Ogasawara Islands
The term Ogasawara Islands ( Japanese 小 笠原 諸島 Ogasawara-shotō ) is a collective name for all islands and island groups belonging to the municipality ( village , mura ) Ogasawara , the most important and only inhabited being the Bonin Islands ( Ogasawara-guntō ), about 1000 kilometers southeast of the Japanese Main island, Honshu , are. Together with the Izu Islands , they are referred to as the "Southern Islands" ( Nampō-shotō ).
geography
The Ogasawara Islands include two chain of islands and three isolated islands:
- Ogasawara-guntō also "Bonin Islands"
- Kazan-rettō , also "volcanic islands"
- Nishinoshima also includes Rosario Island , an active volcano about 150 kilometers west of Chichi-jima.
- Okinotorishima , the southernmost point of Japan
- Minami-Torishima also includes Marcus Island , the easternmost point of Japan
Geologically, the islands, with the exception of the last two remote ones, belong to the Izu-Bonin-Mariana Islands arch .
Chichi-jima and Haha-jima of the Ogasawara-guntō are the only inhabited islands. Until the Second World War , Muko-jima (Ogasawara-guntō) was also inhabited, as was Kita-Iwojima and Iwojima (both Kazan-rettō). Around 400 soldiers are permanently stationed on Iwojima, but no civilian population. Sugar cane , pineapples , bananas and, on a trial basis, coffee are grown on the islands . There are also precious woods; in particular, cedar, beech, boxwood, rose and sandalwood are exported.
Today the islands are among the most isolated parts of Japan, as they can only be reached by a 24-hour boat trip. The liners leave Tokyo twice a week . The Japanese construction industry and politicians have long been calling for an airport to be built, but the local population is skeptical about it.
On June 24, 2011, the islands were declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO .
Web links
literature
- Hyman Kublin: The Bonin Islands, 1543-1875. Harvard University, Cambridge 1947 (PhD thesis)
- Nobuo Muroga: Geographical exploration by the Japanese. In: Herman R. Friis (Ed.): The Pacific Basin. A history of its geographical exploration. New York 1967
- Bernhard Welsch: Was Marcus Island Discovered by Bernardo de la Torre in 1543? In: The Journal of Pacific History. Volume 39, No. 1; Canberra 2004, pp. 109-122.
Individual evidence
- ↑ UNESCO World Heritage Center: Ogasawara Islands. Retrieved September 6, 2017 .
Heritage: Buddhist Shrines of Hōryū-ji (1993) | Himeji-jō (1993) | Historical Kyōto (Kyōto, Uji and Ōtsu) (1994) | Historical Villages of Shirakawa-gō and Gokayama (1995) | Peace Memorial in Hiroshima (1996) | Itsukushima Shinto Shrine (1996) | Monuments and gardens of the imperial city of Nara ( Gangō-ji , Heijō-kyō , Kasuga-Taisha , Kasugayama primeval forest, Kōfuku-ji , Tōdai-ji , Tōshōdai-ji , Yakushi-ji ) (1998) | Shrines and Temples of Nikkō ( Futarasan Shrine , Rinnō-ji , Tōshōgū ) (1999) | Gusuku and other sites of the Ryūkyū Kingdom (2000) | Sacred places and pilgrimage routes in the Kii Mountains (2004) | Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine and Cultural Landscape (2007) | Temples, Gardens and Archaeological Sites of Hiraizumi (2011) | Fuji-san (2013) | Places of silk spinning in Tomioka (2014) | Sites of the industrial revolution in the Meiji period (2015) | The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier : National Museum of Western Art (2016) | Okinoshima Sacred Island and Associated Sites in Munakata Region (2017) | Hidden Christian Sites in the Nagasaki Region (2018) | Kofun group by Mozu-Foruichi (2019)
Natural Heritage: Yakushima Cedar Forest (1993) | Beech forest by Shirakami (1993) | Shiretoko (2005) | Ogasawara Islands (2011)
Coordinates: 27 ° 0 ' N , 142 ° 13' E