North Friesland Museum. Nissenhaus Husum

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The Ludwig Nissen House
Entrance from the Ludwig-Nissen-Haus

The Nordfriesland Museum. Nissenhaus Husum is the central museum for the district of North Friesland and the city of Husum . It is located in the Ludwig-Nissen-Haus , a building that was transferred to the city of Husum from Ludwig Nissen's estate .

After extensive renovation work, the Nissenhaus has presented itself since reopening on March 31, 2007 as the North Sea Museum Husum with a focus on the cultural and natural area of ​​the North Sea coast. Since then, the city library has also been located in the Ludwig-Nissen-Haus. In 2016 the North Sea Museum became the “North Friesland Museum. Nissenhaus Husum ".

The exhibition

From 2007 onwards, the North Sea Museum presented itself under the main theme of climate change, then and now - from Rungholt , storm surges , dyke construction and life by the sea . The exhibition has been wheelchair accessible since the modernization. It showed the visitors the nature and culture of the region with an interactive concept. The submerged settlement of Rungholt formed the hook for the topic of life on the coast . This included the following individual topics: Forces of nature and coastal protection , lifestyle in North Friesland , everyday life on the Halligen and natural history .

Another section is dedicated to the museum donor Ludwig Nissen and his collection, from which the museum shows excerpts. Landscapes and portraits by well-known local painters such as Carl Ludwig Jessen , Hans Peter Feddersen and Jacob Alberts can also be seen there. Another area is available for special exhibitions.

For the reopening in 2007, a film was made about the exhibition, in which the country and people as well as important sources of income such as fishing, agriculture, wind power and tourism are presented. In addition, a café was set up, which is operated by the Husum disabled facility Theodor-Schäfer-Berufsbildungswerk (TSBW).

The museum building

architecture

The Ludwig-Nissen-Haus from the front
Ludwig-Nissen-Haus from the side

The three-story museum building was built between 1934 and 1937 according to plans that were already ten years old. In 1924, the founder, Ludwig Nissen, announced a competition for the Volkshaus he wanted . 118 designs from all over northern Germany were received. The triangular gable supported by columns above the entrance portal, which was originally intended, then no longer appeared "monumental" enough. The jury, chaired by Erich Blunck, awarded three prizes of 2,500 Reichsmarks each and recommended five designs for purchase for 500 Reichsmarks each. The purchased design by the Eiderstedt architect Georg Rieve was carried out . Its revision from June 1934 shows three round arches in the high west gable of the characterful entrance facade. They took three symbolic, expressionist ceramics (sea horse, eagle and triton bull) by the Kiel sculptor Alwin Blaue , which symbolize the local landscape. In 1967 they had to be removed for conservation reasons. In connection with the renovation work, however, the ceramics were also refurbished and have since returned to their old location. However, the house remained a torso for a long time. A theater and concert hall was planned as an extension of the entrance rotunda to the east. The collapse of the foundation's finances prevented construction. On February 6, 1986, however, the east wing, which had been planned 62 years ago, was finally completed with the help of the state government, the district of North Friesland and the city of Husum, and the now completed museum building was opened to the public. In 2006 the Ludwig-Nissen-Haus was fundamentally rebuilt according to plans by the architect Gregor Sunder-Plassmann and reopened as the North Sea Museum in the following year .

The founder

Portrait of Ludwig Nissen (1855–1924)

The founder of the Ludwig-Nissen-Haus was the diamond dealer Ludwig Nissen , who was born in Husum, through his will of June 12, 1922, which became legally binding on February 29, 1928. The building was to be a people's house with a museum, library and art gallery based on North American models. These goals were also incorporated into the deed of foundation, which also became legally binding on February 29, 1928. The donation of 2.5 million Reichsmarks as well as museum property was supposed to guarantee the institution's independence from changing political and economic trends. The widow Kathie Nissen topped up the foundation amount in 1930 to a total of three million Reichsmarks.

