city of Münster, in particular a moated castle ( Wasserburg Münster ), which is interpreted as the Vogtsburg of the von Staufen - as they also made legal claims.
In 1350 the city of Freiburg settled with Duke Albrecht, who released the city of Münster in return for a cash payment.
The city of Freiburg and Count Konrad II of Freiburg were partisans of Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian at that time , while the Habsburgs, together with the city of Breisach, supported the anti-king Charles IV from the House of Luxembourg .
For a long time it was assumed that the city was completely destroyed in the process, but between 1348 and 1478 it is mentioned again and again in connection with disputes with the Lords of Staufen or the St. Trudpert Monastery. The city is believed to have perished for good during the Thirty Years War .
literature
- André Bechtold: The mining town of Münster and the formation of the Habsburg rule on the Upper Rhine in the 14th and 15th centuries . In: Das Markgräflerland , Volume 2/2003, Schopfheim 2003, pp. 81–91
- Matthias Untermann , André Bechtold: The urban desert of Münster im Breisgau. Archaeological and historical studies 1995–97. A preliminary report. In: Preservation of monuments in Baden-Württemberg , Volume 26, No. 3 (1997), pp. 73–82 ( digital copy from Heidelberg University Library )
- The Chronicle of Mathias von Neuenburg , translated by Georg Grandaur, Leipzig 1899, p. 139 ( digitized in the Internet Archive , PDF; 7.2 MB)
- Franz Xaver Kraus : The art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden , Tübingen and Leipzig, 1904, sixth volume, first division - Freiburg district; P. 431 ( digitized version of Heidelberg University Library )
- Josef Bader : History of the City of Freiburg im Breisgau , Volume 1, 1882, pp. 376–379 ( digitized version of the Heidelberg University Library )
Web links
- Münster (right side of the street) - Raised at leo-bw.de
- The medieval city of Münstertal ( Memento from December 27, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) at muenstertal.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bader assumes that it was founded on the ruins of an old Roman settlement
- ↑ s. Homepage Münstertal
- ↑ s. Bader p. 377
- ↑ s. Bechtold p. 85
- ↑ Chronicle p. 139
Coordinates: 47 ° 51 '40 " N , 7 ° 47' 50" E