Michelbach (Fichtenberger Red)

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Michelbach
Data
Water code DE : 2386494
location Swabian-Franconian forest mountains

Baden-Württemberg

River system Rhine
Drain over Fichtenberger Rot  → Kocher  → Neckar  → Rhine  → North Sea
source of the main upper reaches Erlenbach :
Haftelbrunnen near Fichtenberg - Erlenhof
49 ° 0 ′ 37 ″  N , 9 ° 43 ′ 11 ″  E
Source height approx.  465  m above sea level NHN 
Quellast Erlenbach
approx.  349  m above sea level NHN 
name section from Kleehaus
muzzle at the Fichtenberg hamlet of Mittelrot Coordinates: 48 ° 59 '4 "  N , 9 ° 45' 5"  E 48 ° 59 '4 "  N , 9 ° 45' 5"  E
Mouth height approx.  333  m above sea level NHN
Height difference approx. 132 m
Bottom slope approx. 30 ‰
length 4.4 km 
main line with Erlenbach
1.4 km
name string from Zsfl.
Catchment area 4.809 km²
Small towns Only catchment .ajax:
Gaildorf

The Michelbach is a 4.4 km long brook on the main strand in the area of ​​the municipality of Fichtenberg in the district of Schwäbisch Hall in north-eastern Baden-Württemberg , which flows into the Fichtenberger Rot from the left and northwest at the hamlet of Mittelrot of the municipality . It drains the southeastern end of the Mainhardt Forest close to the southwest foot of the Kirgel ridge to the lowest course of this Kocher tributary. Its two upper reaches are the Erlenbach and the Schembach .

geography

Left upper course Erlenbach

The Erlenbach arises at about 465  m above sea level. NHN in a small southern tip of the forest of Haftelwald between the Fichtenberg hamlet Erlenhof and its residential area Erlenbach . Here it rises from the Haftelbrunnen and steps a stone's throw further out of the forest at the foot of the living space. The stream now flows steadily in a meadow to the southeast and is always accompanied by a gallery. After passing through a small pond at the foot of the hamlet of Gehrhof on the upper right slope, the corridor narrows between the descending slopes of the Gehrn on the left and the Ebersberg on the right for more than a kilometer of the run to a narrow strip of meadow. Then the valley opens on the right-hand side to a wide, flat, hilly corridor and the stream passes the hamlet of Michelbächle close to its northeast side. Less than half a kilometer further, the Erlenbach joins the Schembach coming from the west at the Kleehaus zum Michelbach residential area. The Erlenbach clearly exceeds the length and catchment area of ​​the Schembach and is therefore, hydrologically, the upper reaches of the Michelbach.

Right upper course Schembach

The Schembach arises on the edge of the small open plateau southeast of the Erlenhof in the hillside forest that just begins. Here two spring streams less than three hundred meters long run in small steep cliffs , the origin of the top one is about 460  m above sea level. NHN , a little above the foot of the slope to the Schembach. After a further three to four hundred meters flatter south-east course, this emerges from the forest and turns to the east in the meadow, accompanied by wood. After about a kilometer of meadow run, it bends to the southeast on the southwestern edge of Michelbächle and after about 300 meters runs at a very acute angle with the Erlenbach coming from the northwest to the Michelbach. The open corridor of the Schembach valley is significantly wider from the forest exit of the stream than at the Erlenbach.

Michelbach lower course

The little below 350  m above sea level. The Michelbach created by the NHN initially continues to flow southeast and runs under the dam of the Waiblingen – Schwäbisch Hall-Hessental railway , about half a kilometer from the portal of the Kappelesberg tunnel , which runs under the Kappelesberg , an elevation that is over 90 meters high compared to the valley floor in the church ridge accompanying this left. After that, the brook soon turns south and passes under the L 1066, which comes from Gaildorf and runs through the lower Rottal , on the edge of the here extremely wide Rot-Aue, a little east of the hamlet of Mittelrot . In the flat Kreuzwiesen , each about a quarter of a kilometer and in front of long oxbow remains of the small river, the Michelbach flows in a south-easterly direction at about 333  m above sea level. NHN from the left into the lowest Fichtenberger Rot .

The 4.4 km long Michelbach, together with the Erlenbach, flows about 132 meters in altitude below the Haftelbrunnen and thus has an average bottom gradient of about 30 ‰.

Catchment area

The Michelbach has a catchment area of ​​4.8 km², which in natural terms lies in the Swabian-Franconian Forest Mountains , with the higher parts in the lower area of ​​the Mainhardt Forest , with the deeper and estuarine areas in the lower area of ​​the Gaildorf Basin . It extends from its northernmost and with about 494  m above sea level. NHN highest point in the flat northwestern Haftelwald about four kilometers to the southeast to the mouth. Across it, it is a maximum of one and three quarters of a kilometer wide. Its morphologically most striking watershed lies on the northeast side on the very narrow Kirgelkamm from around the pond in the course of the Erlenbach. The otherworldly competitors are the left tributaries to the Kocher from the Kammersbach up to the Häusersbach . From the Kirgel itself, the sheath runs down the fall line to the mouth and then rises on the other flank of the catchment area west-northwest over the Stummelberg up to the Viehberg plain ; this entire southern border separates from the immediate catchment area of ​​the Fichtenberger Rot itself, which here has only insignificant tributaries from the north besides the Michelbach. From the Viehberg, the sheath then winds its way over a mostly wide plateau to the north, through the Erlenhof and back into the northwestern Haftelwald. To the south of this section, the Diebach drains further upstream into the Fichtenberger Rot.

