Replica of an Iron Age house

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Replica of an Iron Age stable house on Amrum, south view

The replica of an Iron Age house is on the area of ​​the archaeological area opened in June 2011 at the Vogelkoje Meeram nature experience area on the North Sea island of Amrum ( North Friesland district , Schleswig-Holstein ). The building in the northwest of the municipality of Nebel was rebuilt in 2014 according to plans by the architect Peter Heck-Schau. The Schleswig-Holstein Ministry of the Environment issued a special permit for the construction of the reconstruction at the original location in what is now the Amrumer Dünen nature reserve .

history

Floor plan of an Iron Age nave (stone setting in the foreground), dune valley near Norddorf

The archaeological site with the remains of the settlement and the replica of the Iron Age house is located on the high ridge that forms the geological core of today's island of Amrum. In the Iron Age, the sea level was several meters below today's level, and the coastal landscape of North Friesland was characterized by marshland and raised bogs ; In addition, there were swamp forests with oak and birch stocks. When there is a low ebb, tree stumps are occasionally washed free in the Wadden Sea between Amrum and the island of Föhr , which document the former forest existence there. According to historical reports, the dune belt characteristic of the current appearance of the island, which would have hindered or prevented settlement and agriculture, was not created until the high or late Middle Ages when sand was blown up.

The model for the reconstructed stable house was part of an Iron Age settlement consisting of over ten buildings. The area in the Amrum dunes between the southern outskirts of Norddorf and the Vogelkoje Meeram has been the destination of archaeological excavations for many years, during which several house floor plans of this settlement from the time of the birth of Christ, i.e. the Iron Age , were discovered. These were covered by shifting dunes for decades before they were blown free and could be mapped and excavated. In total, the floor plans of eleven residential stables of various sizes and six smaller huts were determined in this approximately two hectare area; Other sites are suspected to be under the dunes. The three adjacent stable houses in the Vogelkoje Meeram nature experience area were about 50 to 100 meters apart in the northern part of today's dune valley. Some of the floor plans have been made visible again. Relics of two other buildings were also uncovered. A building was reconstructed on site. It should show "the dimensions and specific characteristics of the approximately 2,000-year-old buildings, the living conditions of the people around the time of the birth of Christ and the change in landscape from the Iron Age to the present for the Amrum region". The archaeological excavations and the reconstruction of the Iron Age house were prepared didactically as part of a “path into the past”; On site, a number of information boards provide information about local history.

Building description

Part of the stable with bays for the cattle
Living part. The topping-out wreath for the replica of the house is placed on the hearth

The reconstructed house is a stable house as it has been built since the Bronze Age . Like the other buildings discovered, it is oriented in an east-west direction in order to offer as little surface area as possible for the prevailing westerly winds on site. The building is 15 meters long, five and a half meters wide and 4.3 meters high. For the replica, the craftsmen used pedunculate oaks that had just grown , which were probably also used in the original. The house walls are made of grass or heather (in other buildings in the archaeological area they were partly made of wickerwork smeared with clay). The thatched ridge roof is supported by wooden posts set up in pairs inside the house, which have been dug into the ground. A pavement laid transversely to the longitudinal direction separates the living area. Where this pavement met the wall were the entrances to the north and south. Another paving was laid along the stalls, the manure pavement, which was used to catch the manure and droppings of the cattle. In the center of the living area there is a hearth that is also paved and additionally covered with clay.

See also

  • Nebel megalithic bed - Stone Age burial site; Part of the archaeological area on Amrum in the immediate vicinity of the Iron Age settlement remains

literature

  • Georg Quedens , Hans Hingst, Gerhard Stück, Ommo Wilts: Amrum - landscape, history, nature . Jens Quedens Verlag, Amrum 1991. ISBN 3-924422-24-9 . In it: Chapter The Iron Age, p. 44 ff and Villages in the Dunes, p. 54 ff.

Web links

  • Archaeological area on Amrum on andreas-doelz.de . Photo gallery with photos of the Iron Age house and documentation of the didactic preparation of the archaeological sites (accessed on March 14, 2018)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Designation according to the project presented on aktivregion-uthlande.de : Construction of an Iron Age house in the Vogelkoje Meeram nature experience area in Nebel on Amrum . Retrieved September 22, 2016.
  2. ↑ Thomas Chrobock: Topping- out ceremony at the Iron Age House… . In: Amrum-News of February 25, 2014. Retrieved September 22, 2016.
  3. ↑ Topping- out ceremony at the Iron Age House. Inselbote from February 26, 2014, accessed May 30, 2014
  4. ↑ Quedens et al .: Amrum - Landscape, History, Nature . P. 12: History of the origins of the island of Amrum, P. 15: The dunes
  5. ↑ The Amrum local researcher Georg Quedens puts the age of the Amrum dunes at "[...] barely 500, at most 700 years [...]" and cites late medieval arable beds in the dunes as evidence. - Georg Quedens: Amrum - From ancient times. Verlag Hansen & Hansen, Itzehoe (no year). ISBN 3-87980-401-X . In it: Chapter dunes and sand flight (without pagination )
  6. ↑ a b c Quedens et al .: Amrum - Landscape, History, Nature . P. 54 ff.
  7. ↑ Aktivregion Uthlande: Project: Construction of an Iron Age house in the Vogelkoje Meeram nature experience area in Nebel on Amrum . Retrieved September 22, 2016.
  8. ↑ Photo of the introductory information board of the archaeological area on Amrum ( memento of the original from March 3, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on andreas-doelz.de (accessed on March 14, 2018) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.andreas-doelz.de
  9. ↑ a b Can Özren: Return to the Iron Age . In: Rotary Magazine, September 15, 2014.
  10. ↑ Information according to a notice board attached to the archaeological area, the content of which is documented online. See Andreas Dölz: Archaeological Area on Amrum . Retrieved September 22, 2016.

Coordinates: 54 ° 40 ′ 2.2 ″  N , 8 ° 19 ′ 23.8 ″  E