Marie Calm

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Marie Calm
"The leaders of the women's movement in Germany" in the gazebo in 1883. Marie Calm is shown in the top row on the left.
Marie Calm (below right) on an illustration from 1894 showing the “leaders of the women's movement in Germany”.

Marie Calm (pseudonym Marie Ruhland ; born April 3, 1832 in Arolsen , † February 22, 1887 in Kassel ) was a German writer , educator and women's rights activist .

Life

Marie Calm was the daughter of a businessman who was also the mayor of Arolsen in what was then the Principality of Waldeck . Against the wishes of her parents, she trained as a teacher in a boarding school in Geneva and in 1853 accepted a position as a teacher in England . Five years later she worked as a teacher in Russia . After the death of her father in 1861 she took over the management of the secondary school for girls in Lennep , three years later she went back to England. At her mother's request, she finally moved to Kassel with her and her sister.

In 1865 Marie Calm, who also wrote under the pseudonym Marie Ruhland , published her first work “Sketches and Novellas” and devoted herself to her work as a writer in the following years. She published poems, novels and stories that dealt primarily with the position of the teacher and higher education for women. In doing so, she resorted to her own experience, as she was responsible for teacher and higher education for women in the General German Women's Association . Marie Calm, who was in contact with the leading representatives of the bourgeois women's movement, founded the Association of German Teachers and Educators in 1869 together with Auguste Schmidt and other women . The Cassel Women's Education Association (CFBV), which Marie Calm headed until her death in 1887 , was founded on her initiative . Under her leadership, the CFBV opened a technical school for girls, who were to be given new professional fields through better training. A further education school was later founded to train teachers in home economics, handicraft and gymnastics classes.

Honor

Today streets in Kassel and Bad Arolsen are named after Marie Calms. A mother-child house in Baunatal was named after Marie Calm.

Works

  • Sketches and Novellas (1865)
  • The position of German teachers. Charisius, Berlin 1870. ( digitized version )
  • Images and sounds. Poems. Freyschmidt, Cassel 1871.
  • Feminine work in the kitchen, living room and salon. Practical hints for women and virgins. Staude, Berlin 1874.
  • Leo . Novel in three volumes. Janke, Berlin 1876. ( digitized volume 1 ), ( volume 2 ), ( volume 3 )
  • A look into life. Donation for the growing female youth. Bonz, Stuttgart 1892.
  • Wild flowers. Two short stories dedicated to German women. Kühtmann, Bremen 1880.
  • (Ed.): Lectures choisies des demoiselles . Kay, Cassel. Three volumes:
    • I. A Paris. Trois histores , 1880.
    • II. Tableaux de famille. Trois morceaux. 1880.
    • III. Nouvelles historiques. Trois histoires. 1880.
  • Bella's blue book. Story of an ugly woman. (1883)
  • Real nobility. A story in letters dedicated to her young friends. Stuttgart 1883.
  • At home and outside. Stories for young girls. Krabbe, Stuttgart 1883
  • The manners of good company. A Guide to Life in and Out of the Home (1886)

literature

  • Gisela Brinker-Gabler (among others): Lexicon of German-speaking women writers 1800-1945 . dtv, Munich 1986, p. 51 f., ISBN 3-423-03282-0 .
  • Wahlfeldt, Andrea: Marie Calm - The founder of the Cassel Women's Education Association. First approach to their time . In: Wahlfeldt, Andrea [ed.]: Girls' education in women's hands: the Cassel women's education association 1869 - a project of the bourgeois women's movement , Kassel, archive of the German women's movement, 1987, pp. 7-18.
  • Heinrich Groß: German female poets and writers in words and pictures . Thiel, Berlin 1885, p. 387.
  • Calm, Marie. In: Lexicon of German-Jewish Authors . Volume 4: Brech-Carle. Edited by the Bibliographia Judaica archive. Saur, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-598-22684-5 , pp. 403-406.

Web links

Commons : Marie Calm  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Probst states 1862 as the beginning of the management of the daughter school, Brinker-Gabler 1861.
personal data
SURNAME Calm, Marie
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ruhland, Marie (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer, educator and women's rights activist
DATE OF BIRTH April 3, 1832
PLACE OF BIRTH Arolsen
DATE OF DEATH February 22, 1887
Place of death kassel