Almost exactly half of the catchment area is forest, of which in turn little over half is on the northern and northeastern watershed in the flat Haftel forest and on this side of the slope of the Kirgelkamm. The rest of the forest grows mainly on the terrain that slopes more slowly towards the Schembach valley. In the open country there are only rarely fields, mostly on the slightly arched plateau south of the Gehrhof and the flat field triangle of the Viehberg plain.

Almost a quarter of a square kilometer of the catchment area belongs to the town of Gaildorf , there are unpopulated areas of forest in the Haftelwald or this side protrusions of the town limits from the Kirgelkamm down to the lower edge of the forest. The rest of the area and in particular all of the hamlets and residential areas mentioned for the tributaries and standing waters as well as the small settlement area Heumade on the lower Kirgelhang belong to Fichtenberg; of these, Erlenhof is predominantly in the catchment area, while Mittelrot only has a small eastern snippet.

Tributaries and lakes

Hierarchical list of tributaries and RiverIcon-SmallLake.svglakes from source to mouth. Length of water, lake area, catchment area and altitude according to the corresponding layers on the LUBW online map. Other sources for the information are noted.

Confluence of Michel Bach from the left Hauptquellast Erlenbach and right Quellast Schembach to about 349  m above sea level. NHN at the Kleehaus von Fichtenberg residential area. ( ⊙ ) Soon after the confluence, the stream crosses under the Waiblingen – Schwäbisch Hall-Hessental railway just before it enters the Kappelesberg tunnel and then runs south.

  • Erlenbach, left source branch (main line), 3.0 km and approx. 2.0 km². Rises at about 465  m above sea level. NHN the Haftelbrunnen in a southern tip of the Haftelwald between the water reservoir on the northern edge of Erlenhof in the west and the residential area Erlenbach east beyond the Waldzipfels. ( ⊙ ) The stream runs southeast.
    • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgFlows through a pond a little north of the Gehrhof at about 405  m above sea level. Above sea level , 0.2 ha.
  • Schembach, right source stream, 2.2 km. and approx. 1.4 km². Arises at about 460  m above sea level. NHN a little south of the salt puddle already in the forest.

Mouth of the Michelbach at about 333  m above sea level. NHN east of Mittelrot in the Kreuzwiesen from the left and finally again northwest in the Fichtenberger Rot . The stream is 4.4 km long here on the main line from the Haftelbrunnen , 1.4 km on the name section from the confluence of the source streams and has a catchment area of ​​4.8 km².

geology

The catchment area of ​​the Michelbach lies in the Mittelkeuper , its course begins and ends in the Gipskeuper ( Grabfeld formation ). For the extensive high areas in the west of the catchment area between Haftelwald in the north and the Vielberg plain in the south, the pebble sandstone ( Hassberge formation ) is step-forming; on the Kirgelkamm on the north-east side, only the lower colored marls ( Steigerwald formation ) are usually reached. In a former pit on the lower spur of the Stummelberg south of Michelbächle, marl stones from the gray estheria layers of the upper gypsum keuper were mined. The spur upwards to the west is followed by a thin layer of reed sandstone ( Stuttgart Formation ) in Normalfacies and above it soon the Lower Colorful Marl ( Steigerwald Formation ).

nature and environment

Almost the entire catchment area belongs to the Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park . The open parts of the brook valleys, outside of the villages in them, are part of the Rottal landscape protection area between Fichtenberg and Gaildorf with side valleys and adjacent valley slopes - but not the agricultural land in the west on the plateau between Erlenhof in the north and the isolated Viehberg plain in the southwest. To a lesser extent, a protected heather on the upper Stummelberg - the spur between Schembach and Rot - protrudes into the catchment area, the other two natural monuments are a hedge on the southern edge at Heumaden and a linden tree at Kleehaus. A number of humid biotopes are under biotope protection, such as near-natural stream sections, wet meadows, sedge rivers, the spring blades of the Schembach. There are also a number of woods and a few sunken paths as well as the poor grass of the heather just mentioned.

See also

Individual evidence

LUBW

Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of ​​the Michelbach
General introduction without default settings and layers: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Height according to the contour line image on the background layer topographic map .
  2. ↑ a b c d Length according to the waterway network layer ( AWGN ) .
  3. ↑ a b Catchment area according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .
  4. ↑ Lake area after the layer standing waters .
  5. ↑ Catchment area measured on the background layer topographic map .
  6. ↑ Description of nature partly according to the biotope layer , protected areas according to the relevant layers.

Other evidence

  1. ↑ Wolf-Dieter Sick : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 162 Rothenburg o. D. Deaf. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1962. →  Online map (PDF; 4.7 MB)
  2. ↑ Hansjörg Dongus : Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 171 Göppingen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1961. →  Online map (PDF; 4.3 MB)
  3. ↑ Geology according to the geological map listed under →  Literature . A rough overview also provides: Mapserver of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB) ( notes )
  4. ↑ Geotope profile of the former marl pit on the Stummelberg-Spornspitze and its surroundings.

literature

  • Topographical map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as single sheet No. 6924 Gaildorf and No. 7024 Gschwend
  • Geological map of the Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park 1: 50,000, published by the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining Baden-Württemberg, Freiburg i. Br. 2001.

Web links