Marowijne

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Marowijne District
Nickerie Coronie Saramacca Wanica Paramaribo Commewijne Marowijne Para Brokopondo Sipaliwini Sipaliwini (umstritten) Sipaliwini (umstritten) Frankreich Guyana BrasilienMarowijne in Suriname (+ claims) .svg
About this picture
Location of Marowijne District in Suriname
Data
Capital Albina
population 18,294 ( 2012 Census )
surface 4,627 km²
Population density 4.0 inhabitants / km²
structure 6 departments
Rivers Marowijne
Marowijne resorts.png
Marowijne's departments

Marowijne is a district in the far east of Suriname , on the border with French Guiana . The capital is Albina , named after Albina Josefine Liezenmaier, who later became the wife of the founder of the branch at Marowijne August Kappler .

It is bordered by the Sipaliwini district in the south, the Para and Commewijne districts in the west and the Atlantic Ocean on the Marowijne district in the north .

Originally the Marowijne district was much larger and extended in the south to the border with Brazil. In 1971 the size was approx. 44,000 km² with a population of 25,911. For the years 1922, 1950 and 1964 the corresponding population figures are: 6,800, 4,200 and 23,200.

Politics and administrative structure

In the parliament ( De Nationale Assemblée ) the Marowijne district is represented by 3 members.

The Marowijne district is in turn divided into the following six departments (decentralized):

Economy and Development

The economy is characterized by bauxite mining near Moengo (pronunciation: Mungo). In the first few years of the 20th century , bauxite was discovered there and since then it has been mined by SBM ( Surinaamse Bauxiet Maatschappij ), today's Suralco (Suriname Aluminum Company: a subsidiary of Alcoa = Aluminum Company of America). The first export of bauxite was from Moengo in 1922.

The most important traffic axis of the district is the so-called east-west connection, which is not only of local or regional importance, but also of international importance due to the ferry connection between Albina and Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni in French Guiana.

Seagoing ships can reach the town of Moengo via the Cottica . A boat connection between Cottica and Marowijne is also possible via the bifurcation (river bifurcation) Courmotibo-Wanekreek . The Marowijne represents an essential connection axis with the Surinamese inland for passenger and commercial traffic.

There are smaller airfields in Moengo and Albina.

Nature reserves

The Tijgerbank - a sandbank - and the two mud banks Kweriman and Wia-Wia are located off the coast . Two nature reserves have been set up to protect sea ​​turtles and water birds : the Galibi reserve (established in 1969 with 4,000 ha) and the Wia-Wia nature reserve (founded in 1961; expanded to 36,000 ha in 1966). In connection with these nature reserves, tourism plays a minor but growing role in the district.

literature

  • CFA Bruijning u. J. Voorhoeve (main editor): Encyclopedie van Suriname . Elsevier , Amsterdam a. Brussel 1977, ISBN 90-10-01842-3 , pp. 395-396.
  • Tessa Leuwsha: Suriname . Elmar Reishandboek, Rijswijk 2001, pages 188-195.

Web links

Commons : Marowijne  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 5 ° 46 ′  N , 54 ° 19 ′  W