Mauser System 98

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Mauser System 98, lock
Mauser System 98, lock

The Mauser system 98 of the arms manufacturer Mauser is produced than 100 million to date more systems, the world's most produced weapon - locking system . The basis for the success of System 98 are, among other things, its simple construction, the material and manufacturing quality and the functional reliability of the system. The name is derived from 1898, the year the system was approved by the Prussian authorities - especially the rifle examination commission .

System description

Mauser System 98, lock - partially dismantled

The Mauser System 98 is a bolt action locking system developed for multi-loader rifles. However, it is also used in single-shot rifles and, to a lesser extent, in modified multi-loader rifles and small- caliber multi-loader shotguns .

The system consists of two main components, the locking cylinder or locking piece (lock for short) and the locking sleeve.

The firing pin and the firing pin spring with their holding devices are located inside the massive cylindrical locking piece. In the front part of the breech block there is the hole for the firing pin that shoots forward when the shot is released as the rear end of the cartridge chamber. Also on the front part of the lock there are two solid locking lugs for locking the lock. The assembly consisting of the firing pin, firing pin spring and safety unit is screwed into the rear part of the breech block . On the side of the locking piece in the rear part of the bolt handle (straight or curved depending on the function) with bolt handle ball. The extractor is also mounted on the side of the locking piece with a movably mounted ring . The movable mounting is necessary because the position of the extractor does not change within the locking sleeve during the repeating process.

The barrel containing the cartridge chamber is screwed into the front part of the locking case . If necessary, for fine adjustment and adaptation to the length of the ammunition used , the distance between the cartridge chamber and the breech is adjusted with spacers. In the middle of the locking sleeve there are openings, down to the magazine / magazine box and upwards as an ejection window for the cartridges / cartridge cases repeating out of the system . The locking piece is inserted into the rear open part of the locking sleeve. An unintentional slipping out of the breechblock backwards when repeating (loading through) is prevented by a corresponding safety device on the breechblock.

functionality

Mauser System 98, latch, cocked - secured, unlocked

In preparation for firing a shot, a cartridge is taken from the magazine / magazine box by the forward movement (forward pushing) of the breech inside the breech sleeve by means of the bolt handle and fed (loaded) to the chamber in the barrel. Rotating the lock to the right with the help of the bolt locks the system by means of the two locking lugs in the front part of the locking sleeve. The system is already tensioned by opening the lock beforehand.

Only in the cocked / locked state can the safety be actuated, if necessary, by moving the safety wing of the safety unit at the end of the breech from left to right, whereby the firing pin is held in its cocked (rear) position by the safety, thus preventing unintentional firing. For dismantling, the locking wing is brought into the middle, upright position. The firing pin is also secured in this position, but the bolt can be opened. The breech can only be released by firing a shot or closing the cocked breech with the trigger previously pulled and held. However, this is only possible when the system is unlocked.

After the shot has been fired or to repetition unused ammunition , the bolt is turned slightly to the left by means of the bolt handle, which unlocks the bolt. At the same time, the closure is tensioned by supporting the bolt stem on the closure sleeve. This means that the firing pin is pulled back and the firing pin spring is tensioned. The breech is pulled back inside the breech on the bolt handle, the extractor pulling the empty cartridge case or the non-fired cartridge from the chamber and ejecting it through the upper opening of the breech.

Guns with Mauser 98 systems have a magazine capacity of four to five rounds, depending on the caliber used . In systems with a magazine box, they are stored on a loading strip or individually from above through the openings in the locking sleeve. In systems with a separate magazine, this is locked into corresponding modifications on the locking sleeve from below.

By repeating ( repetition ) This function processes this type takes its name from systems, " repeating system ".

History of use of the 98 system

Predecessor models of the 98 rifles

1888 - After the Gewehr 88 was introduced into the Prussian army, but did not have a good reputation in terms of quality and safety and had to be constantly improved, the call for a new, more reliable weapon soon became loud.

1889 - Mauser delivered his model to Belgium in 1889, the same (only without barrel jacket)

1891 - to Argentina, both in caliber 7.65 × 53.5 mm , later referred to as 7.65 Belgian or 7.65 Argentine, Turkey also ordered rifles in this caliber

1893 - In terms of development, the Spanish rifle from 1893 led directly to the Model 98 and its testing in the Prussian army.

1893 - The Ottoman Empire purchased Mauser rifles.

1894 - Brazil's army introduced the new Mauser rifles.

1894 - Sweden decided to order the new carbines from Mauser, caliber 6.5 × 55 mm

1895 - Chile purchased 7 × 57 mm Mauser rifles

Rifle 98

1898 - The Gewehr 98 received approval from the Prussian authorities and was introduced as "Model 98" in caliber 8 × 57 ( 7.92 × 57 mm ). It was the forerunner of the carabiner 98 and the standard rifle of the German soldiers in the First World War . After the end of the war in 1918, thousands of rifles 98 were stored for future use. Although replaced by the 98k carbine, this weapon was in service in the Weimar Republic and the Third Reich until 1945.

