Organs of St. Peter's Basilica
|
|
General
|
place
|
St. Peter's Basilica
|
Organ builder
|
Tambourini
|
Construction year
|
1962
|
Technical specifications
|
Number of registers
|
80
|
Tone tract
|
Electric
|
Register action
|
Electric
|
Number of 32 'registers
|
2
|
The main organ of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome was built from 1953 to 1962 by the Italian company Tamburini on the basis of a Walcker organ from 1894. It is divided into two parts behind the pillars of the choir and has 80 stops. From a musical point of view, the organ is not appropriate to the dimensions of the building and has been called the “largest choir organ in the world”. Numerous projects by well-known organ builders in the 19th and 20th centuries to build a large organ in the basilica, however, were not realized.
In the choir chapel two two-manual organs are placed opposite one another behind the same casing. The Morettini organ from 1887 has 18 registers, the Tamburini organ from 1974 has 21 registers. A mobile Walcker organ that Helmut Schmidt gave to the Pope in 1981 has 11 registers.
James Edward Goettsche has been the organist of St. Peter's Basilica since 1989 .
Main organ
Multi-choir music-making in Salzburg Cathedral
history
16th to 18th century
When planning the basilica, four galleries on the pillars facing the dome were planned for church music. The multi-choir music-making from the galleries corresponded to the usual performance practice of the time; a comparable ensemble of galleries can be seen (again) in Salzburg Cathedral today.
At the time of Frescobaldi , who became the organist of St. Peter in 1608, three organs were available in St. Peter's Basilica. It was certainly not intended to fill the entire room and, given the very small number of instruments, it was not possible either. One of these instruments is now in the sacrament chapel ; however, only the prospectus has been preserved for this instrument . It was built in 1582 and was housed in a gilded case on the right side of the altar. The other instruments have not been preserved.
In 1626 the Cappella Tornabuoni received an organ, which Morettini replaced in 1885 with an instrument with a double-sided prospectus. Tamburini rebuilt this organ in 1975.
19th century
Even in the 19th century there was still no larger organ in St. Peter that could have filled the huge space. After his visit in 1828, Stendhal remarked:
«Il manque dans Saint-Pierre un orgue digne d'un tel vase. »
"There is no organ in Sankt Peter that is worthy of such a room."
-
Stendhal :
Promenades Dans Rome (1828)
Designed by Aristide Cavaillé-Coll in 1875
In 1875 Aristide Cavaillé-Coll , who was at the height of his fame after building the organ in St-Sulpice and Notre-Dame in Paris , designed a gigantic organ with five manuals and 124 registers. It was supposed to be hung on the east wall in a case by Alphonse Paul Joseph Marie Simil (* 1841) with a 32 'prospectus.
Pius IX appears open-minded at first, but later only laconically declared “suspendimus organa nostra”. In 1887 Leo XIII. presented a 1:10 scale model, but without success. The model is still in a storage room at the foot of the basilica's dome. Cavaillé-Coll died without being able to carry out the project.
Disposition suggestion Aristide Cavaillé-Colls 1875
I Grand-Orgue C-c 4
|
Montre front |
16 ′
|
Bourdon |
16 ′
|
Montre |
8th'
|
diapason |
8th'
|
Flûte Harmonique |
8th'
|
Viole de Gambe |
8th'
|
Bourdon |
8th'
|
Dulciana |
8th'
|
Major fifth |
5 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Prestant |
