Obelisk on Karolinenplatz
The obelisk on Karolinenplatz in Munich is a monument in the Maxvorstadt district . Due to its location at the intersection of three road axes, it can be seen from afar. It was erected as a memorial for the soldiers of the Bavarian Army who died in Napoleon's Russian campaign . The obelisk is registered as an architectural monument in the Bavarian list of monuments.
history
As a member of the Rhine Confederation , Bavaria had to provide troops under Max I Joseph for Napoleon's Russian campaign in 1812. Led by Generals Wrede and Deroy , only 2,000 of the 30,000 men returned. Bavaria turned against France as early as 1813 and took part in the Wars of Liberation .
As early as 1818, Klenze had planned a stone monolith in the shape of an obelisk as a memorial ; it was to stand on Odeonsplatz ; however, transport proved impossible. It was not until 1833 that the simpler version was implemented on Karolinenplatz under Ludwig I. It was not until after 1870 that the green roundabout surrounding the obelisk was created.
For the bronze plates with which the obelisk is clad, 34.6 tons of scrap metal from mostly captured guns were used. Research doubts that the cannons of Turkish warships were recovered from the sea and sunk in the naval battle near Navarino in 1827 .
Building
The monument, designed by Leo von Klenze , stands in the middle of the circular Karolinenplatz . At three levels of marble stands on a square bronze base of the obelisk . The total height of the monument is 29 meters.
At the corners of the base there are rams' heads as ornaments , symbols of the Roman warfare, which are connected to garlands of oak leaves over its side surfaces . The core of the obelisk is made of bricks and covered with bronze panels. The bronze casting was carried out by Johann Baptist Stiglmaier .
Inscriptions
On the four sides of the bronze plinth you can find the following sentences: “The thirty thousand Bavarians who died in the Russian war”, “They too died for the liberation of the fatherland”, “Erected by Ludwig I, King of Bavaria” and finally “Completed on XVIII October MDCCCXXXIII " .
literature
- Alexander Moutchnik (2012): 1812 год в исторической памяти Мюнхена и Баварии. Обелиск на Каролинской площади в Мюнхене как место памяти. [The year 1812 in Munich and Bavaria's memory. The obelisk on Karolinenplatz in Munich as a place of remembrance]. International Conference "After the Storm. The Historical Memory upon 1812 in Russia and Europe", German Historical Institute, Moscow, 28. – 30. May 2012.
- August Alckens: The monuments and memorial stones of the city of Munich , Callwey, Munich 1936
- Hans Roth : Münchner Denkmäler, Panonia, Freilassing 1981, ISBN 3-7897-0093-2
Web links
- Memorial sheet for the unveiling in 1833 by Alois Chirard at the House of Bavarian History , accessed on February 22, 2020
Individual evidence
- ↑ List of monuments for Munich (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, accessed on May 15, 2020, monument number D-1-62-000-3283
- ↑ Heinrich Habel, Helga Hiemen: City of Munich . Ed .: Michael Petzet , Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments (= Monuments in Bavaria . Volume I.1 ). 3rd improved and enlarged edition. Oldenbourg, Munich 1991, ISBN 3-486-52399-6 , pp. 386-387 .
Coordinates: 48 ° 8 ′ 41 ″ N , 11 ° 34 ′ 9 ″ E
