Newfoundland

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Newfoundland
Newfoundland
FCI Standard No. 50
2.2 mountain dogs
Origin :

Canada

Patronage :

FCI

Alternative names:

Newfoundland

Withers height:

on average
males 71 cm,
females 66 cm

Weight:

on average
males 68 kg
bitches 54 kg

Varieties :
  • black
  • White black
  • brown
List of domestic dogs

The Newfoundland dog is an FCI recognized breed of dog that originated in Canada ( FCI Group 2, Section 2.2, Standard No. 50 ).

Origin and history

The home of the Newfoundland is the Canadian Atlantic island of Newfoundland . The exact origin, however, is in the dark. It is generally believed that in the creation of today's Newfoundland, numerous European dogs brought to the island by European fishermen mixed with the dogs of the Micmac and Beothuk Indians living on the island .

The Newfoundland dog, first mentioned in the 18th century by an English captain named Cartwright as the "Newfoundland dog", served the fishermen on Newfoundland as a workhorse. The Newfoundland is a national animal symbol of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador .

The first surviving exhibition of a Newfoundland dog is dated to 1860 in Birmingham . The breed was recognized by the AKC in 1886. In the same year, the first English breed club was founded.

description

The Newfoundland dog is massive and has a strong, well-muscled physique. The sequence of his movements is well coordinated. The dense, water-repellent fur with a strong but soft undercoat makes it appear even more massive.

The FCI breed standard allows three colors: black, brown and white-black. The home countries England (until 1949 Newfoundland was a colony of Great Britain ) and Canada each have their own breed standards, some of which differ from those of the FCI.

  • Brown Newfoundland dog

  • Young white and black Newfoundland dog

In addition to the standard colors, there are also color varieties that are not desirable in breeding. In the home country Canada, for example, the brown color does not correspond to the breed standard. In the US, the gray Newfoundland dog complies with the standards. Apart from the color gray, which is controlled by the dilute gene and can lead to hair loss ( blue dog syndrome ), the undesired colors are harmless to health.

The Landseer breed developed from the white and black type .

health

The Newfoundland dog is severely affected by orthopedic hereditary diseases and dispositions : hip dysplasia , elbow dysplasia and cruciate ligament rupture are common in the breed. As with other large dog breeds, dilated cardiomyopathy and bone cancer are above average in the Newfoundland dog . Certain Newfoundland breeding lines also seem to need a higher taurine content in their food than other dog breeds due to a hereditary metabolic defect . A possible connection between taurine deficiency and cardiomyopathy is still being discussed.

The following hereditary diseases and dispositions are described:

The breed's life expectancy is below average. On average, 22% of all Newfoundland dogs die before the age of five, 42% before the age of eight, and 62% do not live to be ten years old.

use

Illustration from 1845. Original text: "Training of Newfoundland dogs to rescue drowning people."

The Newfoundland dog is described in the breed standard as a sled dog for heavy loads and as a water dog . It is often used as a water rescue, guard and companion dog. In a report in the Illustrirten Zeitung in 1845 about a "rescue facility for drowning people in Paris" it says:

“It is well known that the Newfoundland dog race swims excellently and is easy to train with its great natural abilities, while its strong physique enables it to move a fairly considerable load by swimming. On this basis, a rescue mode has now been built, with which one has already achieved significant successes [...] "

Essence

The Newfoundland dog is considered friendly, calm and balanced. Characteristics such as aggressiveness and shyness are referred to as faults in the breed standard.

Web links

Commons : Newfoundland dog  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ JR Smallwood and RDW. Pitt, Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador , Vol. 1, extract letter D, p. 631, Newfoundland Book Publishers (1967) Ltd. On-line
  2. ↑ JR Smallwood and RDW. Pitt, Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador , Vol. 1, extract letter D, p. 632, Newfoundland Book Publishers (1967) Ltd. On-line
  3. ^ Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage, Memorial University, St. John's Online
  4. ^ Joanna Kosloff: Newfoundlands . Barron's Educational Series, 2006, ISBN 0-7641-3399-3 , pp. 10 .
  5. ↑ Breed information from the AKC
  6. ^ Information from The Newfoundland Club
  7. ↑ a b FCI breed standard ( MS Word ; 35 kB)
  8. ↑ Breed Standard of the British Kennel Club Online
  9. ↑ a b Canadian Breed Standard Online ( Memento of the original from December 17, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 47 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ckc.ca
  10. ↑ American Standard Online
  11. ^ S. Schmutz (2008) Genetics of Coat Color in Newfoundland Dogs ; University of Saskatchewan
  12. ↑ JLN Wood, et al .: Heritability and epidemiology of canine hip-dysplasia score in flat-coated retrievers and Newfoundlands in the United Kingdom . In: Prev Vet Med . 46, No. 2, July 20, 2000, pp. 75-86. doi : 10.1016 / S0167-5877 (00) 00140-9 . PMID 10878296 .
  13. ↑ V. Janutta, O. Distl: Review on canine elbow dysplasia: pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevalence and genetic aspects. . In: Dtsch Tierärztl Wochenschr . 115, No. 5, May 2008, pp. 172-181. PMID 18547017 .
  14. ↑ VL. Wilke, et al .: Inheritance of rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament in Newfoundlands . In: JAVMA . 228, No. 1, January 1, 2006, pp. 61-64. PMID 16426167 .
  15. ^ DD Sisson, et al .: Primary myocardial disease in the dog. In: Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine . WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA 2000, pp. 874-895.
  16. ^ G. Ru, et al .: Host related risk factors for canine osteosarcoma. . In: Vet J . 156, No. 1, July 1998, pp. 31-39. PMID 9691849 .
  17. ↑ RC. Backus, et al .: Taurine deficiency in Newfoundlands fed commercially available complete and balanced diets . In: JAVMA . 223, No. 8, October 15, 2003, pp. 1130-1136. PMID 14584742 .
  18. ↑ RC. Backus, et al .: Low plasma taurine concentration in Newfoundland dogs is associated with low plasma methionine and cyst (e) ine concentrations and low taurine synthesis . (PDF) In: J Nutr . 136, No. 10, October 2006, pp. 2525-2533. PMID 16988121 .
  19. ↑ Henthorn PS, et al .: Canine cystinuria: polymorphism in the canine SLC3A1 gene and identification of a nonsense mutation in cystinuric Newfoundland dogs. . In: Hum Genet . 107, No. 4, October 2000, pp. 295-303. PMID 11129328 .
  20. ↑ Kittleson MD, Kienle RD: Small Animal Cardiovascular Medicine . Mosby, St. Louis, Missouri 1998, p. 603.
  21. ↑ rl. Pyle, et al .: The genetics and pathology of discrete subaortic stenosis in the Newfoundland dog . In: Am Heart J . 92, No. 3, September 1976, pp. 324-334. PMID 986114 .
  22. ↑ D. Lipsitz, et al .: Inherited predisposition to myasthenia gravis in Newfoundlands. . In: JAVMA . 215, No. 7, October 1, 1999, pp. 956-958. PMID 10511859 .
  23. ↑ PJ. Watson, et al .: Primary ciliary dyskinesia in Newfoundland dogs. . In: Vet Rec . 144, No. 26, June 26, 199, pp. 718-725. PMID 10423815 .
  24. ↑ A. Egenvall et al .: Mortality in over 350,000 insured Swedish dogs from 1995-2000: II. Breed-specific age and survival patterns and relative risk for causes of death. Acta Vet Scand 46 (3): 121-36, PMID 16261925
  25. ↑ Illustrirte Zeitung, Vol. 04 (1845), p. 328 .