Roman Villa Regional Museum

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Roman Villa Regional Museum
Roman Museum Grenzach 1.jpg
Protective construction over the remains of the wall of the villa urbana in Grenzach
Data
place Grenzach , Baden-Wuerttemberg
opening 1986; Redesign in 2011
operator
Association for local history Grenzach-Wyhlen
Website
ISIL DE-MUS-300310

The regional museum Römervilla is a Roman museum in Grenzach-Wyhlen in the district of Lörrach around an excavated " villa urbana ". The villa, located in the Grenzach suburb, is one of the most important excavations from Roman times in the area south of Freiburg im Breisgau .

Excavations

The first traces of the villa were found during water pipeline work in 1893, including a large column in the entrance area. But it was only after the demolition of some of the modern houses in 1983 that the Freiburg branch of the State Monuments Office, with the support of the Archeology Working Group of the Association for Local History, was able to uncover the southwest corner of the main building with a neighboring water basin. In the course of the excavations, parts of the wall over two meters high came to light on the property, marble profiles of doors and windows as well as remains of wall paintings, which depict a motif from Roman mythology in life-size figures . Further excavations in the vicinity brought to light evidence of at least four outbuildings of the manor house, apparently the associated economy and servants' accommodation. The entire property once covered an area of ​​around 8570 m². Today, however, large parts of the facility are covered by existing buildings and streets. A few hundred meters northwest of this villa urbana, the remains of another villa were found in 1934 and parts of a Roman road were uncovered in this area in 1993 and 2014.

Since the large Roman colony of Augusta Raurica was located directly on the opposite Swiss side of the High Rhine , it is assumed that it was the country estate ("villa urbana") of a wealthy Roman citizen from the upper class. It is believed that the place name Grenzach, Roman Carantiacum (Gut des Carantius), derives from a former owner of the villa.

museum

The museum has existed since 1986 in a shelter that was built over the remains of the villa. The founding of the museum was largely driven by Erhard Richter . The museum is supervised by the archeology working group of the Grenzach-Wyhlen local history association, which also initiated the construction of the museum and organized its financing. The owner of the Roman villa is the Grenzach-Wyhlen community, the finds belong to the state according to the law. Concerts and art exhibitions are also held in the room.

A selection of the archaeological finds from the area in Grenzach and 17 other sites in the district of Lörrach is shown in the museum's showcases , for example a bronze horse's head, a glass vessel, shell ornaments in painted stucco moldings (unique in all of Baden-Württemberg), a lock plate made of bronze, bronze brooches and turned tools made of bone such as needles, needle barrels and spindle whorls, everyday tools such as a hoe, leather knife and chisel, as well as evidence of sophisticated food culture such as purple snail shells and oyster shells . Coins from Vespasian (69–79 AD) and Septimius Severus (193–211 AD) for his wife Julia Domna and Terra Sigillata (high quality tableware) from the pottery of La Graufesenque in southern Gaul and Rheinzabern ( Tabernae ) in Eastern Gaul indicates that the villa was founded in the 1st century AD and existed until the third quarter of the 3rd century. A “Nemausus coin” comes from a neighboring villa that was partially excavated in 1936 (Nemausus, today's Nîmes in southern France, had an important mint in Roman times).

From the end of 2009 to 2010, the museum was redesigned with the support of Martin Kemkes from the Archaeological State Museum in Rastatt and the Basel exhibition designer Ursula Gillmann and the exhibits were scientifically cataloged. On May 6, 2011, the converted museum was reopened as a regional museum. One focus of the exhibition is now everyday Roman culture . Markus Schaub, who also made many drawings of the Roman town of Augusta Raurica on the other bank of the Rhine , contributed two large pictures to the exhibition

See also

literature

  • Gerhard Fingerlin : Excavations by the State Monuments Office in a Roman villa on the Upper Rhine (Grenzach, Grenzach-Wyhlen district, Lörrach district). In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg , vol. 13 (1984), issue 1, pp. 6-9, ISSN  0342-0027 digitized
  • Gerhard Fingerlin: Figural wall painting from the Roman villa on “Steingasse” in Grenzach. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 1/1988, pp. 159–163 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
  • Gerhard Fingerlin: Conservation of a Roman villa in Grenzach, Gde. Grenzach-Wyhlen, Kr. Lörrach. In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg , Vol. 16 (1987), Issue 2, pp. 87-90, ISSN  0342-0027 digitized
  • Renate Reimann: The redesign of the regional museum Römervilla-Grenzach - Museum for Roman everyday culture. In: Das Markgräflerland, Volume 2/2012, pp. 23-30
  • Martin Kemkes, Helmut Bauckner: Regional Museum Roman Villa Grenzach - An old museum in a new guise. In: Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden, Vol. 83 (2011), pp. 46–50 digitized

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Sights , page of the community Grenzach-Wyhlen
  2. ↑ see Erhard Richter: Archaeological Monuments and Finds on the Grenzach-Wyhlen (II) district. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 2/1981, p. 307ff. Digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
  3. ↑ see Erhard Richter: Two more Roman sites in the Grenzach-Wyhlen area. In: Das Markgräflerland, Issue 1/1986, pp. 73–79 Digitized version of the Freiburg University Library and Erhard Richter: A large Roman wall was uncovered in Grenzach. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 2/1991, pp. 129–130, digital copy of the Freiburg University Library
  4. ↑ see Erhard Richter: The course of the Grenzacher Roman road was further determined. In: Das Markgräflerland, Volume 2014, pp. 167–168
  5. ↑ see Reimann p. 23
  6. ^ Museum Römervilla reinvents itself , Badische Zeitung , Grenzach-Wyhlen edition, February 23, 2010
  7. ↑ see the homepage of the Grenzach-Wyhlen community for information on the Römervilla regional museum

Coordinates: 47 ° 33 ′ 14.8 "  N , 7 ° 39 ′ 44.3"  E