Nonanenitrile

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Structural formula
Structural formula of nonanenitrile
General
Surname Nonanenitrile
other names
  • Pelargonitrile
  • n- octyl cyanide
  • 1-nonanoic acid nitrile
Molecular formula C 9 H 17 N
Brief description

yellowish liquid

External identifiers / databases
CAS number 2243-27-8
EC number 218-808-9
ECHA InfoCard 100.017.100
PubChem 16715
ChemSpider 15846
Wikidata Q27265303
properties
Molar mass 139.24 g mol −1
Physical state

liquid

density

0.82 g cm −3

Melting point

−34 ° C

boiling point

226 ° C

solubility
  • practically insoluble in water
  • soluble in ethanol and diethyl ether
Refractive index

1.426 (20 ° C)

safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases H: no H-phrases
P: no P-phrases
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

Nonanenitrile is a chemical compound from the group of nitriles .

Extraction and presentation

Nonanenitrile can be obtained by reacting 1-bromooctane with a cyanide compound such as sodium cyanide . It can also be obtained by reacting octyl 4-toluenesulfonate with lithium cyanide in tetrahydrofuran or 1-octene with hydrogen cyanide or nonanal with hydroxylamine hydrochloride .

properties

Nonanenitrile is a flammable, hardly ignitable, yellowish liquid that is practically insoluble in water.

use

Nonanenitrile has been used as an organic nitrogen standard in determining a quantitative method for determining ON in ambient atmospheric aerosol.

safety instructions

The vapors of nonanenitrile can form an explosive mixture with air ( flash point 82 ° C).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Entry on nonanenitrile in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 2, 2019(JavaScript required) .
  2. ↑ David R. Lide: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics A Ready-reference Book of Chemical and Physical Data . CRC Press, 1995, ISBN 0-8493-0595-0 , pp. 434 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  3. ↑ a b Data sheet Nonanenitrile, 98% from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on January 2, 2019 ( PDF ).
  4. ↑ G. Pattenden: General and Synthetic Methods . Royal Society of Chemistry, 2007, ISBN 978-1-84755-619-6 , pp. 210 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  5. ↑ Shun-Ichi Murahashi: Science of Synthesis: Houben-Weyl Methods of Molecular Transformations Vol. 19 Three Carbon-Heteroatom Bonds: Nitriles, Isocyanides, and Derivatives . Georg Thieme Verlag, 2014, ISBN 978-3-13-178111-6 , p. 93 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  6. ^ Fritz Ullmann, Wolfgang Gerhartz, Y. Stephen Yamamoto, F. Thomas Campbell, Rudolf Pfefferkorn, James F. Rounsaville: Ullmann's encyclopedia of industrial chemistry . VCH, 1991, ISBN 3-527-20118-1 , pp. 241 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  7. ↑ Virgilio P. Gozum, Robert C. Mebane: Solvent-free and atom efficient conversion of aldehydes into nitriles . In: Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews . tape 6 , 2012, p. 149 , doi : 10.1080 / 17518253.2012.728633 (English).