Mutiny in shipping

The mutiny on the Bounty is the world's most famous mutiny.

The mutiny in shipping is the disobedience of members of the ship's crew. For centuries she was almost always punished with death.

“An order you carry out is service. An order that you do not obey is mutiny, ”is said to have been a saying by British sailors of the 18th and early 19th centuries.

Situation in Germany

The Seemannsgesetz (SeemG) referred to mutiny when troop units or ship crews jointly resist one or more superiors when taking measures to maintain safety and order on board and use or threaten violence. Often, however, all offenses according to § 115 and § 116 SeemG were referred to as mutiny , that is, "non-compliance with official instructions" and "resistance".

Since 2013, Section 146 (1) in conjunction with Section 145 ( 1) no.16 , Section 124 (1) sentence 2 of the Maritime Labor Act (SeearbG) has punished the willful failure to comply with an enforceable order issued by a superior in the exercise of his shipboard authority and the related thereto serves to ward off an imminent danger to people, to the ship or its cargo, to prevent serious disruptions to ship operations or to comply with regulations on ship safety, with imprisonment of up to five years or with a fine.

Situation in Austria

In Austria, the collective offense of “coercing a superior” (Section 47 SeeSchFG) and “mistreating a superior” (Section 48 SeeSchFG) is punished as mutiny in ship service (Section 49 SeeSchFG).

List of mutinies

Well-known mutinies took place on the following ships, among others:

1520: Victoria , San Antonio , Concepion on Ferdinand Magellan's first circumnavigation of the world

1628: Batavia

1763: Mutiny on the Nijenburg

1789: Mutiny on the Bounty

1797: Mutinies of Spithead and Nore

1842: USS Somers

1905: Knjas Potjomkin Tavritscheski

1917: SMS Prinzregent Luitpold and SMS Friedrich the Great (sailors Reichpietsch and Köbis )

1918: SMS Helgoland and SMS Thuringia , then on SMS König and many other ships in the ocean-going fleet

1931: Invergordon Mutiny in Great Britain

1945: M 612 , a minesweeper of the German Navy

1975: Storoschewoi (Сторожевой), Kriwak-class frigate of the Soviet Navy - basis for the film The Hunt for Red October .

literature

Leonard F. Guttridge: Mutiny - Rebellions on Board. Urbes Verlag, Graefelfing 1996. ISBN 3-924896-35-6 .

Web links

Wikisource: Mutiny on a United States Warship - Sources and Full Texts

Peter Blechschmidt: Marine under pressure: “Mutiny” on the “Gorch Fock.” Süddeutsche Zeitung , January 20, 2011.
Patrick Schmidt: Seafaring Disobedience in the Early Modern Era - the example of the Royal Navy in the years 1669–1745 Research project of the Gerda Henkel Foundation , 2020.

Individual evidence

^ Mutiny is a criminal offense, Hamburger Abendblatt , January 19, 2012.
^ Trial of mutiny in the navy Deutsche Welle , September 24, 2013.
^ Mutiny on the ship: Marines before the Augsburger Allgemeine court , September 24, 2013.

↑ Federal Maritime Act (Seeschifffahrtsgesetz - SeeSchFG) RIS , accessed on August 3, 2020.

↑ The mutiny. April 2, 1520 - April 7, 1520 Stefan Zweig : Magellan: Der Mann und seine Tat , Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, 1983, pp. 159–177. zeno.org, accessed on August 3, 2020.

↑ Seafaring: Ship of Horror. Der Spiegel , January 13, 1997.

[1] Mutiny is a criminal offense, Hamburger Abendblatt , January 19, 2012.

[2] Trial of mutiny in the navy Deutsche Welle , September 24, 2013.

[3] Mutiny on the ship: Marines before the Augsburger Allgemeine court , September 24, 2013.

[4] Federal Maritime Act (Seeschifffahrtsgesetz - SeeSchFG) RIS , accessed on August 3, 2020.

[5] The mutiny. April 2, 1520 - April 7, 1520 Stefan Zweig : Magellan: Der Mann und seine Tat , Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, 1983, pp. 159–177. zeno.org, accessed on August 3, 2020.

[6] Seafaring: Ship of Horror. Der Spiegel , January 13, 1997.