Michele Carafa

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Michele Carafa
Michele Carafa

Michele Enrico Francesco Vincenzo Aloisio Paolo Carafa de Colobrano (* 17th November 1787 in Naples ; † 26. July 1872 in Paris ) was an Italian opera - a composer and a representative of the so-called Neapolitan School .

Life

Michele Carafa came from the Neapolitan noble family of Carafa di Colobrano ; his mother was born Rothschild. Due to his musical talent, recognized early on, the family allowed him to study music before he turned to military service following family tradition. As personal adjutant Gioacchino Murrat took part in Napoleon's campaigns against Russia; after the fall of Murrat, Carafa turned back to music. His opera Gabrielle da Vergy,which portrays a sadist who is unable to relate is his welcome gift for King Fernando I, who is returning to Naples. This was possible because Carafa came from the Neapolitan nobility and was a cousin supervisor of the royal theaters. When the political reaction in Naples intensified after 1825, Carafa (similar to Gioachino Rossini ) went back to Paris. Thanks to his perfect knowledge of French, he (unlike Rossini) had no problems immediately continuing his work as a composer of French operas. After the July Revolution of 1830, the achievements of the Bonapartists were recognized by the state: Carafa initially received French citizenship and later an honorary pension. From 1837 to 1870 he was a composition teacher at the Paris Conservatory . He remained lifelong friends with Rossini. Their trips to the Bois de Bologne were legendary: Carafa (as an officer) on horseback, Rossini comfortably in the Landau. In 1860 he saw the fall of the Bourbons in Naples and the unification of Italy under liberal auspices as a constitutional state. This enabled him to reconcile with his home country, so that he bequeathed his musical legacy to the Conservatorio di Musica in Naples.

Carafa himself first received music lessons at the Naples Conservatory; 1805/06 he perfected his studies in Paris with Luigi Cherubini . Even during his military service, he seems to have been an attentive observer of musical developments. In any case, after 1815 he composed more in the style of Gioachino Rossini and (later) Daniel-François-Esprit Auber . His most successful French operas include Le solitaire and Masaniello . In terms of music history, however, his contribution to Italian opera history is more significant: Gabriella da Vergy from 1816 is the first Italian opera in which the death of the leading actress is not only hinted at on the open stage, but sung through an aria. She was the direct model for Rossini's Otello and then all of the “melodrame romantiche” of Vincenzo Bellini or Gaetano Donizetti . In 2006 his opera I due Figaro (Milan 1820) was performed again at the Festival Rossini in Wildbad . This opera was also a political manifesto: together with Felice Romani , Carafa drafted a continuation of the story of the relationship between Figaro and the Conte Almaviva, which can be understood as a musical criticism of the intensified political restoration of the 1820s that began with the Carlsbad resolutions of 1819 .

Works (operas)

  • Il fantasma (1805, Principe Caramanico private theater, Naples)
  • Il prigioniero (1805, Naples)
  • La musicomania (1806, Paris)
  • Il vascello d'Occidente (June 14, 1814 Teatro del Fondo , Naples)
  • Mariti aprite gli tatting! ossia La gelosia corretta (1815 Teatro dei Fiorentini, Naples) - re-performance under the title Men! Open eyes! in the Neuburg Chamber Opera 2011
  • Gabriella di Vergy (3rd July 1816 Teatro del Fondo, Naples) - Donizetti used the libretto in 1826 for the original version of his opera Gabriella di Vergy and Saverio Mercadante for his opera Gabrielle da Vergy Lisbon 1828 / Genoa 1832
  • Ifigenia in Tauride (June 19, 1817 Teatro San Carlo , Naples)
  • Adele di Lusignano (September 27, 1817 Teatro alla Scala , Milan)
  • Berenice in Siria (July 29, 1818 Teatro San Carlo, Naples)
  • Elisabetta in Derbyshire, ossia Il castello di Fotheringhay (December 26, 1818 Teatro La Fenice , Venice)
  • Il sacrificio d'Epito (December 26, 1819 Teatro La Fenice, Venice)
  • I due Figaro, o sia Il soggetto di una commedia (June 6, 1820 Teatro alla Scala, Milan) - re-performance with DVD recording at Rossini in Wildbad 2006
  • La festa di Bussone (June 28, 1820 Teatro Ré, Milan)
  • Jeanne d'Arc à Orléans (March 10, 1821 Opéra-Comique , Paris)
  • La capricciosa ed il soldato, o sia Un momento di lezione (December 26, 1821 Teatro Apollo , Rome)
  • Le solitaire (August 22, 1822 Opéra-Comique, Paris)
  • Eufemio di Messina (December 26, 1822 Teatro Argentina , Rome)
  • Abufar, ossia La famiglia araba (June 28, 1823 Kärntnertortheater , Vienna)
  • Le valet de chambre (September 16, 1823 Opéra-Comique, Paris)
  • Tamerlano (written 1823–1824 for the Teatro San Carlo, Naples)
  • L'auberge supposée (April 26, 1824 Opéra-Comique, Paris)
  • Il sonnambulo (November 13, 1824 Teatro alla Scala, Milan)
  • La belle au bois dormant (March 2, 1825, Théâtre de l'Opéra , Paris)
  • Gl'italici e gl'indiani (October 4, 1825 Teatro San Carlo, Naples)
  • Il paria (February 4, 1826 Teatro La Fenice, Venice)
  • Sangarido (May 19, 1827 Opéra-Comique, Paris)
  • Les deux Figaro (August 22, 1827 Théâtre Odéon , Paris)
  • Masaniello, ou Le pêcheur napolitain (December 27, 1827 Opéra-Comique, Paris)
  • La violette (October 7, 1828 Opéra-Comique, Paris) in collaboration with Leborne
  • Jenny (September 26, 1829 Opéra-Comique, Paris)
  • Le nozze di Lammermoor (December 12, 1829 Théâtre-Italien , Paris)
  • L'auberge d'Aury (May 11, 1830 Opéra-Comique, Paris) in collaboration with Hérold
  • La lure de l'hermite (August 11, 1831 Opéra-Comique, Paris)
  • La marquise de Brinvilliers (October 31, 1831 Opéra-Comique, Paris), in collaboration with Auber, Batton, Berton, Blangini, Boieldieu, Cherubini, Hérold, Paër
  • La prison d'Edimbourg (July 20, 1833 Opéra-Comique, Paris), based on Walter Scott's The Heart of Midlothian
  • La maison du rempart, ou Une journée de la Fronde (November 7, 1833 Opéra-Comique, Paris)
  • La grande duchesse (November 16, 1835 Opéra-Comique, Paris)
  • Thérèse (September 26, 1838 Opéra-Comique, Paris)
  • Les premiers pas (November 15, 1847 Opéra-National, Paris) in collaboration with Adam, Auber, Halévy

Web links

Commons : Michele Carafa  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Michael Wittmann: I Due Figaro in the setting Michele Carafas and Saverio Mercadantes. Retrieved January 8, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Carafa, Michele
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Carafa de Colobrano, Michele Enrico Francesco Vincenzo Aloisio Paolo (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian opera composer
DATE OF BIRTH November 17, 1787
PLACE OF BIRTH Naples
DATE OF DEATH July 26, 1872
Place of death Paris