Marowijne
Marowijne District | |
---|---|
Location of Marowijne District in Suriname | |
Data | |
Capital | Albina |
population | 18,294 ( 2012 Census ) |
surface | 4,627 km² |
Population density | 4.0 inhabitants / km² |
structure | 6 departments |
Rivers | Marowijne |
Marowijne's departments |
Marowijne is a district in the far east of Suriname , on the border with French Guiana . The capital is Albina , named after Albina Josefine Liezenmaier, who later became the wife of the founder of the branch at Marowijne August Kappler .
It is bordered by the Sipaliwini district in the south, the Para and Commewijne districts in the west and the Atlantic Ocean on the Marowijne district in the north .
Originally the Marowijne district was much larger and extended in the south to the border with Brazil. In 1971 the size was approx. 44,000 km² with a population of 25,911. For the years 1922, 1950 and 1964 the corresponding population figures are: 6,800, 4,200 and 23,200.
Politics and administrative structure
In the parliament ( De Nationale Assemblée ) the Marowijne district is represented by 3 members.
The Marowijne district is in turn divided into the following six departments (decentralized):
Economy and Development
The economy is characterized by bauxite mining near Moengo (pronunciation: Mungo). In the first few years of the 20th century , bauxite was discovered there and since then it has been mined by SBM ( Surinaamse Bauxiet Maatschappij ), today's Suralco (Suriname Aluminum Company: a subsidiary of Alcoa = Aluminum Company of America). The first export of bauxite was from Moengo in 1922.
The most important traffic axis of the district is the so-called east-west connection, which is not only of local or regional importance, but also of international importance due to the ferry connection between Albina and Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni in French Guiana.
Seagoing ships can reach the town of Moengo via the Cottica . A boat connection between Cottica and Marowijne is also possible via the bifurcation (river bifurcation) Courmotibo-Wanekreek . The Marowijne represents an essential connection axis with the Surinamese inland for passenger and commercial traffic.
There are smaller airfields in Moengo and Albina.
Nature reserves
The Tijgerbank - a sandbank - and the two mud banks Kweriman and Wia-Wia are located off the coast . Two nature reserves have been set up to protect sea turtles and water birds : the Galibi reserve (established in 1969 with 4,000 ha) and the Wia-Wia nature reserve (founded in 1961; expanded to 36,000 ha in 1966). In connection with these nature reserves, tourism plays a minor but growing role in the district.
literature
- CFA Bruijning u. J. Voorhoeve (main editor): Encyclopedie van Suriname . Elsevier , Amsterdam a. Brussel 1977, ISBN 90-10-01842-3 , pp. 395-396.
- Tessa Leuwsha: Suriname . Elmar Reishandboek, Rijswijk 2001, pages 188-195.
Web links
- Decentralization in Suriname , including financing plans for projects in the districts (Dutch)
Coordinates: 5 ° 46 ′ N , 54 ° 19 ′ W