Maurice L. Huggins

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Maurice Loyal Huggins (born September 19, 1897 in Berkeley (California) , † December 17, 1981 in Woodside (California) ) was an American chemist who is known for contributions to polymer chemistry and structural chemistry .

Life

Huggins studied at the University of California, Berkeley , where he received his diploma in 1920 (Master's Thesis Chemical Bonds ) and his doctorate in 1922 (The structure of benzene). He was also a student of Gilbert Newton Lewis at Berkeley . He was at Stanford Research Institute and Johns Hopkins University . From 1936 he worked for Eastman Kodak in Rochester. 1959 until his retirement in 1967 he was again at the Stanford Research Institute, where he became a manager.

He visited Japan frequently and was a Fulbright Lecturer there in 1955/56.

He and Paul Flory wrote the Flory-Huggins theory of the thermodynamics of polymer solutions (both published independently, Huggins a little earlier).

He was also one of the first to describe the hydrogen bond as a student of Lewis in 1919 . As explorers but are Wendell Mitchell Latimer and Worth Rodebush that it published in 1920 and were colleagues at Berkeley. He recognized early on the importance of hydrogen bonds for the stability of the secondary structure of proteins, for example in early models of the β-sheet (1937) and the alpha helix (1943). The models by Linus Pauling and Robert B. Corey , which Pauling developed from 1948 and published in a series of works from 1951, became known here primarily . Huggins worked with Pauling in the 1930s and encouraged him to study protein structures.

He received the Herman F. Mark Division of Polymer Chemistry Award in 1980 .

Fonts

  • Physical Chemistry of High Polymers, Wiley 1958
  • Hydrogen bridges in organic compounds, Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins 1936
  • Thermodynamic properties of solutions of long-chain compounds, Ann. New York Academy of Sciences, Volume 43, 1942, pp. 1-32
  • Some properties of solutions of long-chain compounds, J. Phys. Chem., Vol. 46, 1942, pp. 151-158
  • Theory of solutions of high polymers, J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol. 64, 1942, pp. 1712-1719

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Huggins, Solutions of Long Chain Compounds, Journal of Chemical Physics, Volume 9, May 1941, p. 440
  2. ↑ Flory, Thermodynamics of High Polymer Solutions, Journal of Chemical Physics, Volume 9, August 1941, p. 660, Science Citation Classics, pdf
  3. ↑ Huggins, 50 Years Theory of Hydrogen Bonding, Angewandte Chemie, Volume 83, 1971, pp. 163-168. He claims to have been the first to introduce the concept in his thesis in advanced inorganic chemistry at Berkeley in 1919. As a support he lists GN Lewis, Valence and the Structure of Atoms and Molecules, New York, 1923, p 109, who confirms this ( The idea was first suggested by Dr. ML Huggins and was also advanced by Latimer and Rodebush ). Huggins did not publish about it until 1922 (for example Science, Volume 55, 1922, p. 459, Phys. Rev., Volume 19, 1922, p. 346, J. Phys. Chem., Volume 26, 1922, p. 601) . Latimer and Rodebush themselves refer to Huggins in their original work (J. Am. Chem. Soc., Volume 42, 1920, p. 1419)
  4. ↑ Huggins, The structure of fibrous proteins, Chem. Rev., Volume 32, 1943, pp. 195-218
  5. ^ Arthur Greenberg, Chemistry Decade by Decade, Facts on File 2007, p. 154
personal data
SURNAME Huggins, Maurice L.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Huggins, Maurice Loyal (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American chemist
DATE OF BIRTH September 19, 1897
PLACE OF BIRTH Berkeley, California
DATE OF DEATH 17th December 1981
Place of death Woodside (California)