Missa in angustiis
The Missa in angustiis ("Mass in distress"; also Nelson Mass , Hob. XXII: 11) in D minor is the 11th Mass composition by Joseph Haydn (1732-1809) and was written in 1798. It was in the same Year premiered in the parish church in Eisenstadt , after a performance in the mountain church was originally planned.
background
Haydn wrote the mass for his long-term client and patron Prince Esterhazy . As its name suggests ("Mass in distress"), the mass was created at a difficult time, namely during the Napoleonic wars , the so-called " French Era ". This can also be seen in the fact that this is the only Haydn mass that is written in a minor key. The line-up also consists of three trumpets , as the prince had dismissed his woodwinds . The original line-up was thus: strings , trumpets, organ and timpani . Haydn later added woodwind and horn parts.
The mass classically includes Kyrie , Gloria , Credo , Sanctus, Benedictus and Agnus Dei . It has many dark-sounding moments, but also cheering trumpet fanfares.
nickname
The work is said to owe its nickname to the fact that the British Admiral Horatio Nelson paid a visit to Prince Nicholas II Esterházy on his return voyage from the victorious naval battle of Alexandria (near Abukir), where he almost destroyed the French fleet, where he ( Lord Nelson) was performed in honor of this mass.
Another legend has it that while working on the mass, Haydn learned that Nelson had defeated Napoleon at Abukir. The trumpet fanfares within the Benedictus are also attributed to this.
construction
The fair is divided into six parts:
Kyrie
- 1. Kyrie eleison. Allegro moderato. Soprano solo, choir and orchestra (Tutti)
Gloria
- 2. Gloria in excelsis deodorant. Allegro. Solos SATB, Tutti
- 3. Qui tollis. Adagio. Solos SB, Tutti
- 4. Quoniam tu solus sanctus. Allegro. Solos SATB, Tutti
Creed
- 5. Credo in unum Deum. Allegro con spirito. Tutti
- 6. Et incarnatus est. Largo. Solos SATB, Tutti
- 7. Et resurrexit. Vivace. Soprano solo, Tutti
Sanctus
- 8. Sanctus. Adagio - Allegro. Tutti
Benedictus
- 9. Benedictus. Allegretto - Allegro. Solos SATB, Tutti
Agnus Dei
- 10. Agnus Dei. Adagio. Solos SATB
- 11. Dona nobis pacem. Allegro vivace. Tutti
See also
- Missa in tempore belli ("Timpani Mass")
literature
- HC Robbins Landon : Missa in Angustii's D minor “Nelson Mass”. Hob. XXII: 11. Study score. Publishing house Eulenburg.
Web links
- Mass in D minor, Hob.XXII: 11 (Haydn, Joseph) : Sheet music and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project
- Sheet music in the public domain of Missa in angustiis in the Choral Public Domain Library - ChoralWiki (English)
- Description of Haydn's Latin masses at Carus-Verlag