Lower Saxony home school Iburg
The Lower Saxony Home School Iburg was a boarding school of the State of Lower Saxony in Bad Iburg (Osnabrück district).
It existed from 1948 to 1971. Classrooms and boarding school were located in the double complex of the castle and Benedictine abbey Iburg , which, with the exception of the former monastery church of St. Clemens and the Evangelical Lutheran castle church, belongs to the state of Lower Saxony.
The school was a Gymnasium in short form (GiK). The advanced high school started with the seventh grade and finished with the Abitur after the 13th school year. The first and second foreign languages were English and French, Latin was an optional subject. The home school placed particular emphasis on music education and sport. The madrigal choir and the singing group were the most successful choirs in the school. They appeared at national events as well as abroad.
As a coeducational grammar school since 1948, the home school differed from the public and private grammar schools in neighboring Osnabrück , where until the late 1960s there were only boys 'and girls' grammar schools .
The educational concept was based on the youth movement and reform pedagogy , especially on the principles of Hermann Lietz .
history
SA sports school, German home school Schloß Iburg
Even before the home school was founded by the state of Lower Saxony, Iburg Castle was the seat of two schools. From 1934 to 1939, the operational Sturmabteilung of the NSDAP in an SA sport school. With the German Heimschule Schloß Iburg , which started operations in autumn 1942, what was then Flecken Iburg received its first secondary school. The home school, which the population called the SS home school, existed until April 10, 1945.
Lower Saxony home school
After the end of the Second World War, the school situation in Lower Saxony was catastrophic; Schools had been destroyed and the existing ones overcrowded. In the southern district of Osnabrück there was no longer a grammar school. By setting up home schools, the state intended to enable the gifted children of refugees and displaced persons in particular to receive an appropriate education. As early as August 6, 1948, Lower Saxony's minister of education, Adolf Grimme, ordered the reopening of the home schools in Bederkesa and Iburg at the beginning of the winter half-year 1948. Other home schools were added in Bad Harzburg , Helmstedt and Wolfenbüttel , most recently in Esens in 1966 .
Lorenz Heiny was appointed director of the home school in Iburg, who led it with the exception of the period from 1953 to 1957, when he was director of the Carolinum grammar school in Osnabrück. Until 1953 Heiny was also the home manager. Heiny had directed the municipal high school for boys in Hildesheim from 1945 to 1948 . Heiny taught German and history. His wife Hanna Heiny also worked as a technical teacher at the home school from 1948 to 1953. In total, the school had more than a hundred teachers at the time of its existence. 407 students passed the Abitur at the school between 1952 and 1971. A large part of the high school graduates took up the teaching profession, including Harry Jahns from the high school graduate class 1954, who taught music and English at the home school from 1970 and founded the palace concerts in the knight's hall in 1975 .
Founding time
Classes began on October 27, 1948. The staff initially consisted of ten teachers, including Albrecht Heise from 1948 to 1950 , who taught German and English. 37 boarding school students and 30 external students were taught. In 1949, the first eleven boarding school students came to move into the building part of the former court pharmacy. In the first few years 45 percent of home school students were half or full orphans.
In 1948, Iburg Castle was structurally in poor condition. Many rooms did not have central heating; up to six boarding school students were accommodated in the bedrooms. Initially, people showered once a week on Saturdays in a room next to the laundry room, where showering consisted of hosing oneself off with a jet of cold water.
The students helped with the renovation and expansion of the rooms and created a former wood and rubble dump below the northern side of the Schlossberg as a sports field. The work began on Pentecost 1949; the first phase of construction was completed in 1951. In 1954 the sports field was expanded again with the participation of the students.
In 1955 the school had all grades. The number of students had risen to 229. 98 boys and 41 girls lived in the boarding school. 40 external students and 40 external students attended the home school. Until 1968 these numbers fluctuated only slightly.
daily routine
The daily routine of the boarding school students was precisely regulated. They were awakened at 6:30 a.m. and at 7:00 a.m. all students gathered to receive instructions for the day. After breakfast, which was started with a prayer, the students, including the external ones, met for morning singing; class started at 8:05 am.
The first big break from 9:30 a.m. to 9:45 a.m. was used for the morning run; participation was mandatory for all students. The path led down from the Burgberg and around the Charlottensee . The pupils were obliged to take part in the gymnastics in the Ulmenhof. After class ended at 1 p.m., boarding school students had a lunch session at 1:10 p.m. Mail was given out; Work assignments were ordered, misconduct reprimanded and sometimes punished with criminal labor services.
After the midday prayer and lunch, there was a strict quiet time from 2 p.m. to 2:30 p.m. The time until 4 p.m. was available for working groups and for activities in the guilds . The guilds' task was, for example, to build and maintain the sports field. There was also the gardeners 'guild, the castle guild, the coal guild, which had to distribute coal for the stoves, the carpenters' guild, the turner's guild, the painters 'guild and the potters' guild, which was housed in the cellar vaults. At 4:05 p.m. there was afternoon coffee.
