Mathew Gough

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Sir Mathew Gough ( Matthew Gough ; Mathau Goch ; * 1386 or 1390 ; † July 4 or 5, 1450 in London ) was a Welsh mercenary leader who fought for England in the Hundred Years War .

The exact origin of Mathew Goch is controversial, according to Howell Thomas Evans came from Maelor in the lower valley of the Dee River . His father was Owen Gough , Bailiff of the Manor of Hanmer , and his mother was a daughter of David Hanmer . According to other sources, he was a son of David Goch , the descendant of a Welsh lord from Bromfield in North East Wales. He was one of the many Welsh soldiers who fought as English soldiers during the Hundred Years' War in France after the rebellion of Owain Glyndŵr was put down. In 1423 he took part in the Battle of Cravant and in 1424 he fought at Verneuil . In 1429 he took part in the campaign to Anjou . In 1432 he was captured by the French at Sainte Ceneri , as was the siege of Saint Denis in 1435. After his release again, he served under John Fastolf and in 1440 took part in the reconquest of Harfleur. Under him the young William Herbert learned the craft of war. After the conclusion of the Treaty of Tours he should on the orders of the English King Henry VI. surrendered Anjou and Maine back to France, which he postponed until 1447. After the fighting began again, he was one of the English commanders in Normandy from 1449 under the command of Thomas Kyriel together with William Herbert, but had to retreat to Bayeux in 1450 after the defeat in the Battle of Formigny , which he finally handed over to Jean de Dunois had to.

Mathew Gough had commanded numerous French castles and towns, including Laval , Le Mans, and Bellême . As early as 1423 he was a commander of part of the English army, later he became a captain of one of the leaders of the English army. As a reward he received possessions at Rouen , Gisors , Caux and Harcourt , which he lost again when the English withdrew. Back in England he became Constable of the Tower in London with Thomas de Scales . He fell on London Bridge in early July fighting the Jack Cade rebels .

His deeds and death were celebrated by numerous Welsh bards .

literature

  • Ynyr Probert: Matthew Gough, 1390-1450 . In: Transactions of the Honorable Society of Cymmrodorion (1961) pp. 34-44

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Dictionary of Welsh Biography: GOUGH (GOCH), MATHEW (MATHAU). Retrieved November 22, 2017 .
  2. ^ Chevalier Lloyd: History of the Lordship of Maelor Gymraeg or Bromfield . In: Archaeologia Cambrensis; XVI, 1873, p. 313
  3. ^ David Walker: Medieval Wales . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1990. ISBN 978-0-521-31153-3 , p. 178
personal data
SURNAME Gough, Mathew
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gough, Matthew; Goch, Mathau
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Welsh mercenary leader
DATE OF BIRTH 1386 or 1390
DATE OF DEATH July 4th 1450 or July 5th 1450
Place of death London