Großer Steinberg natural forest cell

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Coordinates: 50 ° 55 '50.5 "  N , 7 ° 8' 38.1"  E

Großer Steinberg natural forest cell

The Großer Steinberg natural forest cell is one of 75 natural forest cells in North Rhine-Westphalia.

location

The Großer Steinberg natural forest cell is located within the Königsforst in the southeast of Cologne in the urban area of Bergisch Gladbach . The forest area is located in the natural spatial main unit Bergische Heideterrasse (550). The Brück-Forsbacher Weg runs north of the natural forest cell. The Steinbruchsweg borders the forest area in the south and the Jagersweg in the east. The natural forest cell has a size of 45.3 hectares and is thus above the average of 22.5 hectares in North Rhine-Westphalia. The forest area includes the northern slope of the Great Stone Mountain , the hill of which rises to 131.5 m above sea level. NHN and is located south of the natural forest cell. The 136.3 meter high Mergelsberg borders in the east and the Kleine Steinberg runs in the west of the area at a height of 97.6 m above sea level. NHN north of the Selbach. The terrain slopes down in an east-west direction. The forest area is 110–125 m above sea level. NHN in the lowland level, which climatically corresponds to the planar altitude level. Forecasts on the distribution of tree species are based on the altitude level, which is an important characteristic of the suitability of the location in forestry .

The headwaters of the Selbach are located within the forest area.

Geology and soil

geology

As a result of erosion, thin flowing earths formed on the slopes of the forest area in the Pleistocene and deposited on layers of sandstone under the Devonian Mountains.

ground

The types of soil in the natural forest cell range from loamy sand to very sandy loam . In the Selbachtal the groundwater-influenced soil type low moor - gley is predominant. In the floodplain, fen peat defines the top three decimeters of the soil. The pseudogley soil type then occurs in the waterlogged areas . Pseudogley brown earth and brown earth occur in the areas with less waterlogging . This applies in particular to the upper slopes of the natural forest cell.

Expulsion

The forest area was designated as a natural forest cell in 2004 and left to develop naturally. Natural forest cells are called natural forest reserves in other federal states . They correspond to the unused or hardly used forests according to the international protected area categories of IUCN (International Union on the Conservation of Nature) and Forest Europe .

The function of the natural forest cell is, in addition to researching the natural life cycle in the forest ecosystem , to safeguard naturally occurring processes. It also serves as a reference area for ecological forest management in North Rhine-Westphalia.

flora

The trees removed from forest use differ little from the surrounding forest. The Königsforst represents a core area of ​​a European forest biotope network.

The mixed forest consists of an uneven- aged beech stand (Fagus sylvatica) , which is surrounded by deciduous and coniferous trees such as sessile oak (Quercus petraea), Norway spruce (Picea abies), sycamore maple ( Acer pseudoplatanus ), European larch ( Larix decidua ) and common Douglas fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii ) is interspersed. Without human intervention, a grove beech forest (Luzulo-Fagetum) would develop as potential natural vegetation (pnV) on the site . Acidic beech forests are mostly herbaceous, deciduous forests characterized by red beeches in locations with poor base or acidic soil.

In 2005, the beeches in the natural forest cell were between 75 and 85 years old. The relatively young book holdings at that time contrasted with individual oaks that were around 185 years old.

Within two core cells of 1 hectare each, every single tree is under scientific observation.

Protected areas

The natural forest cell is located within the 2,517 hectare bird protection and FFH area Königsforst (DE-5008-302) as well as the 1,572.6 hectare nature reserve (GL-038) of the same name . The two Natura 2000 areas are part of the European Natura 2000 system of protected areas .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Overviews of the areas of the NWR - as of June 14, 2018
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g 74 Großer Steinberg. In: Atlas of the natural forest cells. The State Institute for Ecology, Land Management and Forests NRW (LÖBF), accessed on April 11, 2019 .
  3. ↑ GEOportal.NRW: Naturwaldzellen (NWZ). Office of the IMA GDI in North Rhine-Westphalia / Ministry of the Interior of North Rhine-Westphalia, accessed on May 2, 2019 .
  4. ↑ a b Michael Petrak, Margit Lödige, Peter Meyer, Andreas Neitzke, Frank Raimer, Olaf Simon, Klaus Striepen, Rudi Suchant, Jürgen Eylert: Monitoring in the forest - the basis for silviculture, hunting and nature conservation. In: Nature in NRW. State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection North Rhine-Westphalia, April 2012, accessed on May 2, 2019 .
  5. ↑ Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Dirk R. Schmatz, Laure Gallien, Christian Körner, Barbara Huber, Monika Frehner, Meinrad Küchler and Achilleas Psomas: Impacts of climate change on the forest: Distribution of tree species and suitability for location. In: Forests in Climate Change: Basics for Adaptation Strategies. Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN), Federal Research Institute WSL, 2016, accessed on April 1, 2019 .
  6. ↑ GEOportal.NRW. State of North Rhine-Westphalia, Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy, 2019, accessed on April 11, 2019 .
  7. ↑ GEOportal.NRW: Soil map for site exploration 1: 5000 of North Rhine-Westphalia. Geological Service NRW on behalf of the State Forest Administration NRW, 1992, accessed on May 2, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Profile of the Großer Steinberg natural forest cell
  9. ↑ a b Wilderness forest and natural forest cell: parts of the Königsforst nature reserve have been withdrawn from forestry use ... Bündnis Heideterrasse e. V., December 13, 2014, accessed April 11, 2019 .
  10. ^ Ingeborg Bauer, Susanne Thimm: Conference 40 years of natural forest research in North Rhine-Westphalia. In: Nature in NRW. State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection North Rhine-Westphalia, April 2012, accessed on May 2, 2019 .
  11. ↑ a b c Natura 2000 no. DE-5008-302. Ministry of the Environment, Agriculture, Nature and Consumer Protection of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, accessed on April 11, 2019 .
  12. ↑ LRT 9110 - Hainsimsen-beech forests. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, accessed on May 2, 2019 .
  13. ↑ The roots of the royal forest
  14. ↑ Nature reserves and the Eifel National Park in North Rhine-Westphalia: Koenigsforst Nature Reserve (GL-038). State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection North Rhine-Westphalia (LANUV NRW), accessed on April 11, 2019 .

Web links

Commons : Großer Steinberg (Naturwaldreservat)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files