4 ′
|
Octave |
4 ′
|
Flute |
4 ′
|
Fifth |
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Duplicate |
2 ′
|
Grande Fourniture IV
|
Big cymbals V
|
Fittings III
|
Cymbals IV
|
Basson |
16 ′
|
Trumpet Harmonique |
8th'
|
Basson |
8th'
|
Clairon |
4 ′
|
|
I Grand-Chœur C – c 4
|
Basse Acoustique |
16 ′
|
Great Flûte Harmonique |
16 ′
|
diapason |
8th'
|
Violoncello |
8th'
|
Flûte Harmonique |
8th'
|
Unda Maris |
8th'
|
Prestant |
4 ′
|
Flute Octaviante |
4 ′
|
Octavine |
2 ′
|
Grand Cornet V |
8th'
|
Sesquialtera III |
8th'
|
Tuba Magna |
16 ′
|
Tuba mirabilis |
8th'
|
Fifth trumpet |
5 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Clairon |
4 ′
|
Clairon doublette |
2 ′
|
|
II Bombarde C – c 4
|
Principale Basse |
16 ′
|
Quintatön |
16 ′
|
Flûte Harmonique |
8th'
|
Flûte Conique |
8th'
|
Kéraulophone |
8th'
|
Bourdon |
8th'
|
Big flute |
4 ′
|
Octave |
4 ′
|
Big Tierce |
3 1 ⁄ 5 ′
|
Nazard |
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Septième |
2 2 ⁄ 7 ′
|
Octavine |
2 ′
|
Big Cornet V |
16 ′
|
Bombard |
16 ′
|
Trumpets |
8th'
|
Clairon |
4 ′
|
|
III positive C – c 4
|
Violon Basse |
16 ′
|
Bourdon |
16 ′
|
diapason |
8th'
|
Flûte Traversière |
8th'
|
Cor de Nuit |
8th'
|
Salicional |
8th'
|
Voix Angélique |
8th'
|
Flûte Douce |
4 ′
|
Dulciana |
4 ′
|
Fifth |
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Duplicate |
2 ′
|
Plein Jeu V |
8th'
|
Cor d'Harmonie |
16 ′
|
Trumpet Harmonique |
8th'
|
Cromorne |
8th'
|
Basson et Hautbois |
8th'
|
|
IV Récit expressif C – c 4
|
Bourdon |
16 ′
|
Corni Dolci |
16 ′
|
Flûte Harmonique |
8th'
|
Flûte à pavilion |
8th'
|
Viole de Gambe |
8th'
|
Voix Celeste |
8th'
|
Dulciana |
4 ′
|
Flute Octaviante |
4 ′
|
Octave |
4 ′
|
Flageolet |
2 ′
|
Cornet V |
8th'
|
musette |
8th'
|
Voix Humaine |
8th'
|
Basson |
16 ′
|
Trumpet Harmonique |
8th'
|
Clairon Harmonique |
4 ′
|
|
tremolo
|
|
V Solo expressif C – c 4
|
Soubasse |
16 ′
|
Flûte Conique |
16 ′
|
diapason |
8th'
|
Flûte Traversière Harmonique |
8th'
|
Quintatön |
8th'
|
Flute Octaviante |
4 ′
|
Nazard |
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Duplicate |
2 ′
|
Tierce |
1 3 ⁄ 5 ′
|
Larigot |
1 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Septième |
1 1 ⁄ 7 ′
|
Piccolo |
1'
|
Cor Anglais |
16 ′
|
Clarinet |
8th'
|
Trumpet Harmonique |
8th'
|
Violon Harmonique |
4 ′
|
|
tremolo
|
|
Pedale C – f 1
|
Principale Basse |
32 ′
|
Montre |
32 ′
|
Gros Bourdon |
32 ′
|
Basse Acoustique |
32 ′
|
Big flute |
16 ′
|
Contre-Basse |
16 ′
|
Violon bass |
16 ′
|
Soubasse |
16 ′
|
Major fifth |
10 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Big flute |
8th'
|
diapason |
8th'
|
Violoncello |
8th'
|
Bourdon |
8th'
|
Grand Tierce |
6 2 ⁄ 5 ′
|
Major fifth |
5 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Septième |
4 4 ⁄ 7 ′
|
Octave |
4 ′
|
Contre Bombarde |
32 ′
|
Bombard |
16 ′
|
Quinte Bombarde |
10 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Trumpets |
8th'
|
Clairon |
4 ′
|
|
Walcker organ from 1894
As early as 1894, the company EF Walcker & Cie. Was contacted for the musical accompaniment of the fairs in St. Peter . Ludwigsburg approached and had ordered a small - mobile - pneumatic instrument with 20 registers on two manuals and pedal (Opus 732), which despite two high pressure registers could hardly fill the room. The deciding factor for the commission to Walcker was probably Remigio Renzi , organist of St. Peter and at the same time professor at the Conservatory of Santa Cecilia, who had recently ordered a similar instrument for the Conservatory.
