Manasseh's prayer

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The prayer of Manasse , prayer Manasses or prayer Manasse (scientific abbreviation OrMan, from Latin Oratio Manasse ) is a late writing of the Old Testament .

This 15-verse prayer , originally written in Greek , is a confession of sin from Hellenistic Judaism, which originated between the 2nd century before and the 1st century AD and was first attested in the 3rd century. It is placed in King Manasseh's mouth; the reason for this is the repentance of this king told in 2 Chr 33 : 11-19  EU and a note about his prayer (2 Chr 33, 12 f. 18 f.). In addition to the Greek version of the Septuagint , a different Syrian version has been handed down in the Didaskalia Apostolorum .

Among the writings found from the Dead Sea is a Hebrew prayer by Manasseh, but it has to do with the Oratio Manasseh only insofar as it documents the literary occupation with the figure Manasseh. A Hebrew Manasseh prayer was found in the Cairo Geniza , which is a late translation from the Greek.

In the text-critical Septuagint edition by Alfred Rahlfs (1st edition 1935, revised in 2008) it is listed as chapter 12 in the Book of Odes , with which Rahlfs follows the Codex Alexandrinus. In various Vulgate manuscripts, Manasseh's prayer was classified in 2 Chr 33 or listed as an addendum to the 2nd Chronicle. The prayer was translated into the Old Syrian , Old Slavonic , Ethiopian , Arabic, Coptic and Armenian languages.

The first German translation can be found in Luther's Brief Instruction on How to Confess from 1519 and probably goes back to Georg Spalatin . Luther added Manasseh's prayer after the Apocrypha as the closing prayer at the very end of the Old Testament.

In the Orthodox liturgy, it appears as sung prayer in Apodeipnon ( Compline ).

literature

  • Werner Georg Kümmel : Jewish writings from Hellenistic-Roman times. Volume 4: Poetic Writings, Delivery 1: Manasseh's Prayer [u. a.], 1974; 1977.
  • James Hamilton Charlesworth : Prayer of Manasseh. In: ders. (Ed.): The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha. Volume 2: Expansions of the “Old Testament” and Legends, Wisdom and Philosophical Literature, Prayers, Psalms and Odes, Fragments of Lost Judaeo-Hellenistic Works. Cambridge University Press, Garden City, New York 1985, ISBN 0-521-30190-4 , pp. 625-637.
  • Eva Oßwald: Manasseh's prayer. In: Werner Georg Kümmel , Hermann Lichtenberger (ed.): Jewish writings from the Hellenistic-Roman period. Volume 4: Poetic Writings. Gütersloher Verlags-Haus, Gütersloh 1983, ISBN 3-579-03944-X , pp. 15-28.

Web links

Wikisource: "Prayer of Manasse" in the translation by Paul Rießler  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jan Christian Gertz (Ed.): Basic information Old Testament. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 6th revised and expanded edition 2019, p. 586.
  2. ↑ a b c Jan Christian Gertz (Ed.): Basic information of the Old Testament. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 6th revised and expanded edition 2019, p. 585.
  3. ↑ Thomas Knittel:  Prayer Manasses. In: Michaela Bauks, Klaus Koenen, Stefan Alkier (Eds.): The Scientific Biblical Lexicon on the Internet (WiBiLex), Stuttgart 2006 ff.