Matthew Bible

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The Matthew Bible (English. Matthew Bible ), also known as Matthew's version is an English translation of the Bible , which was first published in 1537 under the pseudonym "Thomas Matthew". It consists of the complete New Testament and the Old Testament by William Tyndale (as far as he got with his Bible translation before his execution), completed by parts of the translation of the Old Testament by Myles Coverdale and the Apocrypha , with the exception of the Prayer of Manasseh ( Prayer of Manasses ). Today's English Bible translations go back to them through various levels of revision.

translation

The Matthew Bible combined translation work by three translators who had worked with a wide variety of sources in at least five languages.

The whole New Testament (first published in 1526 and later revised), the Pentateuch and, from David Daniell ’s point of view, the book of Joshua , the book of judges , the book of Ruth , the 1st book of Samuel , the 2nd book of Samuel , Book 1 of Kings , Book 2 of Kings , Book 1 of Chronicles, and Book 2 of Chronicles , was the work of William Tyndale . Tyndale worked directly with the Hebrew and Greek Bible text, occasionally consulting the Vulgate and the Latin version of Erasmus . He also used Luther's Bible for the forewords, marginal notes and the Bible text. The pseudonym "Thomas Matthew" was used because one had to hide from Henry VIII that a large part of the translation came from Tyndale.

The remaining books of the Old Testament, and the Apocrypha , were translations by Myles Coverdale, mainly from German and Latin sources.

Some historians like to portray Coverdale and Tyndale as competitors in achieving the full English translation of the Bible. In fact, they knew each other personally and occasionally worked together. Foxe mentions that both translated the Pentateuch in Hamburg as early as 1529 .

The Prayer of Manasseh ( Prayer of Manasseh ) was the work of John Rogers . Rogers translated from a French Bible that had been translated two years earlier (1535). Rogers, who compiled the entire Bible, added a foreword and some marginal notes, a calendar and an almanac to the Bible.

Of the three translators, two were burned at the stake. Tyndale was in on October 6, 1536 Vilvoorde ( Belgium executed). John Rogers was born on February 4, 1555 on the Smithfield ( England executed). He was the first to whom this fate under Mary I. happened. Thomas Cromwell engaged Myles Coverdale to work on the Great Bible of 1539, the first officially authorized English translation of the Bible.

Tyndale is considered to be the most talented of the three translators. According to Dr. Westcott begins "the history of the English Bible with the work of Tyndale, not that of Wycliffe ". The quality of his translation of the Bible stood the test of time and can still be found today in modern versions of the Bible. As Herbert wrote of the Matthew Bible, "this version [of the English Bible], which brings together the best work of Tyndale and Coverdale, is the true original English Bible". The Geneva Bible and the King James Version are based on it . According to David Daniell , scholars Jon Nielson and Royal Skousen observed that, according to ancient estimates, Tyndale's contribution to the King James Bible was 'between 90% (Westcott) and the lowest of 18% (Butterworth)'. Using statistical sampling based on 18 sections of the Bible, they concluded that Tyndale's contribution was around 83% of the text for the New Testament and 76% for the Old Testament. The long neglected Matthew Bible shaped the shape of the English Bible, because it obviously influenced the subsequent English versions of the Bible.

See also

Portal: Bible  - Overview of Wikipedia content on the subject of the Bible

Bible editions

  • The Matthew's Bible. 1537 edition [Facsimile] . Peabody, Massachusetts, Hendrickson Publishers, 2009, ISBN 978-1-59856-349-8

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ extremely rare, literally translated into German with: Matthäusbibel
  2. ^ Tyndale, William (transl.); Martin, Priscilla (Ed.): William Tyndale's New Testament with an Introduction by Priscilla Martin - Edition of 1534. Hertfordshire, 2002, page: xxi, line: 37 and see the Wikipedia article on David Daniell
  3. ↑ see: Tyndale, William (trans.); Martin, Priscilla (Ed.): William Tyndale's New Testament with an Introduction by Priscilla Martin - Edition of 1534. Hertfordshire, 2002, page: xvi
  4. ↑ see also: Daniell, David: William Tyndale. a biography. New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 1994, 114, line 33
  5. ↑ see also: Brockhaus Verlag / Vogel, Gudrun: The Brockhaus in six volumes . Mannheim / Leipzig, 2009, article: Tyndale, William
  6. ↑ see also: Bibliographisches Institut / Zwahr. A .: Meyer's large pocket dictionary . Mannheim, 2004, article: Tyndale, William
  7. ^ Probably Luther's German translation and the Vulgate (see: Tyndale, William; Martin, Priscilla: William Tyndale's New Testament with an Introduction by Priscilla Martin - Edition of 1534. Hertfordshire, 2002, page: xxi, line 18); for more see: Coverdale Bible
  8. ^ John Foxe: The Acts and Monuments of John Foxe. 1570 Edition, Book 11, p. 1695 ( online )
  9. ↑ Most likely, through investigations by agents of Henry VIII and his Anglican Church
  10. ↑ rarely translated literally into German with: Große Bibel
  11. ↑ History of the English Bible ( History of the English Bible )
  12. ^ AS Herbert: Historical Catalog of Printed Bibles 1525-1961. British and Foreign Bible Society and American Bible Society, 1968, SBN 564-00130-9, p. 18.
  13. ↑ probably also: written by John Nielson
  14. ^ Daniell, David: The Bible in English. History and Influence. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 2003, p. 448 and see the Wikipedia article on David Daniell

literature

  • Herbert, AS (1968) Historical Catalog of Printed Editions of the English Bible, 1525–1961 . London: British and Foreign Bible Society; New York: American Bible Society ISBN 0-564-00130-9

Web links