Model 98

variants

  • G98 infantry rifle
  • Carabiner 98A
  • Karabiner 98AZ (= K98a)
  • Carabiner 98b
  • K98 (Poland)

Manufacturing facilities for 98 systems and rifles

100th anniversary of the 98 system

1998 - For the centenary of the 98 model, four special models were produced:

  1. Collector's series of the 98 Infantry Rifle, limited to 1898 pieces
  2. Collector's series of the 98K carbine, limited to 1898 pieces
  3. Limited to 100 pieces of the Magnum rifle in the style of the 1930s, in caliber .375 Holland & Holland
  4. Special series of the Magnum rifle in the style of the 1930s, in .416 Rigby caliber, limited to 100 pieces

Resumption of production of 98 systems

1999 - Production of the 98 systems resumed as the M98 and M98 Magnum hunting rifles based on production drawings from 1936.

Successor to the 98 rifles

  • Mauser: Model M03 (2003)

Rifle license production with the 98 system

  • "Argentinier" rifle 1909, caliber 7.65 × 53.5 mm, (Mauser Modelo Argentino 1909)
  • "Belgier" - short carabiner model 24/98, Fabrique Nationale d'Armes de Guerre (FN)
  • "Spanier" rifle model 1919, Santa Barbara
  • "Spanier" carabiner model 1946, Santa Barbara
  • Further
  • "Sweden Mauser" - Carl Gustav M96 / M94

  • Carl Gustav M96 / M94, system unstressed

  • Carl Gustav M96 / M94, system cocked and unsecured

  • Carl Gustav M96 / M94, lock cocked and removed

  • Carl Gustav M96 / M94, lock partially dismantled

  • Santa Barbara FRI 8

  • FR 8, system tensioned and unsecured

  • FR 8, system open

  • FR 8, system open

  • FR 8, system tensioned and unsecured

Rifle exports with the 98 system

  • 1938 - Mauser Gewehr 98 to Persia , caliber 8 × 57 mm IS

Loot weapons with the 98 system

  • Rifle model 98, caliber 8 × 57 mm IS, 1904, Deutsche Waffen und Munitionsfabriken (DWM)
  • Rifle vz. 24, caliber 8 × 57 mm IS, CZ-BRNO, CSSR (identical to Mauser 98)
  • Carabiner wz. 29/40, caliber 8 × 57 mm IS
  • Gewehr 98, caliber 8 × 57 mm IS, Turkey 1938
  • Karabiner 98k, model 44, caliber 8 × 57 mm IS, Yugoslavia, 1944

Military conversions of rifles with the 98 system

Civil conversion of rifles with the 98 system

Caliber used for the original 98 system

Pistol caliber

Rifle caliber

  • .243 Winchester
  • 6.5 x 55 mm
  • 6.5 x 57 mm
  • 6.5 x 65 mm
  • .270 Win
  • 7 mm Remington Magnum
  • 7 × 57 mm
  • 7 × 64 mm
  • 7.62 × 39 mm
  • 7.62 × 51 mm NATO (.308 Winchester)
  • .30-06 Springfield
  • .300 Winchester Magnum
  • 7.65 x 53.5 mm
  • 8 × 57 mm
  • 8 × 64 mm
  • 8 × 68 mm
  • 8 × 68 mm S.
  • .338 Lapua Magnum
  • 9.3 x 62 mm
  • 9.3 x 64 mm
  • .375 Holland & Holland
  • .404 Jeffrey
  • .416 Rigby
  • .416 Remington Magnum
  • .425 Westley-Richards
  • .450 / 400 Nitro Express
  • .450 Dakota
  • .458 Lott
  • .465 Holland & Holland
  • .470 Nitro Express
  • .458 Winchester Magnum
  • .45-70 Government
  • .500 / 416 Nitro Express
  • .500 / 465 Nitro Express
  • .500 Jeffry / student
  • .500 Nitro Express
  • .505 Gibbs
  • .577 Nitro Express
  • .50 Beowulf
  • .458 Lott
  • .460 Weatherby Magnum
  • .500 Jeffrey
  • .600 NE
  • .700 NE

Shotgun caliber

  • 24 / ×
  • 16x65
  • 20 / ×

See also

literature

  • Frank De Haas Bolt Action Rifles , DBI Books, 1995, ( Mauser Systems on pages 100 ff. )
  • Sebastian Thiem: Ottoman imports. Side rifles 88 and 98 for Turkey. In: DWJ (formerly: Deutsches Waffen Journal) 7/2014, pp. 88–93.
  • Sebastian Thiem: First long, then short. Assault rifle 84/98. In: DWJ (formerly: Deutsches Waffen Journal) 6/2014, pp. 88–93.
  • Peter Dannecker, Wolfgang Finze, Egon Thiel and others: System 98 repeater family. Development & history, technology & collecting, military, sport & hunting. VS-Medien GmbH, Bad Ems 2010, ISBN 978-3-9812481-7-3 .
  • Dieter Storz : Gewehr & Karabiner 98. The firearms 98 of the German Reichsheer from 1898 to 1918. (Catalogs of the Bavarian Army Museum Ingolstadt 4), Militaria-Verlag, Vienna 2006, ISBN 3-902526-04-1 .
  • Friedrich Graf: Karabiner 98 short. Technical study of the changes made by Mauser Werke AG Oberndorf / Neckar to the Karabiner 98 short (K98k) in the war years 1939 to 1945. Journal Verlag Schwend, Schwäbisch Hall 2000, ISBN 3-935210-12-4 .
  • Richard D. Law: K [Arab] 98k as sniper weapons. License issue. Stocker-Schmid, Dietikon-Zurich 1998, ISBN 3-7276-7130-0 .

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