Orchipedum (orchids)

Orchipedum
	Orchipedum plantaginifolium , illustration
Systematics
Order :	Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family :	Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily :	Orchidoideae
Tribe :	Cranichideae
Sub tribus :	Goodyerinae
Genre :	Orchipedum
Scientific name
	Orchipedum
	Breda

The genus Orchipedum from the family of orchids consists of three types of herbaceous plants. They come from Southeast Asia.

description

The Orchipedum species have a creeping rhizome with few internodes . The above-ground shoots are covered with a few leaves . The leaf blade is somewhat asymmetrical, oblong-lanceolate to elliptical in shape. At the base it narrows to a short petiole that surrounds the stem in a tubular shape. The leaves are distributed along the stem axis. The leaf color is green.

The terminal inflorescence is unbranched, the inflorescence axis, bracts , ovary and the outside of the sepals are hairy. There are some bracts on the peduncle ; the bracts of the flowers are about as long as the flower stalk and ovary together. The ovary is twisted, the flowers are therefore resupinated . The three outer petals (sepals) are all shaped the same, the lateral sepals encompass the base of the lip . The lateral inner petals ( petals ) are narrower and stick with the edge to the upper sepal. The lip has a sack-like spur at the base , in which there are branched, glandular appendages. The lip is divided into three parts: the base is roughly square in shape, covered with two lamellae on the surface, partially fringed or thickened with cartilage at the edges. The middle part of the lip is short and very narrow. The front part is undivided or bilobed, anchor-shaped to heart-shaped. The lower half of the column is fused to the lip at the edges. The column is narrow and slightly curved, in the front area it has two lateral appendages. The scar consists of a contiguous area. The stamen is narrow oval in outline, it contains two club-shaped pollinia , each connected to the adhesive disc ( Viscidium ) via a small stalk . The dividing tissue between the stigma and the stamen ( rostellum ) is triangular and deeply two-toothed after the viscidium has been removed.

distribution

Orchipedum is distributed in three species in Southeast Asia: Orchipedum echinatum is only known from Vietnam, Orchipedum wenzelii from the Philippines, the area of Orchipedum plantaginifolium extends from southern Thailand over the Malaysian peninsula and Sumatra to Java. The species grow in the shade of evergreen forests at altitudes of 60 to 1000 meters, Orchipedum echinatum is only known from altitudes between 1000 and 1100 meters.

Orchipedum echinatum is described as very rare by Averyanov, and Orchipedum plantaginifolium is also rare on Java, according to Comber.

Botanical history and systematics

Orchipedum is classified within the tribe Cranichideae in the subtribe Goodyerinae . According to Dressler, this can be further divided into two groups; Orchipedum stands together with the majority of the genera that do not have two clearly separated scar surfaces. Orchipedum was described by Jacob Gijsbert Samuel van Breda in 1829 . The name is derived from the Greek word orchis for "testicles" (here: orchid) and pedilon , "shoe" and probably describes the shape of the lip. Herpysma longicaulis could be related to Orchipedum .

The following species are included in the genus Orchipedum :

Orchipedum echinatum Aver. & Averyanova : It occurs in southern Vietnam.
Orchipedum plantaginifolium Breda : It occurs from Thailand to western Malesia.
Orchipedum wenzelii (Ames) JJSm. (Syn .: Adenostylis wenzelii Ames ): It occurs in the Philippines.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3 . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 129-131 .
↑ ^a ^b Jarearnsak Sae Wai: Orchipedum Breda (Orchidaceae, subfam. Orchidoideae), a new generic record for Thailand . In: Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) . tape 40 , 2012, p. 105-107 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Orchipedum. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 17, 2018.
^ ^A ^b Leonid Averyanov: The Orchids of Vietnam. Illustrated Survey . In: Turczaninowia . tape 11 , no. 1 , 2008, p. 146-147 .
↑ Jim B. Comber: Orchids of Java . Bentham-Moxon Trust, Kew 1990, ISBN 0-947643-21-4 , pp. 35-36 .
^ Robert L. Dressler: Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1993, ISBN 0-521-45058-6 , pp. 118 .

Web links

Commons : Orchipedum - album with pictures, videos and audio files

List of orchid genera

[GO3-1] Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3 . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 129-131 .

[Wai-2] Jarearnsak Sae Wai: Orchipedum Breda (Orchidaceae, subfam. Orchidoideae), a new generic record for Thailand . In: Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) . tape 40 , 2012, p. 105-107 .

[WCSP-3] Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Orchipedum. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 17, 2018.

[Averyanov-4] A ^b Leonid Averyanov: The Orchids of Vietnam. Illustrated Survey . In: Turczaninowia . tape 11 , no. 1 , 2008, p. 146-147 .

[Comber-5] Jim B. Comber: Orchids of Java . Bentham-Moxon Trust, Kew 1990, ISBN 0-947643-21-4 , pp. 35-36 .

[Dressler-6] Robert L. Dressler: Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1993, ISBN 0-521-45058-6 , pp. 118 .