Almaty Metro
| Basic data | |
| Country | Kazakhstan |
|---|---|
| city | Almaty |
| opening | December 1, 2011 |
| Lines | 1 |
| Route length | 11.3 km |
| Stations | 9 |
| use | |
| Shortest cycle | 8 minutes |
| Passengers | 6.6 million |
| vehicles | 4-car trains from Hyundai Rotem |
| operator | Almatymetrokurylys |
| Gauge | 1520 mm |
| Power system | Power rail , direct current , 825 V. |
The Metro Almaty ( Kazakh Алматы метросы / Almaty metrosy , Russian Алматинский метрополитен / Almatinski metropoliten ) is the metro of the Kazakh city of Almaty . It was planned for many years and has been under construction since 1988 before the first section opened on December 1, 2011. It is (as of 2019) the only metro system in Kazakhstan and the second in Central Asia after the Tashkent metro in Uzbekistan .
history
In September 1988, the groundbreaking ceremony for the future metro took place in the capital of the Kazakh SSR of the Soviet Union, then called Alma-Ata . However, shortly after construction began, Kazakhstan declared its independence from the USSR and, as a result, became a sovereign state in 1991. After the slow start of work at the end of the 1980s, it was 1992 and 1993 in which metro construction enjoyed the best financing and made the fastest progress. After that, however, the construction of the metro slowed down until it came to a virtual standstill at the end of the 1990s. Another problem arose in 1997 with the financing of the metro, when the Kazakh government moved its capital to Aqmola, called Astana since 1998 and Nur-Sultan since 2019 . There, a relatively small town became the capital of the country within a few years, and the major projects there were given priority over investments in the old capital Almaty. Nevertheless, the project was not abandoned.
After Kazakhstan's economy experienced a significant upturn, not least due to the rich raw material deposits, new life returned to the project. In the meantime, the construction of the metro had to be outsourced to foreign investors and construction companies that changed several times , which resulted in the Almaty Metro Monorail project . It planned to complete the first subway section under construction according to old plans, but to realize the upcoming route extensions as an above-ground or elevated monorail and not, as finally realized, as a traditional underground metro according to Soviet standards.
On December 1, 2011, the subway opened with seven stations more than 23 years after the groundbreaking ceremony . A 2.74 km long section with the Sairan and Mäskeu stations was built to the west of the operating line and opened on April 18, 2015. Another construction phase in the west of the city with the Saryarqa and Dostyk stations is under construction and should open in mid-2021 at the latest.
Plans for the further expansion of the line are already in progress. An extension of the line to the stations Qalqaman and Batys awtowoksaly (German: Western bus station) in the district of Nauryzbai is planned . At the future terminus of the line, a traffic junction with a bus station is to be built north of Rajymbek Prospect at the level of Bäiken-Äschimow-Straße. Construction work is scheduled to begin in the third quarter of 2021 and last until 2025.
route
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Initially, a right-angled route with seven stations and a length of 8.3 km (operating length 7.6 km) was completed. With the exception of the two end stations, the line is designed in a deep position and equipped with three-tube stations. Rajymbek batyr was built as a simply vaulted station at a shallower depth, Alatau as a four-track station ( advance payment for the planned second line). To the north of the line (behind the Rajymbek batyr station ) an overground extension is planned, and to the west an underground extension. In the broader perspective, a second route should cross the first at the Alatau and Schibek Scholy stations .
The first section with seven stations went into operation on December 1, 2011. The vehicles were delivered in summer 2010.
| line | route | Installation | length | Stations | status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Rajymbek batyr ↔ Mäskeu | 2011-2015 | 11.3 km | 9 | in operation (extensions in construction and planning) |
Construction
Similar to the Tashkent Metro, the Almatys Metro is located in an area with high seismic activity. That is why tunnels and stations are being built in earthquake-proof constructions, as they have already been tested in Tashkent. The tunnel is driven by shield driving with cast iron and reinforced concrete segments , as they were and are also used in other Soviet metros.
Web links
- Metro Almaty website (Kazakh and Russian)
- Almaty. In: Urbanrail.net . Retrieved July 8, 2013 .
- Metro Almaty: Line 1 stations. In: transphoto.ru . Retrieved July 8, 2013 (Russian).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Wolf: Metros, U-Bahn, Subways , p. 26
- ↑ На строительство метро в Алматы выделили ещё 2 млрд тенге. informburo.kz, accessed on August 15, 2019 (Russian).
- ↑ Пассажирский комплекс появится в Алматы. Как прошли слушания по его строительству ?. informburo.kz, accessed on August 15, 2019 (Russian).
- ↑ Alma-Ata, Almaty. In: transphoto.ru . Retrieved July 8, 2013 (Russian).