Asparn Castle
| Asparn Castle | ||
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.JPG) Asparn / Zaya Castle |
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| Creation time : | 2nd half of the 13th century | |
| Conservation status: | Received or received substantial parts | |
| Standing position : | Count | |
| Place: | Asparn on the Zaya | |
| Geographical location | 48 ° 35 '20 " N , 16 ° 29' 28.5" E | |
| Height: | 221 m above sea level A. | |
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The Asparn Castle is located in the market town of Asparn an der Zaya in the Weinviertel in Lower Austria . It has housed the Museum of Prehistory since 1970 and the Museum of Prehistory and Medieval Archeology since 2014 .
history
Is closed Asparn in the wine area just off the northwest of the town and, together with the former farm buildings , the parish church and the Minorite the so-called Stättl.
Hadmar von Sonnberg built a castle on the remains of a castle mentioned in 1121 in the second half of the 13th century . The Sonnberg held the castle until 1348, after which the Tursen von Rauheneck-Asparn. In 1397 Asparn went to the lords of Walsee as a princely fiefdom , who had the castle rebuilt from 1421 onwards. The two massive corner towers also date from this period, one of which has two bay windows and the other a gallery. In 1443 Asparn goes to Ulrich von Eyczing and in 1463 it falls to Emperor Friedrich III . In the 16th century will pledge rule of Asparn of different families held, including the Gall of Loosdorf .
In 1610, Count Seyfried Christoph von Breuner acquired the rulership and expanded the castle into his main residence. The two sandstone figures in front of the castle gate also come from him. In 1645 the Swedes devastated the castle and the restoration work in 1651 gave the castle its present appearance.
In 1820 the north wing of the building was demolished because it was in disrepair. In 1945 the Russian occupation caused great damage, especially inside.
After the male line of Count Breuner died out, their property fell in 1894 to a daughter who was married to the Silesian Duke of Ratibor and Prince of Corvey Victor II Amadeus . The Asparn estate, as well as Grafenegg Castle and Neuaigen Castle , thus came into the possession of the House of Ratibor , a branch line of the House of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst , which later also assumed the name Metternich-Sandor through adoption .
Since its construction, the castle has been redesigned many times and only acquired its current appearance after 1820. From 1955 the building housed the Wine Country Museum and since 1967 it has housed the prehistoric collection of the Province of Lower Austria. In 2008 the museum was integrated into the holding company of Niederösterreich Kulturwirtschaft GmbH (NÖKU). Two years later, when the lease contract expired, the property of the castle was purchased by the state of Lower Austria and, at the end of 2011, incorporated into the NÖKU subsidiary MAMUZ Museumszentrum Betriebs GmbH .
The Lower Austrian Provincial Exhibition 2013, which took place next to Poysdorf also in Schloss Asparn, was used as an opportunity to adapt the historical building structurally. The castle was extended by an exhibition level (top floor) and made barrier-free with modern, infrastructural elements - such as the glass lift system in the inner courtyard. The establishment of a gastronomic facility within the palace complex as well as the redesign of the shop and cash desk area of the museum, together with the redesign measures in the archaeological open-air site, were essential factors in making the facility usable as a location for the Lower Austrian provincial exhibition "Bread & Wine".
MAMUZ Prehistory Museum
The MAMUZ Prehistory Museum ( M istelbach- A sparn- MU seums Z entrum) in Asparn looks back on a tradition that was founded in the late 1960s, when the prehistoric collection of the Province of Lower Austria found a new location in the newly renovated Asparn Castle. In the course of setting up the palace as a presentation area for the collections, restoration workshops and workplaces were set up for research purposes. From the beginning it was important to show prehistoric settlement habits. From 1970 on, not only were the prehistoric collections presented in the castle, but also an area adjoining the castle building was redesigned as an area for thought models of prehistoric buildings. Over the decades, this outdoor area has developed into an indispensable part of the Prehistory Museum.
The archaeological open-air site was repeatedly expanded in its dimensions by prehistoric models. The area of the archaeological open-air site is almost 19,000 m² and provides an insight into around 40,000 years of European settlement history. The development of mankind from the Paleolithic to the turn of the times can be experienced through the residential and farm buildings and their interior furnishings. The buildings from the Stone , Bronze and Iron Ages , built on a 1: 1 scale , are based on archaeological excavation findings.
In the course of the preparatory work for the Lower Austrian Provincial Exhibition 2013, not only was the palace complex made more attractive, the archaeological open-air area of the museum was also redesigned in essential areas. In order to better understand the epochs of human history depicted, the residential and farm buildings from prehistory that existed in the archaeological open-air area were combined into village ensembles.
The Museum of Prehistory in Asparn has been a leader in the field of experimental archeology since the museum was founded . Since 1982, the archaeological open-air area in the Museum of Prehistory has also been the center and training facility for experimental archeology for the University of Vienna , Institute for Prehistory and Historical Archeology. The European pioneering role of the museum in the field of experimental research makes it possible that annual courses for specialist students from all over Europe are offered in Asparn.
Center for Prehistory and Protohistory
Together with the MAMUZ , Asparn Castle forms the center for prehistory and early history in Lower Austria. For the realignment of the state collection in 2014 at the Asparn location, an exhibition was designed that is intended to set new standards for the presentation of archaeological collections. The visitors move through the three floors of the palace - starting on the top floor - in chronological order through human history: The exhibition concept follows three subject areas: living space (DG) - metal (2nd floor) - writing (1st floor).
As a showpiece of the state collection, the medieval treasure trove of Wiener Neustadt is shown and presented in specially designed rooms similar to a treasure chamber. Hardly any other new archaeological find from Austria has caused such a stir in the last few decades. The aim of the presentation is to give interested visitors an extraordinary insight into the scientific research into this treasure trove, which was used here for the first time.
A “research laboratory” was set up in the west wing of the ground floor. Research tables, a restoration table and archaeological tools allow visitors to try out for themselves how the researchers work. Demonstrations of historical handicraft techniques, special seminars and workshops as well as prehistoric themed events such as the Celtic Festival, the Hun Festival, the Stone Age Festival or the Long Night of Celtic Fires also enliven the museum.
See also
literature
- Otto Adamec: About the Museum of Prehistory in Asparn / Zaya. In: Korneuburger Kulturnachrichten 3, 1970, pp. 35–41.
- Gerhard Stenzel: From castle to castle in Austria . Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1976, ISBN 3-218-00288-5 , p. 164.
- Ernst Lauermann (ed.): Schatz-Reich Asparn. Prehistory and early history and medieval archeology in Lower Austria. Asparn / Zaya 2014.
- Ernst Lauermann, Matthias W. Pacher: The archaeological open-air site in the Museum of Prehistory in Asparn / Zaya and its development. In: Archeology of Austria. 24/2, 2013, pp. 2–21.
Web links
- Prehistory Museum of Lower Austria
- Entry about Schloss Asparn in Lower Austria Burgen online - Institute for Reality Studies of the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Era, University of Salzburg
- Entry via Schloss Asparn to Burgen-Austria
Individual evidence
- ^ Lower Austrian news . 48/2010, part of the country, p. 19.
- ↑ tomorrow. Culture - Lower Austria - Europe. 3/14, pp. 8-11.
- ^ "MAMUZ": Newly designed museum for history and medieval archeology. In: The Standard . April 7, 2014.
- ^ Treasury of the country. In: Niederösterreichische Nachrichten . April 14, 2014.
- ^ Research laboratory . In: mamuz.at. Retrieved October 3, 2019 .
- ↑ MAMUZ event calendar ( memento of the original from June 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