Disposition of the organ on the epistle side (Walcker, 1895)
I Grand'Organo Cg 3
|
Bourdon |
16 ′
|
Principal |
8th'
|
Flute |
8th'
|
Viola di gamba |
8th'
|
Dolce |
8th'
|
Octave |
4 ′
|
Reed flute |
4 ′
|
Fittings IV – V |
|
Trumpet |
8th'
|
|
II Espressivo Cg 3
|
Swellable:
|
Violon Principal |
8th'
|
Lovely Gedackt |
8th'
|
Aeoline |
8th'
|
Voix Celeste |
8th'
|
Flauto Dolce |
4 ′
|
Clarinet |
8th'
|
|
Not swellable:
|
Stentor flute |
8th'
|
Stentor Gamba |
8th'
|
|
Pedals C – f 1
|
Sous Basse |
16 ′
|
Violon Basse |
16 ′
|
Violon |
8th'
|
|
20th century
In 1902 Carlo Vegezzi-Bossi was commissioned to make another mobile organ, which was supposed to be a copy of the Walker organ. The Bossi instrument had 25 registers on two manuals and a pedal and was placed opposite the Walker organ on the right side of the choir.
Disposition of the organ on the gospel side (Bossi, 1902)
I Grand'Organo Ca 3
|
Principals |
16 ′
|
Principals |
8th'
|
Salizionale |
8th'
|
Flauto traverses |
8th'
|
Unda Maris |
8th'
|
Ottava |
4 ′
|
Decimaseconda |
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Decimaquinta |
2 ′
|
Ripieno VI
|
Tromba |
8th'
|
|
II Espressivo Ca 3
|
Bordone |
8th'
|
Concerto Viole |
8th'
|
Viola gamba |
8th'
|
Viola Celeste |
8th'
|
Flauto armonico |
4 ′
|
oboe |
8th'
|
tremolo
|
|
Pedals Cd 1
|
Subbasso |
16 ′
|
Contrabbasso |
16 ′
|
Bordone |
8th'
|
violoncello |
8th'
|
|
Designed by Charles Mutin in 1910
Another attempt to build a large organ was undertaken under the pontificate of Pius X in 1910 by Cavaillé-Coll's successor, Charles Mutin . The Cavaillé-Colls disposition was expanded to 153 registers with 10,603 pipes with an electric action. However, Pope Pius XI decided that the organ could not be placed on the east wall, instead it should be mobile.
Charles-Marie Widor collected 60,000 francs for this project. Due to the First World War - and probably also due to the emerging Cecilianism - this project could not be realized either. The 60,000 francs collected were used to finance the flooring in the St. Peter's choir.
Disposition proposal by Charles Mutin 1910
I Grand Orgue
|
Montre |
16 ′
|
Viol |
16 ′
|
Bourdon |
16 ′
|
Fifth |
10 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Montre |
8th'
|
diapason |
8th'
|
Flûte Harmonique |
8th'
|
Viole de Gambe |
8th'
|
Bourdon |
8th'
|
Dulciana |
8th'
|
Major fifth |
5 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Prestant |
4 ′
|
Octave |
4 ′
|
Flûte Octavinante |
4 ′
|
Fifth |
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Duplicate |
2 ′
|
Tierce |
1 3 ⁄ 5 ′
|
Grande Fourniture IV
|
Big cymbals V
|
Fittings III
|
Cymbals IV
|
Bombard |
16 ′
|
Basson |
16 ′
|
Trumpet harm. |
8th'
|
Basson |
8th'
|
Clairon |
4 ′
|
Soprano |
4 ′
|
|
II bombard
|
Principale Basse |
16 ′
|
Quintatön |
16 ′
|
Jubal |
8th'
|
Flûte harm. |
8th'
|
Flûte Conique |
8th'
|
Kéraulophone |
8th'
|
Bourdon |
8th'
|
Major fifth |
5 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Big flute |
4 ′
|
Principal |
4 ′
|
Violon |
4 ′
|
Tierce |
3 1 ⁄ 5 ′
|
Nazard |
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Septième |
2 2 ⁄ 7 ′
|
Octavine |
2 ′
|
Piccolo harm. |
1'
|
Big Cornet V |
16 ′
|
Plein Jeu V
|
Tuba Magna |
