Neuhausen fools' association
The Narrenbund Neuhausen 1965 e. V. is a carnival club in the tradition of the Swabian-Alemannic carnival and the Rhenish Carnival . The first evidence of the carnival in Neuhausen auf den Fildern can be found in 1447. The association is a member of the Bund Deutscher Karneval and, with around 1,600 members, the largest association in the State Association of Württemberg Carnival Associations .
history
Origin of the Fasnet in Neuhausen
The actual Carnival draws its origins from Lent . Mardi Gras is the day before Ash Wednesday on which the 40-day fasting period begins; In addition, this day was the annual deadline for submitting the interest to the respective rulers of the communities.
A traditional type of delivery was the " carnival hen ", which was then consumed in abundance before the actual fasting period began. The fact of the delivery of a carnival hen leads to the first documentary reference to the existence of the carnival in Neuhausen, in 1447. Further historical entries exist for the years 1512, 1533 and 1600.
The fact that Neuhausen consisted of a predominantly Catholic population - the surrounding communities were mostly Protestant - gave the community the reputation of celebrating Fasnet in an excellent way. This fact basically represents the actual beginning of the carnival in Neuhausen, but only around 1781 are indications of the appearance of masked fools. Basically, mummery was always forbidden, but it always broke through. Historical events such as the Second World War made the street façade almost disappear, but it could never be completely eradicated. The establishment of the Narrenbund set new accents that continue to this day.
Typical Neuhauser figures of the street carnival
The clown or bajazz , whose origin is not traceable, is the actual representative of the carnival.
The Schlamp represents an old woman in a peasant fashion. This has its origins in the fact that Neuhausen was a very poor community at the time: therefore only “everyday clothes” were used as disguise. The increasing brutality and wilderness of the street carnival in the post-war years increasingly led to a messy and ugly representation of this carnival figure, up to the appearance of a witch . The original bitch can still be seen on the street fair today.
First approaches to an "orderly" carnival
After the street carnival was by and large rather an unorganized, random event, a carnival procession was organized for the first time by the choir "Eintracht" in 1886 . In 1896, after a performance by the male singing society, a large parade through Neuhausen took place. The ensuing war years and the related economic and political conditions meant that up to and including 1921 all foolish events were doomed to failure, the carnival was dormant.
Foundation of the Neuhausen fool's association
As already mentioned, the development of the Fasnet was not always in order. Insults, insults and violent acts by masked people could no longer be reconciled with freedom from fools. In the knowledge of these negative developments and in the awareness of the positive change in the appearance of the Neuhäuser Fasnet, it was decided in 1965 to found a fool's organization at the Löwen inn: the fools' association was born. The aim and purpose of the Narrenbund is to maintain and promote the traditional carnival tradition. Both Swabian-Alemannic carnival and carnival elements are included. Since then, in the 5th season of the year, the fool's cry “Auf die Pauke Haut'se - Bauze, Bauze” has been echoing through the streets.
Figures and groups of the Neuhausen Narrenbund
Masks and traditional groups
The Rotenhane of Neuhausen
In the period from 1655 to 1796, the Lords of Rotenhan appeared in Neuhausen. They belonged to the Franconian nobility. The first of them who came into contact with Neuhausen was Georg Wolf von Rotenhan. He was in the service of the Bishop of Bamberg as chamberlain and country steward. He also held the position of imperial magistrate. Georg Wolf von Rotenhan probably met his future wife Margaretha Susanna von Neuhausen at the court in Bamberg . In 1650 he married the sixteen year old. He felt safe in the hope that the Neuhausen manor would come into his possession, even though the same was already declared by the Austrian fiefdom to be "done and fallen back", since apart from his wife Margaretha Susanna there were no male descendants entitled to inherit. This hope was fulfilled after the emperor finally enfeoffed him with the manor due to his recognized services and he thus became lord of Neuhausen. This Rotenhan sprout took up residence in Bamberg, to which he was bound by the service of the prince-bishop. He was not popular with his subjects. He installed a violent bailiff and even approved of his “all sorts of innovations”, which ultimately led to a peasant rebellion.
Inspired by historical events, Martin Neumann created the first three Rotenhan masks in 1964. The hand-carved wooden masks represent a stylized rooster head. All masks created to date show a different facial expression and were individually made for the individual mask wearer. What they all have in common is the beak reaching from ear to ear and the distinctive teeth. The so-called wattles are attached to the cheeks and a red cockscomb from the forehead to the neck completes the mask. The red jacket with red feathers sewn on the back is important on the hat. At the front of the jacket you can find the old Neuhausen coat of arms on the left. Yellow stockings and black half-boots are worn with three-quarter-length trousers, which are also red. The shoulders are covered by a red-brown feather collar. The Rotenhane are an all-male group.
