Michał Maksymilian Borwicz

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Michał Maksymilian Borwicz , as Maksymilian Boruchowicz (born October 11, 1911 in Krakow , Austria-Hungary ; died August 31, 1987 in Paris ) was a Polish-French Holocaust researcher.

Michał Maksymilian Borwicz

Life

Maksymilian Boruchowicz came from a secularized Jewish family in which Yiddish was no longer spoken. He studied philosophy at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, but did not obtain a degree. He published several literary works, including a novel, in the 1930s.

After the German-Soviet conquest of Poland in 1939, it came to the Soviet-controlled eastern Poland and after the German invasion of the Soviet Union under the German occupation. In October 1942 he was imprisoned in the Lemberg-Janowska forced labor camp . He escaped in September 1943 and joined the Polish Home Army as Michał Borwicz . In the Armia Krajowa he took command of an armed unit.

Even before the end of the war he worked with Nella Rost and Joseph Wulf in Krakow for the Jewish Historical Commission of Poland , for which Józef Kermisz, Philip Friedman , Nachman Blumental , and Abba Kovner , had taken the initiative in Lublin in August 1944 . In the Kraków trial of Amon Göth , he and Blumental were the reporters for the Jewish witnesses.

Borwicz and Wulf did not return to Poland from a trip to Sweden on behalf of the institute in early 1947, as they saw themselves threatened by political developments in Poland. in June they had traveled on to Paris and gave lectures there criticizing the falsification of the history of the Zionist resistance by the Polish communists in favor of a proletarian resistance demanded by communist ideology. During this time Borwicz and Wulf were enemies for a long time, in 1966 he persecuted Wulf with a diatribe, who had moved to West Berlin as a freelance Holocaust researcher and thus avoided Borwicz.

Borwicz joined the socialist workers' party and studied sociology at the Sorbonne , where he received his doctorate in 1953. In the following years he published numerous studies on the German policy of extermination of the Jews and the Jewish resistance, but he did not gain access to established academic science. He became a prominent figure in the Polish community in exile in Paris. Borwicz never missed a dispute and in 1984 proved to Marek Halter , a Jewish exile from Poland, who was born in 1936 , that his autobiographical novel La mémoire d'Abraham had been dramatized in some places.

Fonts

in Polish
  • Brzozowski i Malraux . Essay. Lwów 1937
  • Fizjologia rozpaczy i nihilizmu . Kraków 1937
  • Miłość i rasa . Roman, Kraków 1938
  • Uniwersytet zbirów . Study, Kraków 1946 [University of the Executioners]
  • Literatura w obozie . Essay, Kraków 1946
  • Ze śmiercią na ty. Z glosami St. Dobrowolskiego i Lucjana Motyki . Roman, Warszawa: Spółdz. Wydawn. Wiedza 1946
  • (Ed.): "Piesn ujdzie calo ...": Antologia wierzszy o zydach pod okupacja niemiecka . Warszawa: Centralna zydowska komisja historyczna przy CK zydow w Polsce 1947
  • Bigos hultajski p. J. Wulfa aka Tomcia . Paris: Michał Borwicz 1966
in French
  • Ecrits des condamnés à mort sous l'occupation allemande . Paris: Gallimard, 1954 [dissertation 1953]
  • 1000 ans de la vie Juive en Pologne . Paris 1955
  • Aryan Papers . 3 volumes. Buenos Aires 1955
  • L 'Insurrection du Ghetto de Varsovie . Paris: Julliard, 1966
  • El ghetto de Varsovia . Vilassar de Mar: Oikos Tau, 1992
  • Vies interdites . Paris: Casterman, 1969
  • Le Cas de Marek Holder . Paris: Impr. IMPO, 1984

literature

  • Klaus Kempter : Joseph Wulf. A historian's fate in Germany . Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 2012 ISBN 978-3-525-36956-2 (Writings of the Simon Dubnow Institute, 18).
  • Frank Beer (ed.): After the fall: the first evidence of the Shoah in Poland 1944 - 1947; Reports of the Central Jewish Historical Commission . Dachau: Verl. Dachauer Hefte 2014 ISBN 978-3-86331-149-0
  • Rafael Scharf : Michał Borwicz , obituary, in: Polin. Studies in Polish Jewry , 1988, pp. 458-462
  • Laura Jockusch: Collect and record! : Jewish Holocaust documentation in early postwar Europe . New York: Oxford University Press, 2012

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Klaus Kempter: Joseph Wulf , 2012, p. 79f
  2. ^ Jewish Historical Institute , at Yivo
  3. ↑ Klaus Kempter: Joseph Wulf , 2012, p. 85
  4. ↑ Klaus Kempter: Joseph Wulf , 2012, p. 94f
  5. ↑ Klaus Kempter: Joseph Wulf , 2012, p. 98; P. 102
  6. ↑ a b Klaus Kempter: Joseph Wulf , 2012, p. 114ff
personal data
SURNAME Borwicz, Michał Maksymilian
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Borwicz, Michał; Maksymilian Boruchowicz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish-French Holocaust researcher
DATE OF BIRTH October 11, 1911
PLACE OF BIRTH Krakow , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH August 31, 1987
Place of death Paris