16 ′
|
Tuba mirabilis |
8th'
|
Trumpet fifth |
5 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Clairon |
4 ′
|
Clairon doublette |
2 ′
|
|
III Positif
|
Violon Basse |
16 ′
|
Bourdon |
16 ′
|
diapason |
8th'
|
Flûte Traversière |
8th'
|
Cor de Nuit |
8th'
|
Salicional |
8th'
|
viola |
8th'
|
Voix Angélique |
8th'
|
Principal |
4 ′
|
Flûte Douce |
4 ′
|
Nazard |
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Flageolet |
2 ′
|
Carillon III
|
Cornet V
|
Cor d'Harmonie |
16 ′
|
Trumpet harm. |
8th'
|
Cromorne |
8th'
|
Basson-Hautbois |
8th'
|
Violon harm. |
4 ′
|
|
IV Récit expressif
|
Viol |
16 ′
|
Bourdon |
16 ′
|
diapason |
8th'
|
Flûte harm. |
8th'
|
Flûte à pavilion |
8th'
|
Bourdon |
8th'
|
Viole de Gambe I. |
8th'
|
Viole de Gambe II |
8th'
|
Voix Célestes I |
8th'
|
Voix Célestes II |
8th'
|
Fifth |
5 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Prestant |
4 ′
|
Flûte Octavinante |
4 ′
|
Viole d'Amour |
4 ′
|
Eoline |
4 ′
|
Big Tierce |
3 1 ⁄ 5
|
Nazard |
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Septième |
2 2 ⁄ 7 ′
|
Octavine |
2 ′
|
Tierce |
1 3 ⁄ 5 ′
|
Larigot |
1 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Septième |
1 1 ⁄ 7 ′
|
Piccolo |
1'
|
Cornet V |
8th'
|
Plein Jeu VII
|
Clarinet |
16 ′
|
Clarinet |
8th'
|
Voix Humaine |
8th'
|
musette |
8th'
|
Bombard |
16 ′
|
Trumpet harm. |
8th'
|
Fifth trumpet |
5 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Clairon harm. |
4 ′
|
Clairon doublette |
2 ′
|
|
V Solo expressif
|
Soubasse |
16 ′
|
Flûte Conique |
16 ′
|
diapason |
8th'
|
Flûte Traversière |
8th'
|
Quintatön |
8th'
|
Viola da gamba |
8th'
|
Violon |
4 ′
|
Flute Octaviante |
4 ′
|
Nazard |
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Septième |
1 1 ⁄ 7 ′
|
Piccolo |
1'
|
Cor Anglais |
16 ′
|
Cor Harmonique |
8th'
|
Trumpet harm. |
8th'
|
Clairon harm. |
4 ′
|
Tuba Magna en Cham. |
16 ′
|
Tuba Mirabilis en Cham. |
8th'
|
Quinte Trompette en Cham. |
5 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Cor Harmonique en Cham. |
4 ′
|
|
Pedale
|
Basse Acoustique |
32 ′
|
Principale Basse |
32 ′
|
Montre |
32 ′
|
Big flute |
16 ′
|
Contre-Basse |
16 ′
|
Violon bass |
16 ′
|
Soubasse |
16 ′
|
Major fifth |
10 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Big flute |
8th'
|
diapason |
8th'
|
Violoncello |
8th'
|
Bourdon |
8th'
|
Grand Tierce |
6 2 ⁄ 5 ′
|
Major fifth |
5 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Septième |
4 4 ⁄ 7 ′
|
Octave |
4 ′
|
Viole |
4 ′
|
Flute |
4 ′
|
Tierce |
3 1 ⁄ 5 ′
|
Fifth |
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Contre Bombarde |
32 ′
|
Bombard |
16 ′
|
Quinte Bombarde |
10 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Trumpets |
8th'
|
Fifth trumpet |
5 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
Clairon |
4 ′
|
|
New construction by Tamburini 1953 to 1962
Side part of the organ with "Positivo" and "Solo"
Until the 1950s, Æolian-Skinner , Willis and GF Steinmeyer & Co. presented several designs for a large organ - like Cavaillé-Coll and Mutin, however, without success.
Under Fernando Germani , the organ builder Tamburini was finally commissioned to build and enlarge the two existing organs. Work on it ran from 1953 to 1962.
