Spotted-bellied Avoset Hummingbird

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Spotted-bellied Avoset Hummingbird
Spotted-bellied Avosette Hummingbird at John Gould's painting by Henry Constantine Richter

Spotted-bellied Avosette Hummingbird at John Gould's painting by Henry Constantine Richter

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Genre : Opisthoprora
Type : Spotted-bellied Avoset Hummingbird
Scientific name of the  genus
Opisthoprora
Cabanis & Heine , 1860
Scientific name of the  species
Opisthoprora euryptera
( Loddiges , 1832)

The spotted-bellied avoset hummingbird ( Opisthoprora euryptera ) or sword -billed hummingbird is a species of bird from the hummingbird family (Trochilidae) and the only species in the genus Opisthoprora . The distribution area of ​​this species includes the countries Peru , Ecuador and Colombia . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .

features

The spotted-bellied avoset hummingbird reaches a body length of about 10 cm. The short, 13 mm long beak is clearly curved upwards at the tip. The top is glossy green, with the head and neck noticeably contrasting with a copper color. There is a small, white spot behind the eye. The whitish underside is crossed by dense green spots, which look like stripes on the throat and chest. The color changes to yellow-brown in the lower abdominal area and on the under tail coverts. The relatively broad, short tail is blue-black with a few white spots. The central control springs are bronze.

behavior

Little is known about their behavior. Usually they are loners. You can observe them hovering or clinging to tiny tubular plants that are between 1 and 3 meters above the ground and often in the thicket. When they rest, they mostly sit on the branches of the lower strata . Compared to other hummingbird species, they appear relatively inactive at times. They are happy to fly to the Centropogon, which belongs to the bluebell family .

distribution and habitat

Distribution area of ​​the spotted avosette hummingbird

They occur only irregularly in the scrub of moist mountain forests on the eastern slopes of the Andes in northern Peru at altitudes between 2700 and 3200 meters. Here they are rarely seen in the Cordillera del Colán in the province of Chachapoyas and in the La Libertad region . In Ecuador, they are most common in the northeast of the country. From the south there are only isolated reports of the Cordillera del Zapote-Najda in the Morona Santiago province , from Sabanilla in the Loja province , from Cajanuma in the Podocarpus National Park and on the eastern slopes of the Cordillera las Lagunillas . They have only been spotted at Sabanilla at an altitude of 1700 meters, otherwise they are also active in Ecuador at altitudes between 2400 and 3200 meters. In Colombia, its distribution area extends from the western slopes of the Central Andes in the Departamento de Caldas , over the eastern and western slopes of the Andes in the Departamento de Cauca , and on the eastern slopes in the Departamento de Nariño . They can most often be seen in the Puracé National Park .

Vocalizations

Their reputation consists of a diminishing series of thin whistles. These sound like wsee, wsee, wsee .

Etymology and history of research

George Loddiges originally described the hummingbird under the name Trochilus eurypterus . He received the type specimen from the collection of John Gould ; it came from the area around Popayán . Only later was the species added to the genus Opisthoprora .

The term "Opisthoprora" is derived from the Greek words "opisthe στρεβλός " for "wrong" and "prōra, πρωρα ράμφος " for "beak". The Greek specific epithet »euryptera« is a word formation from »eurys εΰρυς « for »broad« and »-pteros -πτερος « for »-winged«.

literature

  • Steven Leon Hilty , William Leroy Brown : A guide to the birds of Colombia . Princeton University Press, Princeton 1986.
  • Thomas Scott Schulenberg, Douglas Forrester Stotz, Daniel Franklin Lane, John Patton O'Neill, Theodore Albert Parker III : Birds of Peru . Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 2007, ISBN 978-0-7136-8673-9 .
  • Robert Sterling Ridgely, Paul J. Greenfield: Birds of Ecuador Field Guide: Status, Distribution, and Taxonomy . tape 1 . Princeton University Press, Princeton 2001, ISBN 0-8014-8720-X (a).
  • Robert Sterling Ridgely, Paul J. Greenfield: Birds of Ecuador Field Guide: Field Guide . tape 2 . Princeton University Press, Princeton 2001, ISBN 0-8014-8721-8 (b).
  • Jon Fjeldså , Niels Krabbe : Birds of the High Andes: A Manual to the Birds of the Temperate Zone of the Andes and Patagonia, South America . Apollo Books, Stenstrup 1990, ISBN 87-88757-16-1 .
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • George Loddiges: Specimens were exhibited of several Humming Birds from Popayan, forming part of the collection of Mr. John Gould; and the following characters . In: Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London . tape 2 , 1832, p. 6-7 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Jean Louis Cabanis , Ferdinand Heine junior: Museum Heineanum Directory of the ornithological collection of Oberamtmann Ferdinand Heine on Gut St. Burchard before Halberstadt, III. Part, containing the shrill birds and the compilation of the genera and species of 1–3, Thiels . R. Frantz, Halberstadt 1860 ( rzbl04.biblio.etc.tu-bs.de [PDF; 15.5 MB ; accessed on July 6, 2012]).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Robert Sterling Ridgely et al. a. (2001b), p. 288.
  2. ^ A b Steven Leon Hilty, p. 295.
  3. ↑ a b Thomas Scott Schulenberg u. a., p. 244.
  4. ↑ a b Jon Fjeldså u. a., p. 290.
  5. ↑ Robert Sterling Ridgely et al. a. (2001a), p. 383.
  6. ↑ George Loddiges, p. 7.
  7. ↑ George Loddiges, p. 6.
  8. ^ Jean Louis Cabanis et al., P. 76.
  9. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 154.