Margarete Kubicka

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Margarete Kubicka (born as Margarte Schuster, June 20, 1891 in Berlin ; died July 18, 1984 there ) was a German artist.

Life

Margarete Schuster grew up in a liberal merchant family. From 1911 to 1913 she attended the teachers' seminar at the Royal Art School in Berlin to become a drawing teacher at a lyceum. She married the Polish-German artist Stanislaw Kubicki in 1916 , they had a daughter (1919) and a son (1926). They moved into a residential studio on Holsteinische Strasse. Both published prints and poems in the magazine Die Aktion . In their circle of friends, in which Raoul Hausmann , Jankel Adler and Otto Freundlich frequented, they remained pacifist even after the outbreak of the First World War, unlike the politicians of the labor movement .

The founder of the Polish artist group BUNT Jerzy Hulewicz portrayed them. In 1918 she took part in an exhibition by the BUNT group in Poznan and in June 1918 she exhibited five oil paintings, three watercolors and two woodcuts at the group's exhibition organized by Aktion in Berlin. During the First World War, Kubicka was a member of the Spartakusbund for a short time . After the war, Kubicka lost her job as a teacher because the teaching posts were needed for the men returning from the war, and had to keep the family afloat with the money from substitute hours. In 1920 they visited the painters Franz W. Seiwert and Heinrich Hoerle in Cologne and founded the Kommune group with them, Jankel Adler and Otto Freundlich . At the congress of the Union of International Progressive Artists in Düsseldorf in 1922, they protested against the politically shallow art industry represented there and in the same year organized the International Workers' Art Exhibition in Berlin , for which, in addition to Raoul Hausmann, they also represented representatives of the BUNT group and, with Joris Minne and Henri Van Straten , Representatives of the Belgian Lumière group were able to win. Kubicka's pictures were shown in international exhibitions of the group of progressive artists in Moscow in 1926 and in Chicago in 1930.

Kubicka now turned to Expressionist Cubism . In the mid-twenties she got another job as an art teacher at the Kaiser-Friedrich-Realgymnasium in Neukölln with Werner Büngel . In 1926 their son Stanislaw Karol Kubicki (1926–2019) was born, and in 1927 the family moved to Onkel-Bräsig-Straße 46 in the Hufeisensiedlung .

After the transfer of power to the National Socialists in 1933, she was disciplined and transferred to Tempelhof as a punishment, but kept her official post. In 1934 she helped Zenzl Mühsam to flee Germany. Stanislaw Kubicki fled to Poland in 1934. In 1937 they divorced out of caution against further political persecution. Stanislaw Kubicki was murdered by the Germans as a Polish resistance fighter after the German occupation of Poland in 1943 . Kubicka and her two children survived the harassment, house searches and interrogations during the Nazi era . During this time she supported Polish forced laborers who worked in the horseshoe settlement and in a camp on Onkel-Bräsig-Str. 3 were accommodated.

After the end of the Second World War, she continued to work as a teacher at the Tempelhof Luise-Henriette-Oberschule until her retirement in 1956. In her works from the 1950s, the forms of the 1920s are only used occasionally, new fantastic possibilities come into play, allegorical and mythological reminiscences. The labyrinthine filigree ink drawings from recent years are a highlight in Kubicka's late work .

Honor

View over the Margarete Kubicka Bridge in April 2019

In 2017, a bridge in Berlin-Neukölln was named after her: On the Margarete-Kubicka Bridge , Dieselstrasse runs over the section of the A 100 motorway that is still under construction . However, the naming ceremony did not take place.

Exhibitions

  • Margarete Kubicka , Neuer Berliner Kunstverein , 1976
  • The years of crisis: Margarete Kubicka and Stanislaw Kubicki 1918–1922 . Berlin, Berlinische Galerie, 1992
  • Exhibition about the life and work of Margarete Kubicka , at: Hufeisern gegen Rechts, Berlin-Britz, November 15 to December 6, 2015

literature

  • Dorit Brack: Margarete Kubicka . In: Britta Jürgs (ed.): Like a Nile bride thrown into the waves. Portraits of expressionist artists and writers. Berlin: AvivA, Berlin, 2002, ISBN 3-932338-04-9 ; Pp. 156-168
  • Lidia Głuchowska: Avant-garde and love: Margarete and Stanislaw Kubicki 1910–1945 . Berlin, Gebr. Mann, 2007. Humboldt University Berlin, dissertation, 2004 (not used here)
  • Hartmut Vollmer (Ed.): “The sun dances to death in red shoes”: poetry by expressionist female poets . Zurich: Arche, 1993, p. 247
  • Hufeisern gegen Rechts (Ed.): "You don't, you colorful world of fools, you don't". Margarete Kubicka 1891–1984 , Berlin 2015

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Die Aktion , June 1, 1918, according to Col. 286
  2. ↑ Series of pictures from Neukölln by Jürgen Reichmann, also with pictures of the Margarate-Kubicka-Bridge (pictures 6-8).
  3. ^ Berlin: "Margarete Kubicka" . Art calendar Die Zeit , August 20, 1976
personal data
SURNAME Kubicka, Margarete
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schuster, Margarete (maiden name); Kubicka, Małgorzata (Polish)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German artist
DATE OF BIRTH June 20, 1891
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH July 18, 1984
Place of death Berlin