The two (new) organs should be mobile again, but in fact they never left their place in the choir. Both organs could now be played electrically from a single four-manual console (in the choir stalls). The manuals II (main work), III (recitativo) and pedals I were essentially replaced by the old Walcker organ on the Gospel page (left), and manuals I (positive), IV (solo) and pedals II the Vegezzi Bossi Organ distributed on the epistle page (right). The organ received numerous octave couplers and high-pressure reeds in order to at least barely compensate for the acoustically extremely unfavorable location behind the massive pillars. For reasons of space, however, only acoustic 32 'registers could be built.
The organ has a total of 80 stops. In 2002 Mascioni repaired the organ and delivered a new three-manual radio console.
Disposition since 1963
I positivo C – c 4
|
01. |
Principals |
16 ′
|
02. |
Principale forte |
08th'
|
03. |
Principale dolce |
08th'
|
04th |
Ottava |
04 ′
|
05. |
Duodecima |
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
06th |
Decimaquinta |
02 ′
|
07th |
Decimasettima |
1 3 ⁄ 5 ′
|
08th. |
Ripieno V |
02 ′
|
09. |
Ripieno VI |
1 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
10. |
Tromba |
08th'
|
|
II Grand'Organo C – c 4
|
11. |
Sub diapason |
16 ′
|
12. |
Principale stentor |
08th'
|
13. |
diapason |
08th'
|
14th |
Principals |
08th'
|
15th |
Flauto aperto |
08th'
|
16. |
Corno di Camoscio |
08th'
|
17th |
Ottava Diapason |
04 ′
|
18th |
Prestante |
04 ′
|
19th |
Duodecima |
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
20th |
Decimaquinta |
02 ′
|
21st |
Gran Ripieno VII |
02 ′
|
22nd |
Ripieno Acuto V |
01'
|
23. |
Cimbalo III |
1 ⁄ 2 ′
|
24. |
Tromba bassa |
16 ′
|
25th |
Orrizontal tromba |
08th'
|
26th |
Tromba forte |
08th'
|
27. |
Tromba a squillo |
08th'
|
28. |
Tromba a squillo |
04 ′
|
|
III Recitativo (swellable) C – c 4
|
29 |
Tibia profunda |
16 ′
|
30th |
Principale di legno |
08th'
|
31. |
Tibia |
08th'
|
32. |
Bordone |
08th'
|
33. |
Viola forte |
08th'
|
34. |
Voce celeste |
08th'
|
35. |
Flauto in selva |
04 ′
|
36. |
Fugara |
04 ′
|
37. |
Nazardo |
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
38. |
Flauto silvestre |
02 ′
|
39. |
Ripieno V |
02 ′
|
40. |
tuba |
08th'
|
41. |
Tromba armonica |
08th'
|
42. |
Tuba Clarone |
04 ′
|
|
tremolo |
|
|
IV Solo C – c 4
|
43. |
diapason |
08th'
|
44. |
Bordone |
08th'
|
45. |
viola |
08th'
|
46. |
Voce celeste |
08th'
|
47. |
Ottava Diapason |
04 ′
|
48. |
Flauto orchestral |
04 ′
|
49. |
Ottavino |
02 ′
|
50. |
Tromba bassa |
16 ′
|
51. |
Orrizontal tromba |
08th'
|
52. |
Tromba forte |
08th'
|
53. |
Tromba a squillo |
08th'
|
54. |
Tromba armonica |
08th'
|
55. |
Tromba a squillo |
04 ′
|
56. |
Trombina |
04 ′
|
|
tremolo |
|
|
Pedals C–
|
57. |
Basso acustico |
32 ′
|
58. |
Acustico |
32 ′
|
59. |
diapason |
16 ′
|
60. |
Principals |
16 ′
|
61. |
Tibia profunda |
16 ′
|
62. |
Subbasso I |
16 ′
|
63. |
Subbasso II |
16 ′
|
64. |
Contrabbasso |
16 ′
|
65. |
Violone Contrabbasso |
16 ′
|
67. |
Gran Quinta |
10 2 ⁄ 3 ′
|
68. |
Ottava |
08th'
|
69. |
Basso |
08th'
|
70. |
Flauto basso |
08th'
|
|
(Continuation)
|
71. |
Bordone |
08th'
|
72. |
Violone |
08th'
|
73. |
Ottava 1 |
04 ′
|
74. |
Ottava 2 |
04 ′
|
75. |
Tromba bassa |
16 ′
|
76. |
Trombones |
16 ′
|
77. |
Bombarda |
16 ′
|
78. |
Tromba forte |
08th'
|
79. |
Trombones |
08th'
|
80. |
Tromba |
08th'
|
81. |
Clarone |
04 ′
|
|
Remarks
-
↑ a b c d e f g h i Pedals II.
