Matena tunnel
| Matena tunnel | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Matena tunnel
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| use | Road tunnel with footpath | |||
| traffic connection | Matenastrasse | |||
| place | Duisburg - Bruckhausen | |||
| length | 400 m | |||
| construction | ||||
| start of building | 1909 | |||
| completion | 1912 | |||
| business | ||||
| closure | 2013 | |||
| location | ||||
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| Coordinates | ||||
| West portal | 51 ° 29 ′ 31 ″ N , 6 ° 44 ′ 0 ″ E | |||
| East portal | 51 ° 29 ′ 26 " N , 6 ° 44 ′ 19" E | |||
Map with all coordinates: 
The Matenatunnel is a listed former road tunnel in Duisburg - Bruckhausen . It connected the district of Bruckhausen with the now defunct Alsum . The industrial monument transfers the iron and steel works of the former German Emperor's union , now part of ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe , and has a one-sided sidewalk in addition to the two lanes, one of which was used for tram traffic until 1965.
The tunnel system, which became famous as a filming location for some Schimanski - Tatorte , includes the approximately 400 meter long passage with the paved and asphalt road and the characteristic fork of the pedestrian path at the western exit as well as the simple western and the eastern portal with decorative decorations, where the former passage to the factory site was.
The tunnel is very dilapidated and run down. In January 2013, it was initially only temporarily blocked for repair work, as had been the case several times before. In April this closure was declared final. It should be preserved in the sense of monument protection, but the entrances should be filled in such a way that any access, including animals, is excluded.
history
The connection between the village Alsum and the former peasantry Bruckhausen was documented in cadastral maps already 1727th In November 1871 the mine of the Union of German Emperors (GDK) started mining. August Thyssen took over the company at the end of the 1880s . The only traffic junction at that time was the then Bruckhauser Straße (today Kaiser-Wilhelm-Straße), which had several changes of direction due to the many intersections. In 1889, under August Thyssen, the steel and rolling mill to the north of Matenastrasse, which branches off at right angles from Kaiser-Wilhelm-Strasse, was built, making its eastern part more straightforward. In 1895 the expansion of the new blast furnace plant in Bruckhausen began with a steelworks in the southern area of the road, which initially retained its winding course in the western area. It acquired its slightly curved shape in 1901 with the completion of blast furnaces 3 to 5. With the expansion of the plant, the construction of a residential quarter in Bruckhausen began, whereupon the course of the street on Matenastrasse continued to change linearly.
In 1903 and 1904 the construction of a tunnel was considered for the first time. The concept worked out by Thyssen was intended to close the space that existed between existing overpasses. This should also ensure protection of the wagons and pedestrians from the hot and fine dust of the ironworks. The plan was not implemented because the municipality Hamborn , belonged to the Bruckhausen at the time, considered the planned tunnel dimensions too small to enough space for a tram and the sidewalk has to offer. Thyssen, on the other hand, did not want to realize the Hamborner ideas with the expanded dimensions due to the expansion of the plant. It was not until 1909 that an expansion of the ore elevated railway at August-Thyssen-Hütte was being planned that Thyssen and the municipality were able to agree on a contract. The completion of the tunnel construction lasted until 1911. When it opened in 1912, it was transferred to the Hamborn community free of charge. The tunnel was originally connected directly to the GDK factory premises by several entrances. The desired tram line was also installed in the new tunnel . This was inaugurated on October 29, 1910 on Matenastraße and led from the Hamborn town hall via the Norbertus Church, which today belongs to Obermarxloh , and finally to the Buschhausen train station. This connection, which was set in a single lane in the southern lane of the tunnel, was assigned line number 21 when the Hamborner and Duisburg trams were merged to form the Duisburger Verkehrsgesellschaft .
Alsum, east of the tunnel on the Rhine and only slightly grown during industrialization, was badly damaged by air raids in 1944 and 1945 during World War II. In the period that followed, the number of inhabitants fell sharply and further damage was caused by subsidence. Finally, the place at the mouth of the Old Emscher was abandoned in 1965. This also made tram traffic along Matenastraße unprofitable; on March 31, 1965, the last route on line 10 passed through the tunnel. Initially, the connections to Thyssen-Tor 6 as the terminal were shortened until it was completely shut down on April 30, 1966 as the last Duisburg meter-gauge line . The importance of the Matena tunnel decreased significantly.
The traffic structure became famous in the 1980s as a backdrop for the Duisburg crime scene commissioner Horst Schimanski . Among other things, a car chase was filmed here.
In 1983 the thought first came up of placing the Matenatunnel under monument protection, but in the end it was not included in the list of monuments of the city of Duisburg . It was not until January 17, 2012 that the Matenatunnel was placed under monument protection as a monument with the number 632 .
description
The name "Matena", which the tunnel took over from the road, comes from the Middle High German "mate" or Old Low German "matha", which means "meadow" or "meadow meadow" and refers to the formerly rural, agricultural environment. The industrialization that began in what is now the north of Duisburg in the 1870s completely reshaped this landscape, including the Rhine dike, which is just under a kilometer from the eastern exit of the tunnel.
