Nordic striped fern
| Nordic striped fern | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fork-striped fern ( Asplenium septentrionale ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Asplenium septentrionale | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) Hoffm. |
The Nordic striped fern ( Asplenium septentrionale ), also known as the northern striped fern or better forked striped fern, is a species of the striped fern family (Aspleniaceae).
features
The Nordic striped fern grows to a height of 15 cm. The fronds are long-stalked, glabrous and shiny. They are composed of two to five unequal bifurcations. The individual leaf sections are linear to oblanceolate. Often they have one or two awl to pointy teeth on both sides.
The spores ripen from July to October.
The species chromosome number is 2n = 144.
Distribution and locations
The Nordic striped fern grows on dry, light-exposed rocks and walls. It only occurs on low-lime or lime-free subsoil. In Central Europe it is an Androsacetalia vandellii order character. He climbs to the alpine altitude level , such. B. in the Allgäu Alps in the Vorarlberg part at Bärenkopf on Hornstein up to 1850 m above sea level.
It occurs in Europe, North Africa, Asia (up to the Himalayas and China) and in North America and Mexico. In Germany it is scattered in the south, rare in the center, and in many cases extinct or lost in the north. In Austria it is often dispersed, extinct in Vienna, endangered in the Alpine foothills and in the Pannonian area .
Systematics
The Nordic Spleenwort was in 1753 by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum under the basionym Acrostichum septentrionale first published . The epithet septentrionalis (= north) is explained by its position as the northernmost representative in the tropical-subtropical genus Acrostichum L. Georg Franz Hoffmann placed it in the genus Asplenium in 1796 .
The Nordic striped fern is divided into two subspecies:
- Asplenium septentrionale subsp. caucasicum Fraser-Jenk. & Lovis (Syn. Asplenium caucasicum (Fraser-Jenk. & Lovis) Viane ): The frond sections are only 1.2 mm wide, their midrib is also relatively narrow. The spores have an average length of 34 µm. This subspecies is diploid with a chromosome number of 2n = 72. It is known from Georgia , Northeast Anatolia , Iran and Pakistan .
- Asplenium septentrionale subsp. septentrionale : The frond sections are 1 to 2 mm wide, their midrib is also relatively wide. The spores are 35 to 45 µm in length. This subspecies is autotetraploid with a chromosome number of 2n = 144. It is widespread, its range corresponds to that of the entire species.
There is also a hybrid between the two subspecies, Asplenium septentrionale nothosubsp. rehmanii Fraser-Jenk. (Syn. Asplenium × direi Viane & Reichstein ), the Asplenium septentrionale subsp. Very similar to septentrionale , but with aborted spores.
Common names
In the German-speaking countries, the other common names urine grass ( Salzburg ), stone fern (Salzburg), Steinschlangenzwang and Kleiner Wiederthon ( Silesia ) are or have been for this plant species, sometimes only regionally .
supporting documents
literature
- Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. Page 77. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 86.
- ↑ a b c Tadeus Reichstein: Asplenium. In: Karl Ulrich Kramer (ed.): Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta . Founded by Gustav Hegi. 3rd, completely revised edition. Volume I. Part 1 Pteridophyta . Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1984, ISBN 3-489-50020-2 , p. 233-235 .
- ^ Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 246 .
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum. Volume 2, Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 1068, digitized .
- ^ Georg Franz Hoffmann: Germany's flora or botanical paperback. Second part for the year 1795, cryptogamy. Johann Jacob Palm, Erlangen 1796, p. 12, digitized .
- ↑ a b Ronald Louis Leo Viane, Tadeus Reichstein: Notes on new or interesting Asplenium species from Western Asia, including comments on Ching & Wu (1985), and Fraser-Jenkins (1992). Reliquiae Reichsteinianae 1. In: BK Nayar, Subhash Chandra, Mrittunjai Srivastava: Pteridology in the new millennium. NBRI Golden Jubilee volume. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston 2003, ISBN 1-4020-1128-8 , pp. 73-105, in particular 89-90, limited preview in the Google book search.
- ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 49, online.
Web links
- Nordic striped fern. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Nordic striped fern . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Asplenium septentrionale (L.) Hoffm. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
- Distribution in the northern hemisphere from: Eric Hultén, Magnus Fries: Atlas of North European vascular plants. 1986, ISBN 3-87429-263-0 at Den virtuella floran (swed.)
- Thomas Meyer: Stripe fern data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
- photos
