Maliau Basin Conservation Area
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Maliau Basin Conservation Area
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 Map of the area in the "Maliau-Basin-Reception-And-Information-Building" |
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| location | Borneo / Malaysia | |
| surface | 588.4 km² | |
| Geographical location | 4 ° 50 ' N , 116 ° 54' E | |
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| Setup date | 1981 | |
| administration | Sabah Foundation | |
The Maliau Basin Conservation Area ( German Maliau Basin Protection Area ) or Maliau Basin for short ( German Maliau Basin ) is a 588.4 km² protected area in the Malaysian state of Sabah in the northeast of the island of Borneo , about 40 km north of the border to the Indonesian province of Kalimantan Timur . It is also called the "Forgotten World of Sabah" ( English Sabah's lost world ). In the vicinity of the reserve is the 10,000 km² forest management area, the Yayasan Sabah Forest Management Area . The nearest town is Tawau, approx. 190 km away .
history
Originally, the Maliau Basin was part of a 10,000 km² timber concession of the Yayasan Sabah . In 1981 it was placed under protection by Yayasan Sabah for research, education and training purposes together with the Danum Valley Conservation Area . The protection was extended in 1997 and the Maliau Basin Conservation Area was declared a Protection (Class One) Forest Reserve and expanded to its present size.
Geography and geology
The Maliau Basin was formed in the Miocene approximately 22 million years ago. Apart from weathering and erosion , it has not seen any significant changes since the Pliocene , about 5 million years ago .
The Maliau Basin is a circular sedimentary basin with a diameter of 25 km and consists of layers of sand and claystone . It feeds the Maliau through star-shaped drains . One of these drains is the Maliau Falls. In addition to the actual Maliau Basin, the protected area includes forest land east and north of the basin and Lake Linumunsut . The highest point of the protected area with a height of about 1675 m is on the north flank. An exact measurement is still pending.
Flora and fauna
The ferns of the genus Dipteris that line the river banks are characteristic of the lower mountain rainforest zone . Mountain heather forests grow in the more level areas of the basin on nutrient-poor and acidic soils. Ant plants , pitcher plants and rhododendrons are common there. Dipterocarpus forest is found primarily on the outer flanks of the basin and on the inner valley floors.
Over 1800 plant species have been identified so far. These include six types of pitcher plants and at least 80 types of orchids . The rare Rafflesia tengku-adlinii occurs in Sabah only in the Maliau Basin and on the Trus Madi . The tree Polyosma maliauensis and the moss Trismegistia maliauensis were scientifically described for the first time .
The Maliau Basin Conservation Area is home to rare and endangered animals. A total of 82 are mammal species confirmed: Asian elephants , orangutans , proboscis monkeys , clouded leopards , sun bears , Bornean banteng and the Borneo endemic Borneo Gold Cat occur there. There are over 300 species of birds in the reserve. Among them are Bulwerfasane , Riesenpittas , Fledermausaare and endemic to Borneo warts heads .
There are also over 30 species of amphibians .
The following newly discovered species are among the animal species found in the Maliau Basin Conservation Area:
- the fighting fish species Betta gladiator
- the species of crab Thelphusula hulu
- the swimming beetle species Neptosternus thiambooni
swell
- Borneo Forest Heritage website ( Memento from June 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ^ Saw, LG, A new species of Polyosma (Escallonianceae) from Sabah, Malaysia. Sandakania 14: 57-59, 2004.
- ↑ Akiyama, H. and Suleiman, M., Trismegistia maliauensis H. Akiyama & M. Suleiman (Sematophyllaceae, Musci), a new species from Maliau Basin, northern part of Borneo. Bryological Research 8: 183-187, 2003.