history

time of the nationalsocialism

The cornerstone was laid on November 2, 1933. The construction was carried out in the following time under the responsibility of Heinrich Clasen (1887-1969), the personal trustee Ludwig Nissens and chairman of the board of trustees of the Nissen Foundation and district administrator of the Husum district . Lorenz Conrad Peters (1885–1949) acted as secretary of the Nissen Foundation during this time . Despite Clasen's removal from office as district administrator by the National Socialists , combined with his transfer to Königsberg and later Allenstein and Stettin , he remained on the board of trustees of the Nissen Foundation. The same applies to the nationally-minded Peters, who was only forced to retire in 1940 due to his membership of the Freemasons . During his time in Stettin, Clasen drove to Husum at least once a month to take care of the foundation's business. Other members of the board of trustees were Thomas Thomsen as a lawyer and notary, Arthur Peters and Heinrich Nissen. On June 13, 1935, Fritz Tidelski (* February 25, 1900, † May 26, 1968) was selected for the post of museum director, which he took up on August 1. Tidelski carried out the construction and management of the Nissenhaus until June 1, 1945.

From 1935 onwards, the museum quickly became the largest national museum on the west coast of Schleswig-Holstein. The house was built at a cost of around 500,000 Reichsmarks. In 1932 the foundation owned nearly $ 1 million in assets. 1,000,000 Reichsmarks were invested in order to secure the maintenance of the house and the collections as well as their supplements from the proceeds of this capital. Much of the assets remained in America, particularly those stuck in the store, which alone amounted to more than $ 500,000. The Nissen Foundation owns a collection of paintings that are significant in number and value, some of which belong to Ludwig Nissen and have been in Germany since 1931. Other works in the museum come from local artists that were acquired by the foundation. The Nissenhaus received around 500 paintings, drawings and sketches from the estate of the painter Richard von Hagn from the city of Husum . In addition, Professor Conrad Fehr bequeathed a collection of his own works to the foundation and Paul Wassily donated his collection of pictures by local artists to the museum. In addition there is the estate of Carl Ludwig Jessen, which came to the Nissenhaus from the widow's estate until 1937. On May 8th and 9th 1937 the Nissenhaus was opened and the Storm memorial was inaugurated.

In the south wing of the house there was a department of the marsh construction office, the state research center West Coast (an authority of the Ministry of Agriculture), which dealt with the practical and scientific questions of land reclamation in the area of ​​Schleswig-Holstein's west coast. In August 1941, at the insistence of the NSDAP, Tidelski was drafted into the Wehrmacht and deployed in Russia. He repeatedly failed to bow to the party's demands. After Tidelski was called up for military service, the Nissenhaus was without a guide. The museum master Kurt Hepprich took over the technical part of the museum, the museum and the administration was taken over under the direction of the board of trustees, in particular by lawyer Thomas Thomsen. A total of 17 exhibitions took place by the end of the war. By July 15, 1944, the museum property was expanded by 874 purchases and donations. The Nissenhaus was occupied by British and American occupation troops from May 12, 1945 to September 12, 1946. At the meeting of the Board of Trustees on June 12, 1945, “it is noted with satisfaction that the Foundation has succeeded in surviving the turmoil of the war. It was able to successfully resist all efforts of the NSDAP to gain influence over the foundation. ”In June 1946 Tidelski returned to Husum from war and internment. The board of trustees decided to terminate further cooperation, as Tidelski had been a member of the NSDAP. By mutual agreement, the Nissen Foundation and Tidelski declared the employment relationship to be terminated with effect from July 1, 1945.

In the post-war period until 1982

Sculpture "Klabautermann" by Walter Rössler (1967) next to the forecourt of the main entrance (under repair in 2009)

From 1947, the natural scientist Erich Wohlenberg (* March 12, 1903, † October 1993) headed the Nissenhaus. As a mudflat researcher, Wohlenberg deepened the geological-historical collections on the history of the west coast. In 1951 and 1957 the museum organized exhibitions of works by the painter Erwin Bowien .

The Ludwig Nissen House 1982–2002

The biologist Klaus-Peter Lengsfeld (1945–2002), who received his doctorate from the Christian-Albrechts-Universität in Kiel in 1975, continued the scientific tradition . He was able to push through an extension, reorganized the financing of the Nissenhaus and took care of the processing of the artistic legacy of Ludwig Nissen and Adolf Brütt and opened up the work of many artists from the west coast, so that the Nissenhaus with its extensive cultural and historical holdings and in connection with the He was able to present the castle in front of Husum and the Husum Maritime Museum as a counterpart to the Schleswig-Holstein State Museum and was able to present the European traveling exhibition Kings of the North Sea in 2000/2001 . Klaus Lengsfeld was also chairman of the Schleswig-Holstein Museum Association for many years.