The Matenatunnel is a little more than 400 meters long. The width of the street is about 5.90 to 6.00 meters, the one-sided footpath on the northern side of the street varies between 1.50 and 2.00 meters wide. The clear height of the underpass is 4.00 meters. The tunnel has a clear gradient and a striking curvature, especially in the eastern part. The Matenastraße in the tunnel is very winding for its length, and it is not possible to see through from one portal to the other. On the one hand, this results from the adoption of the original course of Matenastraße with its multiple intersections and, on the other hand, it is typical for the traffic ideas around the year 1910. The street was originally completely paved. In the southern carriageway, the rails were embedded, which were removed after the tram traffic was stopped, but can still be guessed in the subsequent and damaged asphalting of the uneven road surface. The speed was recently reduced to 30 km / h.
The east portal is decorated with architectural decorations. Above the passage there is a curved lintel , in the middle of which there was a later smashed heraldic cartouche with an inscription and mallet and iron , with a console cornice . Two symbols of mallets and iron are still in the upper corners of the entrance. There was also an entrance to the southern part of the factory premises. The gate IV. Gew. Friedrich Thyssen Kokerei - Bruckhausen , as it could be read in the stepped gable of the earlier factory entrance, has not been preserved, the entrance was bricked up. Behind the portal there was also a narrower pedestrian tunnel built parallel to the main tunnel leading to a staircase with a gatehouse at the entrance to the former coking plant of the steelworks. There were two further factory entrances to the northern factory premises, a wider and narrower one, in the tunnel. The west portal, on the other hand, is younger and has no special design.
Originally, the tunnel walls were provided with a base zone made of strung concrete elements, which looked like protruding ashlar blocks. Most of these have been preserved. Above that, the walls were covered with tiles, which were finished with a green tile tape; they are only partially preserved, the wall cladding consists only of a plastered surface. Above the tape was a cove that led to the ceiling. This is also only partially available. The plaster with which the ceiling was originally provided has also been destroyed, so that its construction is visible, which consists of narrowly spaced I-beams with concrete filling in between. The original lighting, with umbrella lights installed at regular intervals, was replaced by a continuous strip of fluorescent tubes .
The most distinctive element within the tunnel is the diversion of the footpath around an elongated pillar. The reason for the fork, at which the outer tunnel wall is inclined like a slope, is to ensure stability, since the ore elevated railway crosses the tunnel above ground here; The name "Erzhochbahnpfeiler" is based on this fact.
criticism
The Matenatunnel is in a shabby condition and in need of renovation. The entire building is crumbling, the plaster on the ceiling has fallen off, tiles are missing, the tunnel is marked by water damage and rotten stains. In a newspaper article in the Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung about the upcoming protection, the author Maike Maibaum described it as "one of the shabbiest buildings in the Ruhr area". She also wrote: "If you cast a nightmare in concrete, it would look like this". In 2007, Gerhard Klinkhardt described the Matenatunnel in the Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung under the heading “Pretty ugly” as “a piece of living industrial history” and “beloved dirty corner”.
It was planned to fill the entire interior of the tunnel with blast furnace slag by spring 2018 , whereby the structure of the tunnel as a whole will be preserved, but only the portal on Kaiser-Wilhelm-Straße is visible.
The implementation of this plan began at the end of 2017. The entire tunnel except for an approx. 12 m long section in the entrance area was filled with 15,000 tons of slag sand as planned. It has not been open to the public since then.
Web links
- Entry of this monument (number: 632) in the monument list of the city of Duisburg ( access )
- Tramtracks.de: Duisburg, Matenastraße. Documentation about the Matenatunnel with tunnel and the disused tram route.
Individual evidence
- ^ Gregor Herberhold: Schimanski tunnel in Duisburg will be closed forever. Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung , April 26, 2013, accessed April 26, 2013 .
- ↑ a b c Gerhard Klinkhardt: Pretty ugly. (No longer available online.) Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, April 14, 2007, archived from the original on May 23, 2016 ; Retrieved November 17, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c Duisburg: Matenastraße. (No longer available online.) Tramtracks.de, 2005, archived from the original on December 20, 2015 ; Retrieved November 17, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Gregor Herberhold: Schimanski in the Matena tunnel in Duisburg-Bruckhausen. Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, February 14, 2012, accessed on November 17, 2012 .
- ↑ Recognized as a monument. (No longer available online.) 1983 newspaper article, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved November 17, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Again and again joy in the sweeping alignment. (No longer available online.) Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung , May 27, 1983, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved November 18, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Maike Maibaum: Light at the end of the Matena tunnel. Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung , August 15, 2012, accessed on November 17, 2012 .
- ↑ Dennis Bechtel: The Duisburg Matena tunnel is disappearing. Neue Ruhr Zeitung , November 23, 2017, accessed on November 23, 2017 .
- ↑ The Matena tunnel in Duisburg-Bruckhausen is filled (from MyHeimat.de - citizens report from Duisburg)
