Magnolia cylindrica
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Blooming Magnolia cylindrica |
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| EH Wilson |
Magnolia cylindrica is a plant from the genus of Magnolia ( Magnolia ) in the family of Magnoliaceae (Magnoliaceae). It occurs in eastern China.
description
Appearance and bark
Magnolia cylindrica grows as a deciduous, small tree that can reach heights of up to 10 meters. The smooth trunk bark is grayish-white, silver-gray to light brown in color. The bark of young twigs is pressed, pale yellow hairy. Older branches have reddish or purple-brown bark . The branches give off a pungent odor if injured or crushed. The terminal buds have shaggy, yellowish or silvery hairs. Vegetative buds are smaller and have less dense hairs.
leaf
The leaves are arranged alternately on the branches. The 5 to 25 millimeter long petiole is pressed, pale yellow haired and furrowed on the upper side. The simple, membranous or leathery leaf blade is with a length of 5.7 to 14 centimeters and a width of usually 2 to 5 (1.6 to 6.5) centimeters elliptical, narrow to normal obovate, obovate-oblong or broadly lanceolate with a broadly wedge-shaped or almost rounded base and a blunt, pointed or tailed end. The lateral nerves branching off from the main nerve are raised on the upper side of the leaf. The bare, shiny upper side of the leaf is dark green in color. The blue-green to gray-green underside of the leaves is pressed, pale yellow hairy or glabrous and frosted. The membranous stipules are fused with the petiole and, after falling off, leave a scar on the petiole that is 1/6 to 1/3 as long as the petiole.
blossom
The flowering period extends from April to June, with the flowers appearing before the first leaves. The egg-shaped flower buds are pale gray-yellow to silver-gray with long hairs. The flowers are solitary, terminal and upright on a thick, densely pale yellow hairy, 1 to 1.5 centimeter long stalk.
The large flowers are hermaphroditic. The inflorescence consists of an outer circle with three short, membranous, sepal-like, free bracts, each with a length of 12 to 20 millimeters and a width of about 4 millimeters, and a middle and an inner circle of three white and red at the base of the top speckled, egg-shaped, free bracts nailed to their base at a length of 6.5 to 10 centimeters and a width of 2.5 to 4.5 centimeters. The innermost three bracts are usually more or less upright until the end of the anthesis . Further up (inside) there are many spirally arranged 10 to 13 millimeter long, free stamens with the broadly flattened, pink to pale red stamens. Further up (inside) there are many spirally arranged approximately 1.2 centimeters long, cylindrical-egg-shaped, greenish, free carpels .
Fruit and seeds
The hanging pelvis fruit is cylindrical with a length of 5 to 7.5 centimeters and a diameter of 1.8 to 2.5 centimeters. The follicle is initially green in color and has purple to reddish spots. When ripe, in August or September, the dark purple-black colored follicle bursts open. With a length of 7 to 10 millimeters and a thickness of 9 to 11 millimeters, the brown seed is heart-shaped, flattened on the sides, broadly furrowed on the underside, wedge-shaped at its base and V-shaped at the top.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 4x = 76. Magnolia cylindrica is therefore tetraploid.
Occurrence
The natural range of Magnolia cylindrica is in the east of China and extends over the provinces Anhui , Fujian , South Henan , Hubei , Jiangxi and Zhejiang .
Magnolia cylindrica thrives in forests at altitudes of 700 to 1600 meters.
Systematics
It was first described as Magnolia cylindrica in 1927 by Ernest Henry Wilson in Journal of the Arnold Arboretum , 8, (2), p. 109. A synonym for Magnolia cylindrica E.H.Wilson is Yulania cylindrica (EHWilson) DLFu . In the Flora of China 2008 it is believed that Yulania has genus rank and therefore the valid name is Yulania cylindrica (EHWilson) DLFu , published in Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research , 19, 2001, p. 198.
Magnolia cylindrica belongs to the subsection Yulania from the section Yulania in the subgenus Yulania within the genus of magnolias ( Magnolia ).
use
Magnolia cylindrica is used as an ornamental wood . Flower buds of this type are also collected for medicinal purposes.
Danger
Magnolia cylindrica is listed as “endangered” on the IUCN Red List . The main reasons for endangerment are the thinning of the forests and the collection of flower buds for medical purposes. It is pointed out, however, that a new check of the risk is necessary.
swell
- Magnolia cylindrica . In: Harvard University (Ed.): Journal of the Arnold Arboretum . Volume 57, No. 3 . Harvard University Printing Office, Boston, Massachusetts 1976, p. 290-292 ( online [accessed May 27, 2011]).
- Yuhu Liu, Nianhe Xia, Liu Yuhu, Hans P. Nooteboom: Magnoliaceae . Yulania . In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Hong Deyuan (eds.): Flora of China . Volume 7. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2008, ISBN 978-1-930723-81-8 , Yulania cylindrica , pp. 75 (English, online ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Yuhu Liu, Nianhe Xia, Liu Yuhu, Hans P. Nooteboom: Magnoliaceae . Yulania . In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Hong Deyuan (eds.): Flora of China . Volume 7. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2008, ISBN 978-1-930723-81-8 , Yulania cylindrica , pp. 75 (English, online ).
- ↑ a b c d Magnolia cylindrica . In: Harvard University (Ed.): Journal of the Arnold Arboretum . Volume 57, No. 3 . Harvard University Printing Office, Boston, Massachusetts 1976, p. 290-292 ( online [accessed May 25, 2011]).
- ↑ First description scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
- ↑ a b Magnolia cylindrica. In: TROPICOS. www.tropicos.org, accessed on May 27, 2011 .
- ↑ a b c Magnolia cylindrica. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network. www.ars-grin.gov, accessed on May 27, 2011 (English).
- ↑ Magnolia cylindrica in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: World Conservation Monitoring Center, 1998. Retrieved on 27 May 2011th
