Missa in angustiis

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The Missa in angustiis ("Mass in distress"; also Nelson Mass , Hob. XXII: 11) in D minor is the 11th Mass composition by Joseph Haydn (1732-1809) and was written in 1798. It was in the same Year premiered in the parish church in Eisenstadt , after a performance in the mountain church was originally planned.

background

Haydn wrote the mass for his long-term client and patron Prince Esterhazy . As its name suggests ("Mass in distress"), the mass was created at a difficult time, namely during the Napoleonic wars , the so-called " French Era ". This can also be seen in the fact that this is the only Haydn mass that is written in a minor key. The line-up also consists of three trumpets , as the prince had dismissed his woodwinds . The original line-up was thus: strings , trumpets, organ and timpani . Haydn later added woodwind and horn parts.

The mass classically includes Kyrie , Gloria , Credo , Sanctus, Benedictus and Agnus Dei . It has many dark-sounding moments, but also cheering trumpet fanfares.

nickname

The sea ​​battle at Abukir .

The work is said to owe its nickname to the fact that the British Admiral Horatio Nelson paid a visit to Prince Nicholas II Esterházy on his return voyage from the victorious naval battle of Alexandria (near Abukir), where he almost destroyed the French fleet, where he ( Lord Nelson) was performed in honor of this mass.

Another legend has it that while working on the mass, Haydn learned that Nelson had defeated Napoleon at Abukir. The trumpet fanfares within the Benedictus are also attributed to this.

construction

The fair is divided into six parts:

Kyrie

01. Kyrie eleison. Allegro moderato. Soprano solo, choir and orchestra (Tutti)

Gloria

02. Gloria in excelsis deodorant. Allegro. Solos SATB, Tutti
03. Qui tollis. Adagio. Solos SB, Tutti
04. Quoniam tu solus sanctus. Allegro. Solos SATB, Tutti

Creed

05. Credo in unum Deum. Allegro con spirito. Tutti
06. Et incarnatus est. Largo. Solos SATB, Tutti
07. Et resurrexit. Vivace. Soprano solo, Tutti

Sanctus

08. Sanctus. Adagio - Allegro. Tutti

Benedictus

09. Benedictus. Allegretto - Allegro. Solos SATB, Tutti

Agnus Dei

10. Agnus Dei. Adagio. Solos SATB
11. Dona nobis pacem. Allegro vivace. Tutti

See also

literature

  • HC Robbins Landon : Missa in Angustii's D minor “Nelson Mass”. Hob. XXII: 11. Study score. Publishing house Eulenburg.

Web links