Neuhausen witches
The Neuhausen Witches were founded in 1966. In the first few years there was no uniform clothing. Everyone attracted what they found in the attic. The masks were made of rubber at the time. In 1971 the witches got their first uniform hat . In 1974 the Neuhausener Häs was introduced, as it is still worn today. The basis for the color selection was the Neuhausen coat of arms and the colors of the Catholic Church, i.e. red, greetings, white and yellow. The Neuhausen witches are a purely male group.
Digger
Trade played a very important role in Neuhausen. As early as 1889, 250 people in Neuhausen lived from trading in vegetables, eggs, meat and chickens. The trading area stretched from Neuhausen to Kirchheim , across the Swabian Alb to Stuttgart . The distance was covered on foot with baskets and carts . These women were called diggers. The word comes from Gredda in German basket. Within the fools' union, the diggers are a purely women's group. The group was founded in 1960 and has owned wooden masks since 1993.
Beer wake
The beer wakes should remind of the traditional Neuhausen pastries, the beer wakes, which was created by a Neuhausen baker. The hat consists of approx. 1400 felt patches in two different colors, which are sewn onto the jacket and trousers in a precisely defined pattern. Of course, the beer wakes at the parades distribute the pastries that gave the group its name.
Neuhausen coat of arms lions
The coat of arms of the community of Neuhausen was created in 1296. It was then awarded by the ruling emperor to the lords of Neuhausen. The original coat of arms of the municipality shows a red lion on a green branch. The heraldic lions are also a purely female group.
Leech sea ghosts
Originally the idea of creating a forest man was discussed; In the end, however, the Egelsee won the name of the ghosts at the end of Neuhausen. In the past there was a lake in which, according to a legend, a ghost lived in the reeds of the lake on dark and foggy nights .
Wild boar
The Sauhag in Neuhausen auf den Fildern has always been a natural habitat for wild boars . The name “Sauhag” cannot be derived directly from the wild boar, but from its historically verifiable use as a forest itself. Due to the increasing use of forests for recreational and recreational purposes by humans, the wild boar increasingly lacked the necessary rest and retreat area. However, this is history. You could say almost that since the establishment of the mask group "Wildsäu" in 1984, the wild boar in Sauhag increased again rapidly. Today the joggers in Sauhag are afraid of the wild boars, just as the spectators on the parade routes are afraid of our notorious “pig heap”.
Bell Peter
The story of the Schellen-Peter is based on the troubled times of 1729–1730 in Neuhausen. These years were marked by the dispute between the ecclesiastical and secular local rulers in Neuhausen. In 1729 there was a dispute over the "Tenth of the Brachäcker" between the local pastor Edelmann and the local lord Joachim Ignatius von Rothenhan. The subjects also took advantage of the quarrel between the rulers. Suddenly the stately forests were plundered, the herds of cattle driven to their fields and meadows and wine sold without paying taxes to the authorities. Almost all commandments and prohibitions were violated. The subjects ran through the streets and shouted "Neuhausen Freihausen". After the death of the local pastor Edelmann in 1730, there was another dispute between the ecclesiastical and secular local rulers in Neuhausen, this time about his inheritance. There were disputes between the magistrates Peter Friton and Philipp Fuchs with the church representatives. The two magistrates and 21 other subjects entered the rectory on July 3, 1730 and tore the church seal on the rectory. On July 22, 1730, the magistrates were expelled from the church. According to legend, they were driven into the surrounding forests -> parts of animals and plants from the forests are part of the mask. For this reason the magistrates Peter Friton and Philipp Fuchs as well as the 21 other men were excommunicated 7 days later (7 bells) on July 29th, the festival of Peter and Paul.
Rubbish
The mask group "Schindluder" is based on the historical figure of the slut from the earliest times of the Neuhausen street carnival. Back then, people took to the streets in traditional costumes of the slut and the clown, in order to celebrate the last days before the heavy Lent once again in a colorful and frank manner. The clown embodied the booby or peasant, the slut, on the other hand, was the old woman in the peasant fashion. The slut wore several skirts, a headscarf, and a stole and camouflaged her face with a cloth with cut holes. The costume should conceal the true identity, so that it could be drifting undetected and colorful. Sluts carried a basket or pushed a stroller on which they loaded their victims and made themselves felt with rattles or bicycle bells as they ran at speed. The mask group owes its name to the ancient custom of purification . Accordingly, a rogue informs his victim about his inclination and characteristics - Unfortunately, it is not known whether it always helps and is difficult to judge even today.
