Community garden
A community garden is a piece of land used as a garden that is farmed jointly by a group of people.
description
Community gardens are collectively operated gardens in the tradition of community gardens . Most of the plots are in the city. The gardens are often open to the public. The legal status is very different. It can be an occupation , but it can also be private property or public property. The initiators and sponsors of the community gardens can also be very different: neighbors, political groups, churches, schools and guerrilla gardeners . This is directly related to the respective goals as well as the local and regional conditions, needs and the operating interest groups. For example, many community gardens have already come together with the aim of intercultural gardening. People of different national origins garden together here. The community gardens emerged on the one hand from a newly awakened need for the production of one's own healthy food (especially in the big cities), but also with the aim of exchanging ideas with one another, not only about everyday gardening and specialist knowledge, and of taking care of community life. Many gardens were created through public funding, but with the aim of preserving them on their own. Not all community gardens are permanently secured.
Special forms
Another form of community garden is Garde sharing (including land sharing) in which to grow food a landowner a gardener (or more) access to land, usually allows a garden. This can be done in a contractually regulated relationship between two people (persons in the legal sense: it can also be a group of people or legal entities) or through the mediation of a web-based project. Sharing land is not a gift economy , but rather a sharing economy . Rapid access to the use of the soil is made possible when community gardens cannot be used or can only be used via waiting lists.
The community roof garden is a special form of community garden .
So-called mobile community gardens can be found in many cities . The following features are characteristic of the mobile :
- It is waste land uses in the city, may be the rule only temporarily fallow land is left but limited free or for a small rent.
- The entire garden is kept mobile by not planting all the plants in the ground, but on transport pallets, boxes, barrels or sacks. The entire community garden can be moved as soon as the fallow land is to be used as building land. Raised beds on pallets are preferred because they are particularly easy to move with a forklift. Often these pallets are placed on stone blocks so that the soil moisture does not attack the wood.
- Mobile communal gardens are very often laid out on contaminated soil because this wasteland can only be used as building land after extensive renovation. A characteristic of this situation is that the floor often first has to be covered with a harmless protective layer, possibly also with a film as a separating layer, in order not to increase the disposal volume during the renovation. Planting in pallets is also necessary here so that the roots do not come into contact with the contaminated soil.
- Since a mobile community garden is created on temporary fallow land, it should be built without local investments if possible. The use of commercial waste that would otherwise have to be disposed of, such as transport pallets from construction sites, big bags from the food industry or tennis court sand that is replaced every year (e.g. as a protective layer against contaminated soil) is helpful here .
Community gardens in Germany: examples
Himmelbeet (Berlin)
Main article: canopy bed
The Himmelbeet is an intercultural community garden in the social hotspot of Wedding . Under the motto “grow together”, he has committed himself to the task of peacefully bringing neighbors and marginalized social groups (migrants, seniors, as well as the physically and mentally disadvantaged) together while gardening. Coexistence is also strengthened at numerous cultural events and courses on nutrition and environmental education. Special emphasis is placed there on the ecological cultivation of regional and old cultivars. What began in 2009 as the idea of an urban garden above the roofs of Berlin on a parking deck, has since 2013 established its permanent place on the ground near Leopoldplatz after fire protection regulations made the roof project fail.
HirschGrün and Vielfeld (Aachen)
The HirschGrün community garden was founded in April 2013 on a former fallow area of approx. 1200 m². There is also a cupboard on the premises for sharing the food produced. In addition to the HirschGrün community garden, the Vielfeld garden was also founded on the site of the former municipal gardening facility in the city park, right behind the New Aachen Art Association.
Inselgarten (Berlin)
In 2016, a project developed into a community garden in public space ( urban gardening ) on Cheruskerstraße near the Julius-Leber-Brücke S-Bahn station . It is an initiative by Über den Tellerrand e. V. , the Bio-Insel grocery store and the Technical University of Berlin . There, the construction of the island garden will be integrated into a course at the Institute for Architecture. The project should refer to the social change processes on the Red Island and actively involve the residents. Two beehives, two nesting boxes, a bank made from Euro pallets and a water tank complete the mobile garden.
