Swabian-Hall pig
The Swabian-Hällische Landschwein , also called Schwäbisch-Hällisches Schwein (SH) or colloquially Hällisch-Fränkisches Landschwein or Mohrenköpfle , is an old domestic pig breed with a distribution focus in the northeast of Baden-Württemberg , especially in the eponymous district of Schwäbisch Hall .
features
The boars of the breed are about 90 cm high (withers) and 275-350 kg heavy, the sows about 80 cm high and 222-275 kg heavy. The head, neck and hind legs of the animals are black, the front legs and body are not pigmented. The popular colloquial term “Mohrenköpfle” comes from their coloring.
history
In 1820, King Wilhelm I of Württemberg introduced Chinese masked pigs to promote agriculture , which were crossed with native breeds to create the Swabian-Hall pigs. The other European saddle-pig breeds also emerged in a similar way. The black head and the black rear are color-coded. It is demarcated by a fringing strip where white hair grows on black pigmented skin.
The first breeders' association was founded in 1925. Thanks to their high meat quality and very good mother characteristics, almost exclusively Swabian-Hall pigs were kept in the Schwäbisch Hall district in the 1940s. In later years they were supplanted by other breeds whose meat tended to meet the consumer demand for lean meat, which had now awakened. At the end of the 1970s and the beginning of the 1980s, they were even considered to be extinct (engineering work Ernst Gerstlauer 1979 FH Weihenstephan). Dedicated farmers started a new breed in 1984 with only seven purebred sows and one boar . The Schwäbisch-Hall Pig Breeders' Association was founded in Schwäbisch Hall in 1986 . The greatest successes were the multiple national victories for the best meat quality at the International Green Week Berlin .
In 1987 the Society for the Preservation of Old and Endangered Domestic Animal Breeds (GEH) declared the Swabian-Hällische Landschwein as Endangered Livestock Breed of the Year . In January 2014, the thoroughbred Swabian-Hällische Landschwein was accepted by Slow Food as a passenger on the Ark of Taste .
Today, Swabian-Hall pigs are predominantly kept in businesses that are affiliated with the Schwäbisch-Hall pig breeders' association and the Baden-Württemberg Pig Breeding Association.
Protection of origin
In 1998, Schwäbisch Hall quality pork was included as a protected geographical indication ( PGI ) in the register of designations of origin protected across Europe. Schwäbisch Hall quality pork must come from animals that have been raised, fattened and slaughtered according to a specified specification. In addition, they must come from the district of Schwäbisch Hall or the neighboring districts of Hohenlohe , Ansbach , Main-Tauber , Rems-Murr or Ostalb and may only be bred there (in the event of an epidemic that should require the killing of all southern German animals and would make the Hällische Landschwein disappear, there is a breed in Reichenbach / Nahe ). Among other things, the animals have to be fed with GM -free feed from the region and without fattening additives.
literature
- Rudolf Bühler and Günter Postler: Total ecological breeding value for Swabian-Hall pigs . Ed .: Züchtervereinigung Schwäbisch-Hällisches Schwein eV (= Federal Organic Farming Program (BÖL) . No. 12923 ). Wolpertshausen 2004 ( orgprints.org [accessed on July 21, 2013] Final report on the research project ÖZW-SHS 02OE396).
Web links
- Peasant producer association Schwäbisch Hall
- Vieh-EV.de
- Swabian-Hall quality pork PGI
- Pig Breeding Association of Baden-Württemberg eV
Individual evidence
- ↑ Regional gastronomy serves up: Mohrenköpfle secure the future. (PDF; 86 kB) (No longer available online.) Hohenlohe Cultural Landscape Project Group, University of Hohenheim, July 17, 2001, formerly in the original ; accessed on August 8, 2015 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Sabine Herre: A pig from the world. In: taz . January 13, 2006, accessed August 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Swabian-Hällisches Landschwein. Slow Food Germany e. V., accessed on August 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Swabian-Hall quality pork. In: DOOR. European Commission, March 21, 1998, accessed August 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Binding producer guidelines for Schwäbisch-Hällisches quality pork PGI from controlled and species-appropriate production. (PDF; 63 kB) (No longer available online.) Peasant producers' association Schwäbisch Hall, archived from the original on September 24, 2015 ; accessed on August 8, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Carinthian Glass Sheep (1984) | Murnau-Werdenfelser-Rind (1986) | Swabian-Hällisches Landschwein (1987) | Schleswiger Kaltblut (1988) | Forest Sheep (1989) | Angler saddle pig (1990) | Rhön sheep (1991) | Hinterwälder Rind (1992) | Thuringian Forest Goat (1993) | Westphalian dead chicken , Diepholzer goose , Pomeranian duck (1994) | Colorful Bentheim Pig (1995) | Schleswiger Kaltblut (1996) | Red Höhenvieh (1997) | White Horned Heidschnucke , Old German Shepherd Dog (1998) | Wollschwein (1999) | Rottaler Horse (2000) | Bergische Landhuhnrassen ( Bergischer Kräher , Bergischer Schlotterkamm , Krüper ) and Bavarian Landgans (2001) | Angler cattle of old breeding direction (2002) | Domestic and farm dogs ( Spitz and Pinscher ) (2003) | Leutstetten horse , dark bee (2004) | Bentheimer Landschaf (2005) | German saddle pig (2006) | Murnau-Werdenfelser cattle (2007) | Bronze Turkey (2008) | Alpine Stone Sheep (2009) | Meissner Aries Rabbit (2010) | Limpurg beef (2011) | German Sparrowhawk (2012) | Linen Sheep (2013) | Dülmener (2014) | German Karakul (2015) | Regional cattle breeds ( original Braunvieh , Glan cattle and German black and colored low cattle ) (2016) | Impressive breeds of ducks ( German Peking duck , Orpington duck and Warty duck ) (2017) | Altwürttemberger (2018) | Wollschwein (2019)