Nadejda Grinfeld
Nadejda Grinfeld , born Königschatz , ( Russian: Надежда Евгеньевна Гринфельд Nadeschda Evgenjewna Grinfeld ; * 1887 in Chisinau , Bessarabia Governorate ; † 1918 ) was a Russian revolutionary and politician .
Life
Grinfeld was the daughter of the sworn attorney Yevgeny Semjonowitsch (Samoilowitsch) Königschatz (1861-1939) and his wife Olga Wilhelmowna (Wassiljewna) born Bernstein, who ran a day care center. Both were from doctor - dynasties . The grandfather Samuil Issaakowitsch Königschatz was the city doctor of Belz , while the grandfather Wilhelm Wikentjewitsch Bernstein was a doctor and councilor (6th grade ) in Chisinau. Grinfeld's grandmother Marija Grigorjewna Königschatz nee Kogan was a writer and wrote for the St. Petersburg weekly newspapers Wos'chod and Rasswet for Russian Jews .
In 1903 Grinfeld became a member of the Chisinau Department of the Federation . During the Russian Revolution in 1905 , she led a Bund self-defense group in Odessa . She married the sworn lawyer Pjotr Issaakowitsch Grinfeld (1877 – after 1939), who took part in the activities of the federal government and was a delegate at the federal congress in Bern in 1904 , and had their son Lew (* 1908) with him.
Later Nadejda Grinfeld joined the RSDRP . She worked in the Menshevik organizations in Odessa , Kiev and St. Petersburg and then Petrograd and Kronstadt .
During the October Revolution , Grinfeld was a member of the Bessarabian National Assembly Sfatul Țării , in which she took a position opposite to the only other member of parliament Elena Alistar . Grinfeld pleaded for the independence of Bessarabia from the Kingdom of Romania and the subsequent unification with Soviet Russia . Her father was also a member of the Sfatul Țării and a member of the Chisinau city duma and assistant to the commissioner of the transitional government in Chisinau. In December 1917, the Sfatul Țării decided to found the Republica Democratică Moldovenească . From January 1918 this republic was occupied by troops of the Kingdom of Romania. In January 1918, while attempting to cross the Dniester , the Sfatul-Țării MPs Grinfeld, Vasily Rudjew, Fyodor Kotaros, Dmitri Prachnizki, Ivan Panzyr, Pyotr Tschumachenko and Nikolai Kowsan were shot by Romanian gendarmes . In December 1918, the Republica Democratică Moldovenească was annexed by the Kingdom of Romania.
Under the name Frieda Königschatz, Grinfeld and her father were the main characters in Semjon Jefimotisch Resnik's play and Roman Krowawaja Karussel (Bloody Carousel ) .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Leopold H. Haimson , Ziva Galili y Garcia, Richard Wortman: The making of three Russian revolutionaries: voices from the Menshevik past . 1987.
- ^ Jews involved in public life of Bessarabia, from Annual books of 1862, 1872, 1875 and 1893 (accessed March 16, 2020).
- ↑ Псевдоним: Мария К. (accessed on March 16, 2020).
- ↑ Rebekka Denz: Bundists: women in the general Jewish workers' union ("Bund") depicted on the basis of the Yiddish biographical collection "Doires Bundistn" . Universitätsverlag Potsdam, 2009, p. 55 .
- ↑ Продолжаем путешествие по страницам старых еврейских газет Молдовы, чтобы вспомнить, как ващзрожнась . In: Наш голос . No. 2, 3 , 1992 ( [1] [accessed March 16, 2020]).
- ^ Jack Jacobs: Bundist Counterculture Interwar Poland . Syracuse University Press, 2009, pp. 84 .
- ↑ DUILIU ZAMFIRESCU: ÎN BASARABIA . Editura Biblioteca Bucureştilor, Bucharest 2012 ( [2] [PDF; accessed on March 16, 2020]).
- ↑ ПРОГУЛКИ ПО КИШИНЁВУ (accessed March 16, 2020).
- ↑ § 4. Нашествие румынских армий (accessed on March 16, 2020).
- ↑ Евреи Бессарабии (accessed March 16, 2020).
- ↑ ТРАГЕДИЯ НА ДНЕСТРЕ. МНЕНИЯ. Интервью с Петром Шорниковым. Часть II (accessed March 16, 2020).
- ↑ Кровавая карусель (accessed March 16, 2020).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Grinfeld, Nadejda |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Гринфельд, Надежда (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian-Moldovan revolutionary and politician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1887 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Chisinau |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1918 |