Nettle-leaved bellflower

Nettle-leaved bellflower
	Nettle-leaved bellflower ( Campanula trachelium )
Systematics
	Asterids
	Euasterids II
Order :	Astern-like (Asterales)
Family :	Bellflower family (Campanulaceae)
Genre :	Bluebells ( campanula )
Type :	Nettle-leaved bellflower
Scientific name
	Campanula trachelium
	L.

Nettle-leaved bellflower ( Campanula trachelium )

The nettle-leaved bellflower ( Campanula trachelium ) is a plant from the genus of bellflowers ( Campanula ) and the family of the bell flower plants (Campanulaceae). The specific epithet trachelium is derived from the Greek word τραχύς = rough and refers to the stiff hair on the stem.

features

The herbaceous plant is perennial and is up to 110 cm high. Its angular, hairy stem and the heart-egg-shaped, double-serrated, also hairy leaves make the plant appear like a nettle at first glance .

Its up to 5 cm large blue flowers open in the typical bell shape. The flowers are arranged in slightly leafy clusters and have delicate ciliate edges.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 34.

ecology

The nettle-leaved bellflower is a semi-rosette plant.

The flowers are pronounced pre-male "bluebells with sticky pollen". In the bud , the pollen is deposited on the stylus brush and then later released by pulling back the stylus hair; one speaks here of secondary pollen presentation. The stylus serves as a climbing pole for visitors. The stamens are widened at the base and must be pushed to the side by the visitors so that they can get to the nectar . Pollinators are various insects , particularly bees including bumblebees . Since the scar flaps are finally bent back to the stylus brush, self-pollination is also possible. The blue of the flowers immediately turns red after adding a drop of acid. The flowering period is between July and August.

The fruits are hanging pore capsules with hinged openings at the base that close when wet. Because of the persistent, protruding sepals , the fruits are animal and wind shakers. The very light seeds are also spread out as granular flyers; they are light and frost germs.

Occurrence

The plant loves moist, deep loamy soil, but is also content with stony subsoil. It is a character species of the order Fagetalia and occurs mainly in societies of the Carpinion Association and in the Carici-Fagetum or Tilio-Aceretum. It occurs in Europe , North Africa and the Middle East .

Systematics

One can distinguish the following subspecies:

Campanula trachelium subsp. athoa (Boiss. & Heldr.) Hayek : It occurs from the Balkan Peninsula to northwestern and southern Turkey.
Campanula trachelium subsp. mauritanica (Pomel) Quézel : It occurs in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia.
Campanula trachelium subsp. trachelium : It occurs from Europe to Central Asia and in Algeria.

Common names

For the nettle-leaved bellflower, there are or existed, in some cases only regionally, the other German-language trivial names : brown thimble, brown bells, neckwort, neckwort, Huckblatt ( Saxony ), Huckwort, Hukosbleder (mentioned 1659) and suppository.

swell

Entry on the species on FloraWeb
Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of plants in Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait. 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .

Individual evidence

↑ Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).
↑ ^a ^b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 893 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Campanula - data sheet at World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Last accessed on April 5, 2016.
^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 76. ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Nettle-leaved bellflower ( Campanula trachelium ) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Nettle-leaved bellflower. In: FloraWeb.de.
Nettle-leaved bellflower . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
Campanula trachelium L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved April 5, 2016.
Area map
Thomas Meyer: Bellflower data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )

[Gen-1] Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).

[Oberdorfer2001-2] Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 893 .

[WCSP-3] Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Campanula - data sheet at World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Last accessed on April 5, 2016.

[4] Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 76. ( online ).