School homework was done between 4:15 p.m. and 6:50 p.m. At 7 p.m., after a prayer, dinner was taken. The evenings served home life with changing events such as discussion or reading hours, for example in the knight's hall of the castle. The brass band announced that the night would be quiet at 9:30 p.m.
The boarding school students were organized in groups led by an educator and a student as mentor. There was also the knight round , to which new members were elected on the day the school was founded, October 27th. As a special award, teachers and students received the knight's badge as a brooch or pin until 1969. The knight's badge showed a blue flower in a five-spoke wheel. The award could also be withdrawn.
Home order
Life in the home was regulated in a strict home order that was modified in the course of the boarding school's existence. In the dormitory order of 1958 it was said: We submit to the dormitory order not as a compulsion that restricts our life, but as a law that is necessary for the order of our life in the home community. There were precise regulations for personal hygiene, compliance with cleanliness ( the shoes are cleaned daily before dinner ), the room rules ( we generally do not lock our cupboards ), behavior in the home ( we greet politely and friendly in the home and outside or Hands do not belong in their pockets. Adults are opened the doors and let them go first ), table arrangements and table manners, use of the toilet ( no one speaks in the toilets ), use of radio and electrical appliances ( home students are prohibited from using electrical appliances of any kind the pupils of class 13 are allowed to use an immersion heater [...] The school radio is only released with the permission of the supervising educator [...] [...] Permission to watch TV is granted on a case-by-case basis by the home manager. ). Card games, even the possession of playing cards, were prohibited. Weekend and Sunday vacations were regulated. Parents or relatives were generally only allowed to visit them once a quarter. For this, permission had to be obtained by means of a transfer slip. The rules for driving home were relaxed in 1967 and weekend trips were allowed once a month during the teaching months. The boarding school students were allowed to swim in the Iburg swimming pool, but for a maximum of one and a half hours during the day, including on Sunday, the afternoon of which the students at home had free to use. Anyone who violated the provisions of the home regulations had to expect immediate discharge. Love affairs between students also led to expulsion from school.
1968 to 1971
The political and social changes that began with the 1968 movement also affected life in the home school. Traditions such as the morning run were called into question and morning singing was abolished. Headmaster Lorenz Heiny could not stop changes. Former students spoke of an almost “tragic” fight against the newly emerging zeitgeist, which he resolutely rejected and which was largely incomprehensible [...] The first graduate school years had still accepted the strict regiment of the headmaster; For them it had been more important than the children of refugees, some of whom were orphans or half-orphans, to even have the opportunity to attend secondary school. In retrospect, a student of the 1955 Abitur class even spoke of a rescue from otherwise difficult domestic and school conditions that home schooling offered her.
In the second half of the 1960s, the end of home schooling became apparent. The single-run home school only offered space for seven classrooms and was therefore not equipped for larger numbers of students. The school was gradually transferred to the sponsorship of the Osnabrück district ; the boarding school was no longer allowed to accept newcomers. In 1971 the construction of the grammar school in the school center on Bielefelder Strasse in Bad Iburg began. At Easter 1972, 19 students from home received their Abitur. In the same year the Bad Iburg grammar school was named. In its story it refers to home school. The castle continued to be used for educational purposes. From 1973 to 2004 it was the seat of a training center for the Police School of Lower Saxony .
Others
One of the former teachers from 1962 to 1970 was Peter Becker, who later became President of the Hanover University of Music .
literature
- Volker Paul, Gerhard Vollbrecht (Red.): The Lower Saxony Home School Iburg - 1948-1971 Association for Local and Local History Bad Iburg (Ed.) Bad Iburg 2006
- Elke Schäfer, Ute Ocasek-Fürg: Musica, the very lovely art . Songbook of the Heimschule Iburg. Bad Iburg, January 2010.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Volker Paul, Gerhard Vollbrecht (Red): The Lower Saxon Home School Iburg - 1948–1971, p. 49
- ↑ Volker Paul, Gerhard Vollbrecht (Red): The Lower Saxon Home School Iburg - 1948–1971, p. 52
- ↑ Reinhard Beermann, Abitur class 1970, external In: Volker Paul, Gerhard Vollbrecht (Red): The Lower Saxon Home School Iburg - 1948-1971 , p. 124
- ↑ Volker Paul, Gerhard Vollbrecht (Red): The Lower Saxony Home School Iburg - 1948-1971 , p. 110.
- ^ History of the Bad Iburg high school ( Memento from November 17, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
Coordinates: 52 ° 9 ′ 28.5 ″ N , 8 ° 2 ′ 30.5 ″ E