Munich herb gardens (Munich)
Since 1999, 21 herb gardens (as of 2015) have been created in Munich on private arable land or urban estates on the outskirts, and due to high demand, more are to be added. The aim of the city of Munich is to preserve the green belt around the city, to support local farmers and to promote urban gardening. The farmer or an association founded for this takes over the organization at the respective location. The 30–60 m² plots are leased for one gardening season and pre-planted by professional gardeners. The tenants then take care of further care and harvest.
Neuland (Cologne)
As a mobile community garden, Kölner Neuland eV was created in 2011 and is supported by the cooperation foundation , which finances 1.5 positions. It is a large community garden that is developing in the direction of an “OpenAir community center”. A special feature is a popular shortcut in the middle of the garden, which enables easier social interaction.
Pagalino and kügäli (Hanover)
In the Linden-Nord district , a pallet garden was created in 2012 with the Pagalino community garden project (Linden-Nord pallet garden ) in a clearing in a wooded area at the Linden leisure home . The forerunner was the kügäli garden project in the Limmer district of 2011 , which had its first location on a fallow parking lot belonging to the Continental company . Due to construction work, the mobile garden project moved to fallow land in the vicinity of the Hanover space project in the Linden-Mitte district .
Rosa Rose (Berlin)
One example of a community garden is Rosa Rose in Berlin. Since May 2004, neighbors have been sharing an approximately 2000 m² area consisting of three plots in the Berlin district of Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg, a district with only a few inner-city green spaces. A large part of this area was cleared in summer 2008, the remaining community garden users tried to secure the continued existence of their garden with the help of a signature campaign. In 2009, however, the remaining part of the area was also cleared. In the meantime, Rosa Rose has moved and is continuing in a new area.
Community gardens in other countries
Developing countries
Community gardens are also playing an increasing role in development cooperation, as they help to overcome the widespread deficiency in micronutrients and can also strengthen the cohesion of those involved. In Cuba's agriculture community gardens and agricultural cooperatives have played an important role in supplying agriculture since the early 1990s.
See also
literature
- Christa Müller (Ed.): Urban Gardening. About the return of the gardens to the city . Oekom-Verlag, Munich 2011, 350 pages, ISBN 978-3-86581-244-5
- Marit Rosol: Community gardens in Berlin: A qualitative study of the potentials and risks of civic engagement in the green area against the background of changes in the state and planning . Paperback, Verlag Mensch & Buch, Berlin 2006, ISBN 978-3866640764
- Elisabeth Schwiontek: Green happiness: gardens conquer the big cities . Goethe-Institut 2008, accessed on February 28, 2013.
Web links
- Foundation anstiftung & ertomis ( Memento from July 4, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) on urban agriculture
- Berlin community gardens
- Cities without hunger , organization in São Paulo (including community gardens project)
- Community gardens in Austria
Individual evidence
- ↑ Website of the Dachgärten für alle eV association
- ↑ Inselgarten project description (PDF). Retrieved August 17, 2016 .
- ↑ Thinking outside the box e. V
- ↑ Bio Island
- ↑ CoCoon. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on August 17, 2016 ; accessed on August 17, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ The Munich herb gardens. (PDF) City of Munich, 2014, accessed on July 3, 2015 .
- ↑ mitarbeit.de / ... ( Memento of the original from December 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - "Exemplary start-up projects" section (accessed December 25, 2015)
- ↑ Pagalino - The pallet garden in Linden-Nord ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Kitchen gardens Limmer - kügäli ( Memento of the original from May 12, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Evidence of eviction from Rosa Rose ( Memento of the original from July 23, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Hans-Heinrich Bass, Klaus von Freyhold and Cordula Weisskoeppel: Harvesting water, protecting trees. Food security in the Sahel, Bremen 2013
- ↑ The Avery Diet: The Hudson Institute's Misinformation Campaign Against Cuban Agriculture ( Memento of the original from December 27, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 339 kB). Online publication: Funes, Altieri & Rosset, accessed January 4, 2013.
- ↑ Jack Fairweather, Christina Asquith: How Can Cuba's Sustainable Agriculture Survive the Peace? In: The Solutions Journal. Volume 1, Issue 2, pp. 56-58.
