Horn fungus relatives

Horn fungus relatives
Onygena equina
Systematics
Department : Ascomycota mushrooms Subdivision : Real ascent mushrooms (Pezizomycotina) Class : Eurotiomycetes Subclass : Eurotiomycetidae Order : Onygenales Family : Horn fungus relatives
Scientific name
Onygenaceae
Burnett

The horny mushroom relatives (Onygenaceae) are a family of mushrooms from the order of the Onygenales . Many of their species live on horns or feathers.

features

The horny mushroom relatives form small, spherical Kleistothecia as fruiting bodies , which in some species can be large and stalked. They are covered with a thin, multi-shaped peridium that is hyaline or light in color and is usually reticulated, but sometimes pseudoparenchymatic . The tubes contained eight ascospores and are small, spherical, thin-walled and fast transient and probably originate from crooked bar-like rolled precursors. The ascospores are flattened or bean-shaped ( allantoid ), granular or reticulate, often yellowish and unseptate. They do not have a gelatinous shell or appendage.

The minor fruit forms are mostly hyphomycetic like Chrysosporium or Malbranchea . The thick-walled conidia are thallic and often ornamented. They develop from lateral branches or intercalary on hyaline fertile hyphae .

Ecology and diffusion

The horn fungus relatives live on substrates that contain keratin , such as horn or feathers. Few species can cause skin infections, but most are harmless. They are very common, especially in warmer areas.

Taxonomy

The horn mushroom relatives were described in 1833 by Gilbert Thomas Burnett and then again in 1857 by Miles Joseph Berkeley . Hence, Burnett is the lead author. There are 29 genera.

• Amauroascus
• Aphanoascus
• Apinisia
• Arachnotheca
• Ascocalvatia
• Auxarthrone
• Bifidocarpus
• Byssoonygena
• Chlamydosauromyces
• Kuehniella
• Leucothecium
• Monascella
• Nannizziopsis
• Neoarachnotheca
• Neogymnomyces
• Onygena
• Pectinotrichum
• Polytolypa
• Pseudoamauroascus - position uncertain
• Renispora
• Spiromastix
• Testudomyces
• Uncinocarpus
• Xanthothecium

The following genera are only known as secondary crops:

• Chrysosporium
• Coccidioides
• Histoplasm
  • Histoplasma capsulatum

literature

• Paul F. Cannon, Paul M. Kirk: Fungal families of the world . CABI Europe, Wallingford, Oxfordshire (UK) 2007, ISBN 978-0-85199-827-5 , pp. 248-249 ( available online ).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ SpeciesFungorum Online
2. ↑ Lumbsch, HT and SM Huhndorf (ed.) 2007: Outline of Ascomycota - 2007. Myconet 13: 1-58. PDF

Web links

Commons : Mushroom Relatives  - Collection of images, videos and audio files