Nicolas Régnier
Nicolas Régnier , in Italy he called himself Niccolò Renieri, (* around 1588 in Maubeuge ; † 1667 in Venice ) was a Flemish Baroque painter who followed Caravaggio and worked in Italy.
Life
Often, due to an incorrectly read birth certificate, 1591 is given as the date of birth, but he was possibly born as early as 1588 and in any case before 1593. Regnier apprenticed to Abraham Janssens in Antwerp , one of the few painters in northern Europe who painted Caravaggio during his lifetime were in Rome. He went via Parma (where he was 1616/17) to Rome , where he was in the first half of the 1620s. There he was, after Joachim von Sandrart, a follower of Bartolomeo Manfredi (one of the first imitators of Caravaggio) and began to paint in the style of Caravaggio or in its interpretation by Manfredi. He was probably already familiar with Caravaggio's painting style through his teacher Janssens and perhaps through Lionello Spada, a painter at the Farnese court in Parma. With Valentin de Boulogne, Régnier was the main representative of a more agreeable, urbane interpretation of the Caravaggio style after Bartolomeo Manfredi (called by Annick Lemoine the poetry of seduction or Caravaggism of seduction ), in contrast to Dutch Caravaggists such as Gerrit van Honthorst and Dirck van Baburen , the Caravaggio himself followed more closely and painted more realistically. Other French Caravaggists were Nicolas Tournier (1590–1639) and Claude Vignon (1593–1670).
At first he lived in Rome with the painters David de Haen and Dirck van Baburen, also Caravaggisti. He was an official painter in Rome and a member of the court of Duke Vincenzo Giustiniani , a former patron of Caravaggio. He was also closely associated with Simon Vouet and other French painters who followed Caravaggio in Rome . Régnier painted genre scenes such as card players, fortune tellers and tricksters, soldiers, carnival scenes, portraits and religious subjects.
In 1626 he went to Venice , where, in addition to painting, he also traded in antiques and paintings, and assembled his own collection, which was widely admired. He painted there less in the manner of Caravaggio, but in a more decorative style, where he was influenced by Guido Reni . He was friends there with the painter Guido Cagnacci . He stayed in Venice until his death.
His paintings are in many museums around the world, so in Budapest (card player and fortune teller), Sarasota (Saint Matthew with angel), Stuttgart (Amnon and Tamar, Pandora), Detroit (Maria Magdalena as penitent), Bordeaux (Renaud and Armide), in the Louvre (fortune tellers / La Diseuse de Bonne Aventure) and in Berlin and Sanssouci (Emmausmahl), Cambridge / Massachusetts (Fogg Art Gallery, self-portrait with easel), Lyon (young woman at the toilet), Dijon (David and Goliath, young man ), Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien (Maria Magdalena), Zwinger in Dresden (Saint Sebastian), Rouen (Saint Sebastian), Grenoble (man with guitar), Rome (Galerie Spada, David and Goliath), Lille (soldiers playing), Hermitage (Johannes the Baptist, Saint Sebastian) and Warsaw (carnival scene, around 1630, i.e. from Venice). A portrait of Gabriel Naudé is in the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris. In particular, the Berlin Gemäldegalerie has paintings from the Giustiniani collection (from which King Friedrich Wilhelm III bought large quantities in 1815), which included nine of Regnier's paintings (including the Potsdamer Emmausmahl) A Saint Jerome from a church in Padua, who was still in 1974 was shown at the Paris Caravaggist exhibition is stolen (as of 2008). In Venice there is a baptism of Christ in the Church of San Salvatore and an Annunciation in the Scuola Grande di San Marco .
Since he painted in a similar style to other Caravaggio successors, many attributions are uncertain. He became better known in particular through an exhibition at the Grand Palais in Paris in 1974 about French Caravaggisti.
He had four daughters (Angelica, Anna, Clorinda, Lucrezia) who were known for their beauty - a daughter Clorinda Renieri married the Venetian painter Pietro della Vecchia (1603–1678) and was a painter herself, another daughter Lucrezia the painter Daniel van den Dyck (1610-1670). Both painters were students of Régnier. It is said that as an art dealer he also traded in forgeries made by his son-in-law Pietro della Vecchia (for example, an alleged Titian self-portrait in the National Gallery in Washington). He had a half-brother Michele Desubleo, who also worked as a painter in Rome and painted in a similar style.
Others
In 2017/18 there was an exhibition dedicated to him at the Art Museum Nantes.
gallery
Carnival scene, 1630, National Museum Warsaw
Card fraudster and fortune teller, 1620–1622, Budapest
Guessing Game, 1620–1625, Uffizi Gallery
John the Baptist, Hermitage
Lute player with girl, private collection
Marchese Vincenzo Giustiniani
Male portrait, Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna
Saint Sebastian, Hermitage
Self-Portrait Painting, Cambridge (full picture)
Mary Magdalene in Penance, Lazienki Palace, Warsaw
Allegory of Vanity / Pandora, 1626, Staatsgalerie Stuttgart
Portrait of a nobleman, private property
Mourning Maria Magdalena, private collection
Fortune teller, Stockholm National Museum
Vanity, around 1626, Lyon
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literature
- Annick Lemoine Nicolas Régnier (alias Niccolò Renieri) approx. 1588-1667 peintre, collectionneur et marchand d'art , Paris: Edition Arthéna 2008 (received the prize of the Syndicat National des Antiquaires)
- Arnauld Brejon Les caravagesques français , exhibition catalog for the exhibition at the Grand Palais , Paris, February – April 1974
- Nicolas Régnier, l'homme libre , exhibition catalog Musée d'Arts Nantes, 2017, Éd. Lienart
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Annick Lemoine in his book
- ↑ The teaching is only for Joachim von Sandrart occupied
- ↑ Beginning between May 1617 or Easter 1620, according to Lemoine
- ^ Annick Lemoine: Nicolas Régnier (alias Niccolò Renieri) approx. 1588-1667. Peintre, Collectionneur et marchand d'art. Paris 2007, p. 236 .
- ↑ A Homer , who plays the violin blindly, from Sanssouci, who is considered a war loss, may be in Russia today (see Didier Rykner's website in 2008 in the web links).
- ^ Nicolas Régnier, L'homme libre , MUSÉE D'ART DE NANTES
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Régnier, Nicolas |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Flemish painter |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1588 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Eye of the mouth |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1667 |
| Place of death | Venice |