Common brushwood buck
| Common brushwood buck | ||||||||||||
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Common brushwood buck |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Obrium brunneum | ||||||||||||
| ( Fabricius , 1792) |
The Common twigs Bock ( Obrium brunneum ) is a beetle from the family of longhorn beetles . It is also called the flat ceiling buck. Its German name already reveals that it is often (mean) at least in places and at times. However, it is more likely to be found on flowers than on brushwood piles.
The species is in the countries Brandenburg and Saxony-Anhalt as endangered strongly , in Schleswig-Holstein as endangered classified. In Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania it is not considered endangered .
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| Fig. 1: top | Fig. 2: underside |
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| Fig. 3: side view | Fig. 4: side view |
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| Fig. 5: Head, front view | Fig. 6: Head, side, eye |
Comments on the name and system
The name "common brushwood buck" expresses that the species is often found in brushwood. The beetle is known as the "flat cover goat" because of the flattened wing covers. The generic name "Obrium" is from Altgr. óbria, which means the young of animals. The genus is represented by only two species in Europe, but 66 species are assigned to the genus worldwide. The species name brunneum ( lat. Brown) alludes to the body color, which, however, also applies to the second European species. The species was first described by Fabricius in 1792 under the name Saperda brunnea as the 45th species of the genus Saperda .
Description of the beetle
The body is slim and uniformly reddish-brown, including the abdomen. Only the eyes are black. The body and elytra are hairy yellow. The hair is short and sparse. The body length fluctuates widely and ranges between four and seven millimeters.
The head is stretched forward. Like the pronotum, it is moderately strong and sparsely punctured (Fig. 3 at full resolution and Fig. 6). It is about as wide as the pronotum, including the kidney-shaped eyes even wider than it. Behind the eyes, the head becomes a bit narrower, but it is not angularly set off as in the subfamily Lepturinae . In the male, the vertex between the eyes is arched and about as wide as an eye, in the female the vertex between the eyes is flat and much wider than an eye.
The eyes are strongly cut out around the antennae base, so in the upper half the eye is more sickle-shaped than kidney-shaped (Fig. 6). The ommatidia are relatively large (roughly faceted) (individual eyes can be seen in Fig. 6).
The eleven-jointed antennae are much longer in the male, and slightly longer in the female than the body. The third and fourth links are about the same length. The second feeler element is much shorter than the third, but not ring-shaped. The first four segments have only a few hairs.
The mouthparts are directed forward. The end phalanx of the jaw palpation is not long, knife-shaped and prominent as in the similar genus Axinopalpus , but elongated ovoid and truncated at the end (clearly visible in Fig. 5, left).
The pronotum is cylindrical and longer than it is wide. At the front and especially at the back it is constricted, halfway along it has a blunt hump on each side. It is not dotted with a few fine dots as in other species of the genus Obrium , but the dots are scattered to dense and moderately strong (Fig. 6).
The wing covers completely cover the abdomen, only the anal segment can protrude below. The elytra are wider than the pronotum. They have clear shoulders and their sides are almost parallel. They are about three times as long as they are wide. At the back they are a little wider and then rounded off together in a semi-circle. The puncture of the wing covers is denser and clearer than on the head and pronotum, but very fine in the rear third. The label is triangular.
The front hip cavities are closed at the back, the front hips touch each other (Fig. 2). The tarsi of the legs are apparently four-limbed (pseudotetrameric), since the very small fourth tarsal limb is hidden in the tip cutout of the third limb.
biology
The species is particularly found in montane locations in mixed or coniferous forests. The beetles avoid direct sunlight. You can find them on rotten and dead branches and thin brushwood, but also on blooming herbs and bushes.
The imago is diurnal, the beetle can be found on flowers. The species is counted to the guild of fresh wood colonists. The development is annual. The larva can be found in various conifers, mainly in spruce and fir, but also pine and larch or exotic conifers . It eats in freshly felled or dead branches or stumps under the bark. Pupation takes place in spring. The doll's cradle is gnawed into the outer sapwood .
The larva is parasitized by the parasitic wasp Xorides irrigator .
Occurrence and distribution
The beetle is found in Central Europe mainly in hilly and mountainous areas from May to August. He prefers the edge of the forest. He likes to visit flowers for food intake, especially umbellifers in partial shade .
The distribution area has its center in Central and Central Europe. The beetle is rarer in southern and northern Europe. To the east, the distribution area extends beyond the Caucasus , but only to Armenia and Iran .
swell
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Synonyms, systematics and distribution of Obrium brunneum
- ↑ Red lists at BioNetworkX
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (genus).
- ^ Obrium at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved February 24, 2013
- ↑ Obrium in BioLib
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (kind).
- ↑ Ioh. Christian. Fabricius: Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Tom I, Pars 2, Den Haag 1792, p. 317. (Description by Saperda brunnea p. 316)
- ^ J. Schmidl, H. Bussler: Ecological guilds xylobionter Käfer Deutschlands. In: Nature conservation and landscape planning. 36 (7), Stuttgart 2004. as XLS (No. 1179) ( Memento of the original from December 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Brief info
- ↑ Francois Loitier and others (eds.): Bark and wood boring insects in trees living in Europe. Springer Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-1-4020-2240-1 . (Preview)
- ↑ B. Wermelinger, PF Flückiger, MK Obrist, P. Duelli: Horizontal and vertical distribution of saproxylic beetles (Col., Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, Scolytinae) across sections of forest edges. In: Journal of Applied Entomology. Volume 131, Issue 2, 2007, pp. 104-114. doi : 10.1111 / j.1439-0418.2006.01128.x
literature
- Heinz joy, Karl Wilhelm Harde, Gustav Adolf Lohse (ed.): The beetles of Central Europe . tape 9 . Cerambycidae Chrysomelidae . Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-8274-0683-8 (first edition: Goecke & Evers, Krefeld 1966).
- Gustav Jäger (Ed.): CG Calwer 's Käferbuch. 3. Edition. K. Thienemanns, Stuttgart 1876.
- Adolf Horion: Faunistics of the Central European Beetles, Volume XII . Überlingen-Bodensee 1974.
- Svatopluk Bílý, O. Mehl: Longhorn beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Brill, Leiden 1989, ISBN 90-04-08697-8 .
