Margaret Hasluck

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Margaret Masson Hardie Hasluck (born Margaret Hardie ; born June 18, 1885 in Drumblade , † October 18, 1948 in Dublin ) was a Scottish geographer, linguist, epigraphist , archaeologist and folklorist .

Life

Margaret Hardie was born in 1885 in a small council area village in Aberdeenshire . In 1907 she successfully completed a degree in Classical Antiquity at the University of Aberdeen and specialized until 1911 at Newnham College in Cambridge . She could not obtain a degree there, as Cambridge did not allow women to graduate until 1948. Hasluck then worked - on a scholarship - as the first woman at the British School at Athens . With William Ramsay she made trips to Anatolia . She did research in Antioch in Pisidia and published in 1912 " The Shrine of Men Askaenos at Pisidian Antioch " and after a trip to Izmir " Dionysus at Smyrna ".

After their marriage in 1912 to Frederick William Hasluck , the assistant director of the British School, the couple honeymooned in Konya and traveled through Turkey . In the following years the Haslucks lived in Athens and traveled extensively across the Balkan Peninsula . In 1915 Frederick Hasluck left the British School and worked in the intelligence department of the British Embassy in Athens. The following year Frederick Hasluck fell ill with tuberculosis ; three years later he died in Switzerland. Margaret Hasluck moved to England and published her husband's posthumous manuscripts there. In 1921 she received two scholarships from her university and was able to travel to Albania to collect folk tales from the country.

From 1923 she lived permanently in Albania for 13 years. After a while, she bought a piece of land with a house in Elbasan and carried out anthropological research in the Macedonia region . In 1924 she became a member of the Royal Geographical Society . She published numerous articles on the region as well as the first English-Albanian textbook with a reader. Hasluck was repeatedly said to have had an affair with the Albanian scholar and politician Lef Nosi . Due to her secret service activities during World War I, she had to leave Albania for Athens in 1939 when Italy occupied the country . She left her extensive library with more than 3,000 books to Nosi. In Greece she worked for the press office of the British embassy and repeatedly made contact with the Albanian resistance.

When Athens became unsafe too, she moved first to Istanbul and then to Cairo . There, too, she advised the British secret service on Albania and helped set up a special operations executive group for the country. In 1945 Hasluck fell ill with leukemia . She was treated in Cyprus and Dublin, where she died in 1948.

Honors

In 1944 the United Kingdom awarded her the Order of the British Empire . On June 18, 2010, a nephew of Margaret Hasluck unveiled a commemorative plaque on her 125th birthday at her property in Elbasan in the presence of the Prefect of Elbasan County , the Mayor of Elbasan and the British Ambassador to Albania. Hasluck was also made an honorary citizen of the city.

Fonts (selection)

  • The Shrine of Men Askaenos at Pisidian Antioch . In: Journal of Hellenic Studies 32, 1912, pp. 111-150
  • Dionysus at Smyrna . In: Annual of the British School at Athens 19, 1912/13, pp. 89-94
  • The Significance of Greek Personal Names . 1923
  • Christian Survivals among Certain Moslem Subjects of Greece . 1924
  • The Nonconformist Muslims of Albania . 1925
  • A Lucky Spell from a Greek Island . 1926
  • The Basil Cake of the Greek New Year . 1927
  • An Unknown Turkish Shrine in Western Macedonia . 1929
  • Measurements of Macedonian Men . In: Biometrika 21, 1929, pp. 322-336
  • Traditional Games of the Turks . 1930
  • Këndime Englisht-Shqip or Albanian-English Reader. Sixteen Albanian Folk-Stories Collected and Translated, with Two Grammars and Vocabularies . Cambridge 1932
  • Physiological Paternity and Belated Birth in Albania . 1932
  • Bride-Price in Albania: A Homeric Parallel . 1933
  • A Historical Sketch of the Fluctuations of Lake Ostrovo in West Macedonia . In: The Geographical Journal 87, 1936, pp. 338-347
  • The Archaeological History of Lake Ostrovo in West Macedonia . 1936
  • Causes of the Fluctuations in the Level of Lake Ostrovo, West Macedonia . In: The Geographical Journal 88, 1937, pp. 446-457
  • The Gypsies of Albania . 1938
  • Couvade in Albania . 1939
  • The Sedentary Gypsies of Metzoro . 1939
  • Firman of AH 1013-14 (AD 1604-5) Regarding Gypsies in the Western Balkans . In: Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society Series 3, Vol. 27, 1948, pp. 1-12
  • Oedipus Rex in Albania . In: Folk-Lore Vol. 60, 1949, pp. 340-348
  • The unwritten law in Albania , ed. by JH Hutton, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1954
  • Robert Elsie (Ed.): The Hasluck Collection of Albanian Folktales (=  Albanian Studies . Volume 14 ). Center for Albanian Studies, London 2015, ISBN 978-1-5120-0228-7 .
as editor of the posthumous writings of Frederick William Hasluck
  • Athos and its Monasteries . 1924
  • Letters on Religion and Folklore . 1926
  • Christianity and Islam under the Sultans . 2 volumes, 1929

literature

  • RM Dawkins : Margaret Masson Hasluck . In: Folk-Lore Vol. 60, 1949, pp. 291-292
  • SE Mann: Margaret Masson Hasluck . In: Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society Vol. 29, 1950, p. 80
  • Bejtullah D. Destani: Our woman in Albania. The Life of Margret Hasluck, Scholar and Spy . Tauris, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-84511-539-5
  • Margaret Hasluck . In: Robert Elsie: Historical Dictionary of Albania . Scarecrow Press, Lanham / Toronto / Plymouth 2010, pp. 184f. ( Online at Google Books ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Margaret Hasluck . In: Robert Elsie: Historical Dictionary of Albania , Scarecrow Press, Lanham / Toronto / Plymouth 2010, pp. 184f.
  2. ↑ Sharon R. Stocker: Margaret Masson Hardie Hasluck (1885–1948) , biography at Brown University, accessed February 13, 2017 (PDF)
  3. ↑ Marc Clark: Margaret Masson Hasluck . In: John B. Allcock, Antonia Young (Eds.): Black Lambs and Gray Falcons: Women Travelers in the Balkans , University of Bradford, 2000, p. 130.
  4. ^ John B. Allcock, Antonia Young (eds.): Black Lambs & Gray Falcons: Women Travelers in the Balkans . Berghahn Books, Bradford 1991, p. 142.
personal data
SURNAME Hasluck, Margaret
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hardie Hasluck, Margaret Masson (full name); Hardie, Margaret Masson; Hasluck, Margaret Masson; Hazllyk, Margaret; Hezllak, Margaret; Hasllëk, Margaret; Hazllëk, Margaret; Hallëk, Margaret; Hazluk, Margaret
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Scottish geographer, linguist, archaeologist and folklorist
DATE OF BIRTH June 18, 1885
PLACE OF BIRTH Drumblade , Aberdeenshire
DATE OF DEATH October 18, 1948
Place of death Dublin