Technical specifications
- 77 + 2 registers, 80 rows of pipes, pipes.
-
Game table (s) :
- 2 free-standing gaming tables, one of them via radio.
- 3 or 4 manuals.
-
Action :
- Tone action: Electric.
- Stop action: electric.
Organs in the choir chapel
In the choir chapel, on the left side of the main nave, there are two small organs. They stand opposite one another on two large singing galleries and look identical on the outside.
Morettini organ (1887)
history
The organ on the left gallery was built in 1887 by the organ builder Nicola Morettini based on a design by Filippo Capocci. The instrument has 18 stops on two manuals and a pedal. The actions are mechanical.
Disposition since 1887
I Grand'Organo C-g 3
|
01. |
Principale mostra |
16 ′
|
02. |
Principals |
08th'
|
03. |
viola |
08th'
|
04th |
Bordone |
08th'
|
05. |
Salicionale |
08th'
|
06th |
Ottava |
04 ′
|
07th |
Pieno V
|
08th. |
Tromba |
08th'
|
|
II Espressivo C – g 3
|
09. |
Principals |
08th'
|
10. |
Flauto |
08th'
|
11. |
Voce Umana |
08th'
|
12. |
Ottavino |
04 ′
|
13. |
Ottava |
04 ′
|
14th |
Pieno III
|
15th |
Clarino |
08th'
|
16. |
Trombina |
04 ′
|
|
Pedals C – d 1
|
17th |
Subbasso |
16 ′
|
18th |
Basso |
08th'
|
|
Tamburini organ (1974)
history
Vatican, St. Peter's Basilica, tamburini organ in the choir chapel. The prospectus corresponds to the baroque organ from 1626
The organ on the right side gallery was built in 1974 by the Tamburini organ building company. The instrument has 25 stops on two manuals and a pedal. The actions are electric. The game table has been on the ground floor in the chapel room since 1999.
Disposition since 1974
I Grand'Organo C – c 4
|
1. |
Principals |
16 ′
|
2. |
Principals |
8th'
|
3. |
Flauto Armonico |
8th'
|
4th |
Dulciana |
8th'
|
5. |
Ottava |
4 ′
|
6th |
Flauto a camino |
4 ′
|
7th |
XV |
2 ′
|
8th. |
Ripieno I
|
9. |
Ripieno II
|
10. |
Tromba |
8th'
|
|
II Espressivo C – c 4
|
11. |
Bordone |
16 ′
|
12. |
Flauto Traverso |
8th'
|
13. |
Viola d'Amore |
8th'
|
14th |
Corno di Notte |
4 ′
|
15th |
Flauto Silvestre |
2 ′
|
16. |
Pienino III
|
17th |
Tromba Armonica |
8th'
|
18th |
Voce Celeste |
8th'
|
|
tremolo
|
|
Pedals C – g 1
|
19th |
Acustico |
32 ′
|
20th |
Contrabbasso |
16 ′
|
21st |
Subbasso |
16 ′
|
22nd |
Ottava |
8th'
|
23. |
Bordone |
8th'
|
24. |
Flauto Corale |
4 ′
|
25th |
Bombarda |
16 ′
|
|
Small organ
There is also a small two-manual organ with 11 registers by Walcker, which Helmut Schmidt gave to John Paul II in 1981 for the open-air masses on St. Peter's Square. The slider chest instrument has mechanical play and stop action.
I. Manual C-g 3
|
1. |
Principal |
8th'
|
2. |
Reed flute |
8th'
|
3. |
octave |
4 ′
|
4th |
Field flute |
2 ′
|
5. |
Mixture IV |
1 1 ⁄ 3 ′
|
|
II. Manual C-g 3
|
6th |
Wooden dacked |
8th'
|
7th |
Gemshorn |
4 ′
|
8th. |
Principal |
2 ′
|
9. |
Sharp III |
1'
|
|
Pedals C – f 1
|
10. |
Sub bass |
16 ′
|
11. |
trombone |
8th'
|
|
-
Coupling: II / I, I / P, II / P
Digital sacred organ
Due to the difficult acoustic conditions of St. Peter's Basilica, the uniform sounding of all areas of the basilica by the pipe organs is inadequate. The Vatican therefore decided to install a digital sacred organ , the sounds of which are also emitted via the electro-acoustic system in the church . The three-manual instrument, specially modified for the Vatican, a gift from the manufacturer Allen Organ Company, was put into operation at Christmas 2017. It stands on a mobile pedestal and can therefore easily be moved to St. Peter's Square or other places in the Vatican. The installation of an electronic organ has caused consternation among church musicians.
