Ma Mingxin
Ma Mingxin ( 马明 心 , Ma Ming-hsin ; * 1719 in Wudu , Gansu ; † 1781 in Lanzhou (executed), Gansu) was the Hui-Chinese founder of the Jahriyya - Menhuan , one of the four great Menhuan (Sufi schools) in China , a chief Naqschbandi - Tariqa ( Sufi order ) of Islam, widespread in Ningxia , Gansu and Yunnan . The school originally spread across Central Asia in the 16th century in the areas of Yarkant (Shache) and Kashgar (Kashi) in Xinjiang and was introduced by Ma Mingxin in Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai in 1744 .
Ma had in Mecca and Yemen under a Naqshbandi - Sufi studied -teacher named 'Abd al-Chāliq (Chinese Muslims as "Abu Duha Halik" known), the son of az-Zayn b. Muhammad 'Abd al-Baqī al-Mizjaji (1643 / 44-1725), who came from Mizjaja near Zabīd in Yemen. Az-Zayn, in turn, had studied in Medina under the famous Kurdish mystic Ibrahīm ibn Hasan al-Kūrānī (1616–1690), who was known for the vocal invocation (instead of the silent) dhikr .
His school was particularly active in the late 18th and 19th centuries in Gansu Province (also Qinghai and Ningxia ), where its followers were in a number of conflicts with other Muslim groups and led them into several rebellions against the Qing ruling class in China . Dynasty was involved.
literature
- Dru C. Gladney: Muslim Chinese: ethnic nationalism in the People's Republic . Harvard University Asia Center 1996 (Harvard East Asian monographs 149); ISBN 9780674594975
- Michael Dillon: China's Muslim Hui community: migration, settlement and sects
- Dru C. Gladney: Dislocating China
- Joseph Fletcher: "Central Asian Sufism and Ma Ming-hsin's New Teaching." In Proceedings of the Fourth East Asian Altaistic Conference, edited by Ch'en Chieh-hsien, pp. 75-96. Taipei: National Taiwan University, 1975.
reference books
- Cihai ("Sea of Words"), Shanghai cishu chubanshe, Shanghai 2002, ISBN 7-5326-0839-5
See also
Web links
- The Naqshbandiyya in Northwest China Chinese / English
- The Sufi Orders in China - English
- Ma Mingxin (1719-1781) - Chinese
- Ma Mingxin - Chinese
References and comments
- ↑ The four great menhuan (chin. Sida menhuan 四 大门 宦) are Chufiyya , Qadiriyya , Jahriyya and Kubrawiyya
- ↑ Gladney (1996), p. 48 ff. (After Joseph Fletcher , see also first web link).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Ma, Mingxin |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Chinese Islamist, Jahriyya-Menhuan |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1719 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Wudu , Gansu |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1781 |
| Place of death | Lanzhou , Gansu |