Mangalica pig
The Mangalica pig (also: Mangalitza or Mangaliza or woolly pig , more rarely sheep pig ) is a Hungarian breed of pig , which is characterized by curly, wool-like bristles.
properties
The usual German term "wool pig" goes back to the unusual coat with undercoat and curly bristles. Few domestic pigs are as hairy as their ancestors, the wild boars . The piglets are striped like fresh boars. Three color varieties are bred: large-framed blondes, red Mangalica and swallow-bellied Mangalica. Their thick layer of fat and coat protect the robust pigs from extreme weather. They can therefore live outdoors all year round if they have a shelter and a mud pit. The character of the woolly pig is very good-natured. If treated well, they are very trusting and like to be touched.
The Mangalica pig does not require any special care and is well suited for fattening. With a fat percentage of 65% to 70% of the total mass of its body, it is one of the fattest pigs in the world. The meat is very tasty. It is red and marbled with white stripes from intramuscular fat, is high in omega-3 fatty acids and contains natural antioxidants . Mangalitza pork fat melts at a lower temperature than other pork fat because it contains a higher amount of unsaturated fatty acids.
development
The Mangalica pig breed dates back to the 1830s. Sumadija pigs were crossed with a Hungarian breed that was widespread at the time. At the end of the 19th century, the Mangalica, which is characterized by thick fat pads , had already risen to become the leading breeding breed .
By 1890 there were nine million Mangalica pigs in Hungary. After the Second World War , the old breed experienced a new upswing in Hungary because it was able to cope with the adverse living conditions. Until the 1950s, the Mangalica pig was the predominant breed in Hungary. It was then so rigorously suppressed by English pork breeds, which had more meat and less bacon, that less than 200 pure-bred specimens were counted at the end of the 1970s. However, the new pig breeds were no longer suitable for grazing ( outside winter ), but had to be kept indoors because of the lower layer of fat and the associated lower resistance to cold.
attitude
The Mangalica pig is an omnivore . The fattening takes longer than that of other pig breeds. Due to its resistance to cold, it does not need a stable and has high immunity .
Preservation of the livestock breed
To preserve the endangered woolly pig, various projects have been started across Europe. In Germany, the “ Nutztier-Arche ” initiative ensures that the old farm animal breeds are preserved. In Austria , the "Interest Group of Wool Pig Breeders in Austria" promoted the preservation of wool pigs. With a resolution of May 7, 2016, the association "IGWÖ interest group of wool pig breeders" dissolved at the end of the year, the cooperation with "MI - Mangalitza International" will be continued. In Switzerland , the "Swiss Association for Woolly Pig Breeding (SVWS)" keeps the stud book . In Hungary, Mangalica is one of the so-called salami pigs (Hungarian: szalámisertés ), which are specially bred in the area around Szeged for winter salami .
Bergisches Wollschwein
Rotte Bergischer Wollschweine
In the meantime, the woolly pig is enjoying great popularity in the catering industry, especially in Switzerland and Austria, which has led to the number of breeders increasing continuously. In 2019 Mangalica pigs were again bred across Europe. In the Californian Wine Country , wool pigs are bred because of their high meat quality and used for landscape maintenance.
The society for the preservation of old and endangered domestic animal breeds (GEH) declared the woolly pig “Endangered Livestock Breed of the Year” for the years 1999 and 2019.
In Northern Burgenland , where the woolly pig was mentioned in the Austrian Empire around 1830, this breed is listed in the register of traditional foods .
Trivia
- A character in the Living with Yourself series breeds the breed.
Web links
- Swiss wool pig breeders' association
- Austrian Mangalitza homepage
- Vieh-EV.de
- Selection of large-format woolen pig pictures
- Press release from the Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals on the preservation of the breed as a farm animal
Individual evidence
- ↑ Heather Irwin: Fat, Hairy and Adorable: Mangalitsa Pigs Come to America , in: Sonoma Magazine [undated], last accessed July 24, 2019.
- ↑ Pannonian Mangalitza pig . Entry no. 81 in the register of traditional foods of the Austrian Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Regions and Tourism . Retrieved February 15, 2013
Carinthian Glass Sheep (1984) | Murnau-Werdenfelser-Rind (1986) | Swabian-Hällisches Landschwein (1987) | Schleswiger Kaltblut (1988) | Forest Sheep (1989) | Angler saddle pig (1990) | Rhön sheep (1991) | Hinterwälder Rind (1992) | Thuringian Forest Goat (1993) | Westphalian dead chicken , Diepholzer goose , Pomeranian duck (1994) | Colorful Bentheim Pig (1995) | Schleswiger Kaltblut (1996) | Red Höhenvieh (1997) | White Horned Heidschnucke , Old German Shepherd Dog (1998) | Wollschwein (1999) | Rottaler Horse (2000) | Bergische Landhuhnrassen ( Bergischer Kräher , Bergischer Schlotterkamm , Krüper ) and Bavarian Landgans (2001) | Angler cattle of old breeding direction (2002) | Domestic and farm dogs ( Spitz and Pinscher ) (2003) | Leutstetten horse , dark bee (2004) | Bentheimer Landschaf (2005) | German saddle pig (2006) | Murnau-Werdenfelser cattle (2007) | Bronze Turkey (2008) | Alpine Stone Sheep (2009) | Meissner Aries Rabbit (2010) | Limpurg beef (2011) | German Sparrowhawk (2012) | Linen Sheep (2013) | Dülmener (2014) | German Karakul (2015) | Regional cattle breeds ( original Braunvieh , Glan cattle and German black and colored low cattle ) (2016) | Impressive breeds of ducks ( German Peking duck , Orpington duck and Warty duck ) (2017) | Altwürttemberger (2018) | Wollschwein (2019)