Costs of the renovation 2002–2007

The renovation cost a total of 2.3 million euros. Funds from the Schleswig-Holstein Fund and the regional program 2000–2006 of the State of Schleswig-Holstein were also used. The client, the Ludwig Nissen Foundation, paid one million euros herself. Further support was received from the State Office for Monument Preservation, the Society for the Preservation of Husum Townscape, the Sparkassenstiftung Schleswig-Holstein , the Sparkassen-Kulturstiftung Nordfriesland , the BINGO! The environmental lottery and the Johan van Wouwer legacy .

Exhibition of the Nordfriesland Museum - Nissenhaus

In the permanent exhibition, ground floor

In the permanent exhibition, which has been redesigned since 2006, the following main themes were shown. At the beginning there was the topic of storm surge with the mystical place and ground monument Rungholt. The historical development of dyke construction and land reclamation on the west coast of Schleswig-Holstein was shown to this day. There were a number of educational museum activities for children. In the folklore department, house models of the typical buildings of the region, traditional costumes and objects of daily life combined with paintings of the population were on display. The North Frisian language was made audible based on the fairy tale Der kleine Häwelmann by Theodor Storm and a Föhr seafarers' room was reconstructed on a 1: 1 scale. In the basement there was a collection of typical coastal animals, especially birds. The Nissen collection was exhibited on the upper floor, and it mainly contains high-ranking works from the 19th and 20th centuries from the USA ( Albert Bierstadt , Rosa Bonheur , Boston, Elisabeth Vilma Lwoff-Parlaghy and Frederic Remington ). A special feature is the first painting completely painted under artificial light, the Blue portrait of Nikola Tesla (1913) by Lwoff-Parlaghy. It is the only painted portrait of the world's power pioneer. Part of the ethnologica in the collection was also on display. This was followed by the “World of Halligen”, an opportunity room on the current development of the west coast and part of the collection on “North Sea Art” (Feddersen, Jessen).

In the basement is the Café Brütt, in which there are sculptures by the artist Adolf Brütt . In the rotunda are the tomb and the ashes of Ludwig and Katharina Nissen.

Fonts

Writings of the North Frisian Museum Ludwig-Nissen-Haus

  • No. 1: Fritz Tidelski (Ed.): Husumer Urkundenbuch 1429–1609 by Professor Ernst Möller
  • No. 2: Horst Apphun: Sankt Marien in Husum. 1953
  • No. 4: Carl Laage: The Storm memorial in the Nissenhaus in Husum. 1958
  • No. 5: Carl Laage: The Stormstätten in Husum "from today and yesterday". 1962
  • No. 12: Erich Wohlenberg (Ed.): Nissenhaus-Nordfriesisches Museum - Husum. 1976
  • No. 13: Cornelius Steckner: The sculptor Adolf Brütt. 1978
  • No. 16: Klaus Lengsfeld: Ludwig Nissen Collection: Husum 1855–1924 New York; Documentation d. Ludwig Nissen's art collection on the occasion of d. Exhibition on his 125th birthday in the Nissenhaus in Husum. 1980
  • No. 17: Klaus Lengsfeld: Erich Duggen - watercolor and graphics 1928–1981. Catalog for the exhibition of the same name. 1982
  • No. 18: Ulrich Schulte-Wülwer: Richard von Hagn - A painter's life between Husum and Dresden. 1983, ISBN 3-88042-216-8
  • No. 22: Klaus Lengsfeld: Erich Duggen - Oil paintings from 6 decades. Catalog for the exhibition of the same name. 1985
  • No. 24: Klaus Lengsfeld (Ed.): Nissenhaus Husum. Extension in 1986 (published on the occasion of the inauguration of the new extension)
  • No. 25: Erich Wohlenberg: Dr. jur. Heinrich Clasen in memory of November 1, 1987, his 100th birthday. 1987
  • No. 26: Klaus Lengsfeld (Hrsg.): Festschrift for the 50th anniversary of the Nissenhaus - North Frisian Museum Husum. 1987, (including on the new section of Husum town history, pp. 18-30)
  • No. 46: Klaus Lengsfeld (Ed.): Halligleben around 1900 . 1998, ISBN 3-8042-0816-9
  • No. 63: Astrid Fick (Ed.): Hans Nicolai Sunde. ISBN 3-89876-189-4
  • No. 66: Magnus Voss and his time in Husum. 2005, ISBN 3-89876-310-2