Fleinsbach beaver
The idea was to found a new mask group, these should be the bed rats! Unfortunately, nothing about it was to be found in the Neuhausen Chronicle. How good that while reading you stumbled across a beaver farm that used to be at home on what is now Schurwaldstrasse. A son of Radio Burkard in Esslingen had set up an artificial lake for the animals there. Apparently there was now and then a curious beaver who busted and caused one or the other damage on his adventure tour. And so it came to a disgraceful act: the entire beaver breeding was poisoned !
This is the basis for the idea for the new mask group: Some beavers have survived, fled to the neighboring Waagenbach and are now coming from the Fleinsbach at the carnival to demonstrate and draw attention to the killing of beaver breeding. Maybe even to get revenge? The Fleinsbach beavers were born!
Moss Mala
With your "mischievous look", the mask represents a slightly tipsy Swabian fruit farmer who enjoys his life and above all his good moss . The Häs takes up elements of the fruit trees and is handcrafted with blossoms, twigs and an apple. The connection to the earth in the form of dark brown trousers symbolizes the tree trunk.
Every year in autumn, the group collects apples and pears from local orchards so that visitors to the move and, of course, other hauliers can enjoy this . During the parades Mooscht is served to the grown-ups and delicious apple juice to the little ones, as well as crunchy apples.
Neuhausen clown
As early as the 17th century, the clown - always a clone in Neuhausen - was spoken and brought to Catholic Neuhausen by immigrants from France and Italy . In earlier decades there was probably no carnival chest in Neuhausen that did not contain at least one clown costume in different colors. Over 100 years ago, on February 20, 1909, the Esslinger Zeitung reported on the clown at the carnival parade and in 1904 he was mentioned in the carnival wreath of the choral society.
At the old Neuhausen street carnival, the clown and Schlamp roamed the alleys and today these traditional figures are an integral part of the move. Since 2000, these two figures have also been officially recognized by the LWK regional association.
Bossa loft
The sheep pasture was already given to foreign tenants by the rulers . From 1772–1791 Jakob Dörner from Flehingen near Karlsruhe was a tenant. After the lease contract with the violent Dörner had expired in 1791, the community offered the rulership 750 guilders rent. She wanted to oust Dörner because he had done a lot of damage since then. When Dörner found out about this, he offered the rulers 800 guilders. So a dispute arose between Dörner and the community, which only ended after the community had offered the rulers an annual rent of 1,100 guilders . Dörner couldn't offer anything more and was therefore out of the running.
The lordship now left the sheep farming to the community. Jakob Dörner, however, who was thus finally expelled from Neuhausen, took revenge in his own way: Since that time, until today, he has appeared once a year, always at carnival time, in Neuhausen, and drives his flock of sheep through the streets accordingly his saying: "Grad zom - Bossa"!
Neuhauser Schlamp
Alongside the clowns, the slut figure is the oldest fool figure of the Neuhauser Fasnet and was first mentioned in writing at the end of the 18th century . This old woman figure of Schlamp was one of the main motif elements of the wild street carnival in Neuhausen until the 1960s. At that time, clothing included everything that the attic at home had in terms of old clothes and objects: old skirts, an apron, a stole and a head covering, often a wedding towel, but often a tablecloth was also sufficient. A simple cloth or a piece of curtain fabric was usually used as a mask. As utensils, the Schlamp carried a handbag, a handle basket, a sun or umbrella, the dried Saubloder or an old pram. From this figure of the Neuhauser Schlamp several other groups emerged in the course of the year.
Sauhag Eichele
The origin of the Sauhag Eichele refers to a forest area in Neuhausen on the Fildern, the Sauhag . The Sauhag has its origin from the term " Hag ", a demarcated alpine pasture area. This pasture area was made available to the population by the rulers of Neuhausen as sow pasture ( acorn fattening ). The large number of acorns in this area was a sought-after collector's item for the poor. In the bad times the acorns were used to feed the cattle and to make flour or oil. The acorns were also found food for the large wild boar.
The mask, carved from linden wood, represents an acorn with a laughing gnome face. The nose carved as an acorn is outstanding. The mask is complemented by a hood made of green felt oak leaves and small brass bells.
The hat consists of a brown wool jacket with a stand-up collar and box pleat. The front clasp is decorated with small wooden signs and green felt sheets. The trousers are three-quarter-length trousers made of rust-brown linen fabric. This includes a bag made of oak leaves, gauntlets in shades of brown, brown boots, brown woolen gloves and an individual wooden trunk with a bird's nest.
literature
- Slut, clown and prince carnival. For Mardi Gras and Neuhausen Carnival. Self-published, Neuhausen ad F. 1987.