Mstislav Valerianowitsch Dobuschinski

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Mstislaw Valerianowitsch Dobuschinski ( Russian Мстислав Валерианович Добужинский ; * August 2 July / August 14,  1875 greg. In Novgorod ; † November 20, 1957 in New York ) was a Russian painter , participant in the Mir Iskus artists' association and art critic.

Portrait of the painter Mstislaw Dobuschinski

Life

He was born the son of an officer in Novgorod. The family moved several times because of the father's job. Mstislaw Dobuschinski finished high school in Vilnius . In the years from 1885 to 1887 he studied at the St. Petersburg drawing school of the Society for the Promotion of the Arts . He continued his training from 1899 to 1901 in Munich with Anton Ažbe . During this time he frequented the “pink salon” of the painter Marianne von Werefkin , where he caricatured Alexej Jawlensky with Werefkin's little baron crown on the back of the balding head . Also Alexander by Salzmann the crown used for illustrating a function of Jawlenskys Werefkin in a cartoon.

He exhibited for the first time in 1902 and in the same year became a member of the Mir Iskusstwa artists' association . After returning to Russia, he taught at various St. Petersburg art schools before becoming a professor at the St. Petersburg Academy of Art in 1922 .

In 1924 he received Lithuanian citizenship on the intervention of Jurgis Baltrušaitis and left Russia. In the following years he worked at various theaters in Lithuania and France , from 1925 in Kaunas . Since 1929 Dobuschinski is to be regarded as the main artist of the Lithuanian State Theater in Kaunas. From 1929 to 1930 he taught at a private art school in Kaunas and participated in Lithuanian publications. In 1930 he founded the private art studio and managed it until 1933.

In 1935 he went to England with the ensemble of the Kaunas Theater . Since 1939 he lived in the USA . He died in New York in 1957.

At the beginning of his artistic career, at the beginning of the 20th century, he was influenced by Art Nouveau . Well-known artists of the Silver Age , such as Alexander Nikolajewitsch Benua and Konstantin Andrejewitsch Somow, also influenced his work. Later, his style was closely based on symbolism . He continued to work in the field of book illustration . He was also responsible for the artistic representation of the magazines Mir Iskusstwa and Apollon . He also dealt with history painting ( Peter the Great in Holland - Пётр Великий в Голландии). In addition, he was responsible for the artistic design of theatrical productions in the Moscow Art Theater. As a graphic artist of books, he designed books by Pushkin , Hans Christian Andersen , Fyodor Dostojewski and others

Individual evidence

  1. Valentine Macardé, Le renouveau de l'art picturale russe 1863-1914, Lausanne 1971, p. 135 f
  2. Bernd Fäthke, Jawlensky and his companions in a new light, Munich 2004, Fig. 27, p. 43 and p. 46
  3. See: Bernd Fäthke, Marianne Werefkin, Munich 2001, p. 68, fig. 58

Web links

Commons : Mstislav Dobuzhinsky  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files