more publishments

  • Konrad Grunsky, Klaus Lengsfeld: Painted North Friesland, Carl Ludwig Jessen and his pictures . Husum Verlag, 1st and 2nd ed. 1983, ISBN 3-88042-202-8 .
  • E. Schlee, S. Schoubye: Carl Ludwig Jessen . Sønderjyllands Kunstmuseum, Tønder 1976, Commissioned by Nordfriisk Instituut, Bredstedt / Bräist.

Web links

Commons : NordseeMuseum Husum  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Sörensen: Political Development. P. 321 and p. 178
  2. ^ Sörensen: Husum. A politicized provincial town (1914–1949). In: History of Husum. From the beginning to the present. P. 217
  3. ↑ LAS Dept. 761 No. 17542
  4. ↑ Tidelski: The Nissenhaus in Husum. A chronicle 1933–1947.
  5. ↑ No. 16 of the writings of the Nissenhaus
  6. ↑ No. 18 of the writings of the Nissenhaus
  7. ↑ LC Peters: The Nissenhaus in Husum in Buten un in. Low German home letter No. 2, spring 1941
  8. ^ Konrad Grunsky-Peper, Klaus Lengsfeld and Ernst Schlee: Painted North Friesland - Carl Ludwig Jessen and his pictures. Husum 1983
  9. ^ District archive NF stock J 19 No. 58
  10. ↑ LAS-Dr.Tidelski Dept. 460.6 No. 200
  11. ^ Nissenhaus, List of Exhibitions, from August 1937
  12. ^ Nissenhaus - Access Directory for Museum Property, 1936–1992
  13. ↑ Nissen Foundation, session end Trustees First Protocol Book of Nissen Foundation, March 26, 1928 to December 16, 1954
  14. ^ Klaus Lengsfeld: Erich Wohlenberg (1903-1993) [Obituary], In: Nordfriesisches Jahrbuch. New episode Volume 29, 1993, p. 7
  15. ↑ Hauke ​​Bietz: From Queller to Neuland. Erich Wohlenberg as a pioneer of German organic land reclamation. In: Research Center Terramare Reports No. 16. 2006, pp. 9–13
  16. ^ Thomas Steensen : Klaus Lengsfeld †. In: North Friesland. Issue 139, p. 3 (chronicle).
  17. ↑ Pictures from the New and Old World: The collection of the diamond dealer Ludwig Nissen. Contributions by Karin Heise, Klaus Lengsfeld, Hermann Mildenberger and Cornelius Steckner. Schleswig-Holstein State Museum, Cismar Monastery. Neumünster 1993.
  18. ↑ Cornelius Steckner: The sculptor Adolf Brütt. Autobiography and catalog raisonné. Heide in Holstein 1989, ISBN 3-8042-0479-1
  19. ↑ Documentation of the Ludwig-Nissen-Haus 2002 ( Memento of the original from October 12, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / members.fortunecity.de
  20. ^ Klaus Lengsfeld, Dirk Meier: Cattle husbandry and long-distance trade. The west coast landscape of Schleswig-Holstein in the first millennium AD. In: E. Kramer, I. Stoumann and A. Greg: Kings of the North Sea 250–850 AD. Museumsverbund Nordfriesland. Husum 2000, ISBN 90-901395-0-8 , pp. 133-142.
  21. ^ Fries Museum in Leeuwarden (Netherlands), Museum Het Valkhof in Nijmegen (Netherlands), North Frisian Museum Ludwig-Nissen-Haus in Husum, Tyne and Wear Museums in Newcastle upon Tyne (Great Britain), Esbjerg Museum in Esbjerg (Denmark) and Arkeologisk Museum in Stavanger (Norway). To evaluate the cooperation between the countries bordering the North Sea ( Memento from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive )

Coordinates: 54 ° 28 ′ 29 ″  N , 9 ° 3 ′ 22 ″  E