Max Tribus
Max Tribus (born January 4, 1900 in Fügen (Zillertal) ; † May 1, 1983 in Innsbruck ) was a Tyrolean director and playwright .
Life
The son of a district judge grew up in Fügen in the Zillertal. The events in the kuk district court were not hidden from the boy and aroused his interest in dramatic events early on. The rural village life of Fügen , firmly rooted in Catholicism , with its diverse traditions shaped him.
He later attended high school in Hall and Innsbruck. Tribus seemed destined to follow in his father's footsteps and become the fourth generation of Tyrolean judges. But family blows of fate and the turmoil of the time forced him to drop out of law school in 1920. He then worked as an accounting intern in the Innsbruck tax office . His job as a tax officer served Tribus all his life as a mere livelihood, his real passion always remained the theater .
In the early 1920s he founded the Old German Folk and Fairy Tale Games in Innsbruck with Herta Schweiggl. In addition to his own activity as an actor, he was also interested in the game management . In those years Tribus also took up his work as a theater reviewer . In 1924 Tribus married Herta Schweiggl from Innsbruck, who supported his work. The artist couple had two children, Helmut and Edda.
In 1925 Tribus moved to Feldkirch . Tribus found an inspiring environment in the Feldkirch artist circle around Adalbert Welte and stepbrothers Ferdinand and Eugen Andergassen . Herta Tribus often took on the leading role, for example in 1925 in the open-air performance "Um's Paradies" by Gorbach. In 1926, Tribus staged the first large open-air performance at Tosner Castle, "Das Tellspiel der Schweizerbauer" by J. Weinrich with Adalbert Welte and Eugen Andergassen in the leading roles.
In the following years he expanded his activities as a game director at the Feldkircher and Rankweiler Festival. Tribus' productions, often with over 100 participants, caused a sensation. In 1934, at the performance of Anna Linder-Knecht's pilgrimage play "St. Fridolin", Tribus had over 200 amateur actors and singers perform in front of the romantic backdrop of the Rankweiler castle church.
In 1939 Tribus was transferred to Innsbruck and since then has also started to write his own pieces. In 1943 it caused a scandal in Innsbruck after Gauleiter Hofer had attended the second performance of his play "The Girl of Spinges". Hofer demanded that he rewrite the "pacifist" final scene in the sense of National Socialist ideology. Tribus opposed this request. The piece was then immediately discontinued and tribes were drafted into the military.
After the war , Tribus was best known in North and South Tyrol with his "Mädchen von Spinges" and the popular "little Notburga game", which he often staged himself . Over 10,000 spectators came to the "great Notburga game" at the Rattenberger Schlossspiele in 1965.
In later years Tribus put his experience at the service of the Innsbruck working group for popular theater and amateur theater of the Catholic Action. As a game advisor for the state of Tyrol, he led game weeks and popular game conferences. Max Tribus is the father of the poet Helmut Tribus (* 1927).
plant
Tribus tried early on to replace the traditional, naturalistic club theater with contemporary Christian-German amateur theater. He worked on historical material from Tyrolean history as well as religious topics. His pieces, some serious, some cheerful, written in Tyrolean dialect, are shaped by a Christian worldview . Exact knowledge of the Tyrolean way of thinking and living, fresh language and powerful productions made his plays popular and established Tribus' rank as an original representative of Tyrolean folk drama .
"Our festivals back then were folk games in the truest sense of the word, brought about and designed by the population themselves and for their benefit and piety", quoted from Max Tribus: Meine Leben- und Familiengeschichte , Innsbruck 1978.
Productions (selection)
- 1925, Feldkirch: Horror drama "The miller and his child" by E. Raupach
- 1926, Feldkirch: "Lumpacivagabundus" by J. Nestroy
- 1926, Tosner Burg: "Das Tellspiel der Schweizerbauer" by J. Weinrich
- 1927, Feldkirch: ancient Flemish miracle game "Mariechen von Nymwegen"
- 1928, Feldkirch: "Emanuel" mystery play by Albert Drexel
- 1932, Feldkirch: "Jedermann" by Hugo von Hofmannsthal
- 1933, Feldkirch: "The Guardian Angel Game" by Max Mell
- 1934, Rankweil: "Fridolinspiel" by Anna Linder-Knecht
- 1935, Rankweil: "Sigmund-Nachbauer-Spiel" by Anna Linder-Knecht
- 1935, Feldkirch: "The great world theater" by Hugo von Hofmannsthal
Own works (selection)
- 1939: "Philippine Welser. Ambraser Schloßspiel"
- 1941: "The forged guilder slip - Franz von Defregger". Graz 1941
- 1942: "Peter Anich" (first performance Landestheater Innsbruck 1942)
- 1942: "The girl from Spinges" (first performance Exl-stage Innsbruck 1942)
- 1943: "Josef Madersberger". Innsbruck 1943
- 1946: "Jesus of Nazareth, the Messiah King" (first performance Landestheater Innsbruck 1946)
- 1948: "The little emergency game"
- 1953: "The great Notburga game". (First performance at the Schlossbergspiele Rattenberg 1953)
- 1958: "Hans von Pienzenau. Kufsteiner Schloßspiel"
- 1959: "When the Kaiser came. Fügener Heimatspiel"
- 1959: "Maximilian I, Prince and Emperor". Innsbruck 1959
- 1960: "Zillertaler Heimatspiel"
- 1965: "Der Teufel von Finkenberg" radio play, together with Herta Tribus
Awards
- 1937: Illustrazione Vaticana, film award (with Herta Tribus) for the subject of the film "Mother Veronika"
- 1981: Merit Medal of the State of Tyrol
- 1981: Passion Play Prize Merano for "Messiaskönig"
- 1982: Decoration of Honor for Art and Culture of the City of Innsbruck
literature
- Holzmann, Hermann (Hrsg.): Creative Tyrol. 3rd episode. Poetry. University bookstore Wagner, Innsbruck 1963
- Textbook: "Junge Saat" Innsbruck 1966
- Textbook: "Frohe Fahrt", Innsbruck 1969
- Bortenschlager, Wilhelm : Mysteries u. Festival. Tyrolean dramas and dramatists in the 20th century , St. Michael 1982
- Killy, Walter (Ed.): Authors and works in the German language, literature lexicon , Volume 11. Bertelsmann Verlag GmbH Gütersloh / Munich 1991
- Tribus, Max: My life and family history , Innsbruck 1978
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Tribe, max |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian director and playwright |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 4th January 1900 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Fuegen (Zillertal) |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 1, 1983 |
| Place of death | innsbruck |