Maximilian II. Erbstollen

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Maximilian II. Erbstollen
General information about the mine
Information about the mining company
Start of operation May 20, 1844
End of operation 1925
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Hematite , limonite
Geographical location
Coordinates 47 ° 50 '3.2 "  N , 12 ° 46' 18.5"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 50 '3.2 "  N , 12 ° 46' 18.5"  E.
Maximilian II. Erbstollen (Bavaria)
Maximilian II. Erbstollen
Location Maximilian II. Erbstollen
Location west of Achthal
local community Teisendorf
District ( NUTS3 ) Berchtesgadener Land
country Free State of Bavaria
Country Germany

The Maximilian II. Erbstollen (also King Maximilian II. Erbstollen ) is a listed hereditary tunnel . Its mouth hole in trench wood near Achthal is lined with stone blocks and is now closed.

history

The iron ore mining on Teisenberg began with the establishment of the “ Achthal Iron Union ” on October 2nd, 1537 by the Salzburg Archbishop Cardinal Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg .

After the signing of the Paris Treaty in 1810 and the Munich Treaty in 1816, the union's operations were on Bavarian soil. The Bavarian government revoked the recognition as a noble trade union. The ban on exporting iron to Austria, which was previously the union's main buyer, had worse consequences. Conversely, there was no import ban. After a very changeable time at the beginning of the 19th century, the union got into a difficult financial situation. On July 28, 1820, at a trade union meeting, the union was reorganized, which was now called the "Achthal and Hammerau Union".

At that time, mining concentrated mainly on four corridor deposits near Neukirchen am Teisenberg , which were mined by 44 miners . Mined ores were smelted in Achthal, temporarily in Röhrenbach, and further processed in Hammerau.

The new statutes of 1820 were confirmed at a trade union meeting in 1823 and the construction of an ore adit and a deeper hereditary adit was discussed. Despite the continued high financial burden, the union remained in loot . After preparatory work, it was finally decided in 1842 to build a tunnel, but not according to the original plan. The Erbstollen should now meet the Ulrich flöz in 1160 fathoms straight from Achthal and secure the continued existence of the Karolinenhütte, which was built from 1824, for 200 years.

The hereditary tunnel belonging to the building of hope was excavated with the help of shooting from May 20, 1844 . It ran 31 Salzburger Lachter under the Christoph underground tunnel . The conglomerate tailings accumulating during the driveway was partly processed into millstones.

From October 2nd, 1854, it was officially named "King Maximilian II. Erbstollen" to honor King Maximilian II .

The Erbstollen was inaugurated on July 15, 1855. The celebrations took place at the miners and smelters' band Maria Schnee . A cast iron medal was minted for the occasion.

On April 11, 1871, the hanging wall of the Ulrich seam was reached after a distance of 2001.3 m. The Erbstollen was built in masonry and received a conveyor track , initially made of oak, later made of cast iron.

Only six years later the union found itself again in a deep crisis. Only 11 miners were still working in Achthal. As a result of the lifting of the iron tariffs, there were high write-offs and discussions were held for the first time on the dissolution of the union. In the period that followed, there was a new renovation. Pig iron production was further reduced in Achthal. Operations in Neukirchen were discontinued because the mine could now be driven through the tunnel. A short time later, operations in the Christoph underground tunnel were discontinued and funded exclusively through the heritage tunnel. The number of miners decreased to 6.

After a brief boom in the early 1890s, the union applied for a loan and other measures from the Bavarian government in 1895, while in 1898 it took out a mortgage loan. In 1900, all applications were rejected by the Bavarian government.

In 1901 the Christophflöz was approached with important ore resources and unexpected donors kept the union alive. The Hammerau and Käferham plants were sold in 1906, which led to a further improvement in the financial situation. Nevertheless, a silent liquidation was discussed and advice was given on whether to continue or sell the union.

On November 22nd, 1919, the "Achthal-Hammerau-Hohenaschau Iron Union" was finally liquidated and the mine was taken over by the Bavarian state for 375,000 marks. In 1925 the mining near Achthal was finally stopped.

literature

  • Adolf von Morlot : sequence of layers from Teisendorf . In: Wilhelm Haidinger (Ed.): Reports on the communications from friends of the natural sciences in Vienna . tape 1 . Braumüller and Seidel, Vienna 1847, p. 31-34 .
  • Sidonie Freiin von Maretich (ed.): Directory of the coin and medal collection left in Vienna by the Imperial and Royal Major General Eduard Freiherrn von Maretich de Riv-Alpon, Part II . JG Calve'sche Buchhandlung, Vienna 1863.
  • Johann Jakob Leitzmann (Ed.): Guide in the field of German coinage . GF Grossmann'sche Buchhandlung, Weißensee 1869.
  • Heinrich Haag: Presentation of the economic conditions of the district running in Upper Bavaria . E. Mühlthaler, Munich 1870.
  • Georg Mussoni: The Eisengewerkschaft Achtal. An old Salzburg stock company. 1537-1919 . In: Gesellschaft für Salzburger Landeskunde (Ed.): Communications from the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies . tape 60 . Verlag der Gesellschaft, Salzburg 1920, p. 1-32 .
  • Ulrike Duda: German Economic Archives . tape 3 . Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 3-515-05342-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Haag: Presentation of the economic conditions in the district of Laufen in Upper Bavaria. 1870, p. 44 f.
  2. ↑ a b c d Mussoni: The Eisengewerkschaft Achtal. In: Communications from the Society for Regional Studies in Salzburg. , Volume 60, 1920, p. 13 f.
  3. ↑ Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments, Teisendorf Monument List, p. 5. (PDF) Retrieved February 25, 2016 .
  4. ↑ a b c Chiemgau sheets, The Achthaler Knappenkapelle. (PDF) Retrieved February 25, 2016 .
  5. ↑ Mussoni: The Eisengewerkschaft Achtal. In: Communications from the Society for Regional Studies in Salzburg. , Volume 60, 1920, p. 6 f.
  6. ^ A b Mussoni: The Eisengewerkschaft Achtal. In: Communications from the Society for Regional Studies in Salzburg. , Volume 60, 1920, p. 6 f.
  7. ^ Duda: Deutsche Wirtschaftsarchive , Volume 3, 1991, p. 308.
  8. ^ From Morlot: sequence of layers from Teisendorf. In: Reports on the communications from friends of the natural sciences in Vienna. , Volume 1, 1847, p. 32.
  9. ↑ von Maretich: Directory of the coin and medal collection left in Vienna by the Imperial and Royal Major General Eduard Freiherrn von Maretich de Riv-Alpon, Part II. 1863, p. 11.
  10. ↑ Leitzmann: Guide to the field of German coinage. 1869, p. 408.
  11. ↑ Mussoni: The Eisengewerkschaft Achtal. In: Communications from the Society for Regional Studies in Salzburg. , Volume 60, 1920, p. 20.
  12. ↑ Mussoni: The Eisengewerkschaft Achtal. In: Communications from the Society for Regional Studies in Salzburg. , Volume 60, 1920, p. 24.
  13. ↑ Mussoni: The Eisengewerkschaft Achtal. In: Communications from the Society for Regional Studies in Salzburg. , Volume 60, 1920, p. 25.