Organists
literature
- François Comment: Les orgues de la Basilique Saint-Pierre de Rome . In: La Tribune de l'Orgue . tape 57 , no. 2 , 2005, ISSN 1013-6835 , p. 24-27 .
-
In memory of France's greatest organ builder. Draft for a monumental organ for St. Peter's Church in Rome by Aristide Cavaillé-Coll . In: Alexander Wilhelm Gottschalg (Ed.): Urania: Music magazine for organ building, organ and harmonium playing . tape 57 , no. 2 , 1900, p. 11-12 .
- Aart de Kort: Orgels in Rome . In: Orgels in Rome. De Orgelvriend . tape 43 , 7/8 and 9, 2001, pp. 34–39 and pp. 24–27 .
-
Robert Moynihan : For the glory of God and the joy of people . In: Vatican magazine . No. December 12 , 2010, p. 22–26 ( leonardy.org [PDF; 1.1 MB ]).
- Jean-Michel Sanchez: Saint-Pierre de Rome, Aristide Cavaillé-Coll et Alphonse Simil. Un projet d'orgue monumental non réalisé (1875). In: L'Orgue . No. 286 , 2009, p. 63-71 .
- Gilberto Sessantini: Il sogno di Aristide . In: Arte Organaria e Organistica . tape 6 , no. 28 , 1999, pp. 26-33 .
-
New organ for St. Peter's Church in Rome . In: New Musical Press . tape 4 , no. 36 , 1895, pp. 8 (see also Volume 5, 1896, No. 5, p. 13.).
-
A new original organ work . In: Urania: music magazine for organ building, organ and harmonium playing . tape 52 , 1895, pp. 70 .
-
New works by E. Fr. Walcker & Comp . In: Urania: music magazine for organ building, organ and harmonium playing . tape 52 , 1895, pp. 76 .
- Wilhelm Widmann: Monumental organ for St. Peter in Rome . In: The church choir . tape 39 , 1909, pp. 93 sq .
Web links
Individual evidence
-
↑ See also Giovanni Battistelli et al. a. (Ed.): Organi e Cantorie nelle Chiese di Roma . Istituto poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato, Rome 1994, p. 50-53 .
-
^ Stendhal : Promenades Dans Rome . Bibliobazaar, 2008, ISBN 978-0-559-40874-8 , pp. 146 .
-
↑ See Cécile and Emmanuel Cavaillé-Coll: Aristide Cavaillé-Coll. Ses origines, sa vie, ses œuvres. Fischbacher, Paris 1982, p. 133-136 (first edition: 1929).
-
↑ Robert Moynihan : For the glory of God and the joy of men . In: Vatican magazine . No. December 12 , 2010, p. 26 ( leonardy.org [PDF; 1.1 MB ]). leonardy.org ( Memento from March 16, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
-
^ Morettini organ , accessed on November 23, 2014.
-
↑ Graziano Fronzuto: Organi di Roma. Guida pratica orientativa agli organi storici e moderni. Leo S. Olschki Editore, Florence 2007, ISBN 978-88-222-5674-4 , p. 75.
-
↑ gewalcker.de ( Memento from November 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 4.0 MB) Various newspaper articles on the handover of the organ in L'Osservatore Romano from April 1981, accessed on April 14, 2012
-
↑ From the pipe to bit and byte: Why there is now a digital organ in Sankt Peter. In: Vatican News. December 30, 2017, accessed January 2, 2018 .
-
^ All organs in The Vatican! In: Allen Organ Company website. December 12, 2017, accessed January 2, 2018 .
-
↑ New St. Peter's Basilica organ is "poor solution" , kathisch.de of January 15, 2018.
-
↑ Erich Arndt. In: lfmagazine.it. Retrieved February 11, 2018 .