NS series 6300
| NS series 6300 | |
|---|---|
 Locomotive 6317 in the Nederlands Spoorwegmuseum in Utrecht
|
|
| Numbering: | 6301-6322 |
| Number: | 22nd |
| Manufacturer: | Henschel & Sohn , Schwartzkopff |
| Year of construction (s): | 1930-1931 |
| Retirement: | until 1958 |
| Axis formula : | 2'D2 'h4t |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 17385 mm |
| Height: | 4520 mm |
| Service mass: | 127 t |
| Top speed: | 90 km / h |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1550 mm |
| Impeller diameter front: | 930 mm |
| Control type : | Walschaerts control , internal |
| Number of cylinders: | 4th |
| Cylinder diameter: | 420 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 660 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 14 bar |
| Grate area: | 3.16 m² |
| Radiant heating surface: | 17 m² |
| Tubular heating surface: | 150 m² |
| Superheater area : | 50 m² |
| Water supply: | 14.0 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 4.5 tons of coal |
| Train brake: | Westinghouse |
The NS series 6300 was a heavy freight train - tank locomotive of the Netherlands Railways (NS). The 22 examples of the series were built in 1930 and 1931 by Henschel & Sohn in Kassel and Schwartzkopff in Wildau near Berlin . In 1958 the last example of this heaviest and most powerful tank locomotive of the NS was taken out of service.
history
In the 1920s, the newly founded NS still largely managed its freight traffic with older three-couplers. The NS class 4600 , a 1'D locomotive with a tender, procured from Werkspoor in the early 1920s , had not proven itself due to its uneven running. The expansion of coal production in the southern Limburg district , however, required more powerful locomotives. Derived from the new express train locomotive of the NS class 3900 , Henschel therefore developed a new heavy freight tender locomotive in cooperation with the NS. In 1930 Henschel delivered 10 pieces, in 1931 another 12 pieces came from Schwartzkopff.
During test drives, the locomotives carried a test train consisting of 20 express train carriages with a weight of around 700 tonnes and briefly reached 100 km / h. It carried a freight train from Eindhoven to Utrecht at 60 km / h , with these services it met all the expectations of the NS.
The locomotives were mainly used in Limburg , but also in other regions of the southern Netherlands. Before the Second World War they were stationed in Maastricht , Heerlen and Eindhoven . Her main area of responsibility was the coal traffic from Limburg to the north. Occasionally they also pulled passenger trains, especially from Eindhoven. After the occupation of the Netherlands in the western campaign by the German Wehrmacht , the NS had to hand over a large number of locomotives to the Deutsche Reichsbahn . The 6300 series was initially spared due to its importance for the war-important coal traffic; Only after the general strike by the Dutch railroad workers against the occupiers on September 17, 1944, did they bring half of the 22 machines to Germany. One of the locomotives was lost, all the others returned to the Netherlands after 1945. However, four machines were decommissioned due to excessive war damage.
In the post-war period, the NS first used the series in Venlo and Maastricht, from 1951 exclusively from Maastricht. As before the war, coal transport was its main task, from which it was gradually replaced by new diesel locomotives . In addition, the short passenger trains on the cross-border route from Maastricht to Visé in Belgium were her job. In the summer of 1957 only two locomotives were still required as planned, from November 1957 only one locomotive was operational. This was retired on January 6, 1958. With the locomotive 6317, a locomotive of this series has been preserved in the Utrecht Railway Museum.
technology
The main design features of the 6300 are derived from the 3900 series, which was also designed by Henschel. It is also designed as a quadruple in which all four cylinders are supplied with live steam. The drive is also carried out via the first coupling axle , the control is designed as an internal Walschaerts control analogous to the 3900, whereby the external cylinders were also controlled via intermediate shafts from the internal controls. Due to the short distance between the lead frame and the drive axle, the cylinders were arranged in a slightly inclined position. This engine produced very good and quiet running characteristics, but ensured high coal consumption, especially for heavy freight trains. The series was therefore decried by the staff as a coal eater and not particularly popular. The stokers gave it the unfriendly nickname “De Beul” (German: “The executioner ”) due to the high physical demands on the heavy coal trains .
The boiler is largely identical to the Belpaire boiler of the 3900 series. Outwardly, the only thing that stands out is the lack of copper cladding on the steam dome - this decoration was reserved for express train locomotives, but the chimney was given a copper rim like the 3900. This was removed in the Second World War for non-ferrous metal extraction. The locomotives of both series had smoke deflectors ex works . They were equipped with two feed pumps at the factory . Noticeable are the lack of lateral water tanks, all water supplies were located behind the driver's cab. The advantage of this arrangement was that the friction weight - like the 3900, the 6300 had an axle pressure of a maximum of 18 tons - remained largely the same on the coupling axles regardless of the supplies used.
literature
- Hans v. Poll: Steam locomotives of the Dutch Railways (NS), Part 2: The 3900 and 6300 series. In: Lok-Magazin 84, May / June 1977, pp. 195–204
Individual evidence
- ↑ encyclopedie.beneluxspoor.net: Beul ( Memento of the original from December 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed December 27, 2014
