Orlando Ribeiro

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Orlando Ribeiro (left) during a volcanic eruption on the island of Fogo in the Cape Verde Islands, 1951

Orlando Ribeiro (born February 16, 1911 in Lisbon ; † November 17, 1997 ibid) was a Portuguese geographer and historian who, in his 86-year life with research that went far beyond the current borders of Portugal, gave the Portuguese a new perspective on their country and created his geography. It is not without reason that he is seen as the innovator of geography in Portugal.

Act

His research trips took him all over Portugal, the former Portuguese colonies and Latin America . The Atlantic islands developed a special attraction: Azores , Madeira , Canary Islands , Cape Verde , São Tomé and Príncipe . Extensive scientific field research and passionate teaching were the fundamentals for his entire oeuvre. His diverse interests in the fields of ethnology , anthropology , climatology and history were incorporated.

The basis of his extensive scientific network was formed by the Institut Centro de Estudos Geográficos , which he founded in 1943, and the internationally known magazine FINISTERRA, which was published from 1966 . Revista Portuguesa de Geografia . He earned many merits, such as honorary doctorates from the universities of Rio de Janeiro, Bordeaux, Coimbra , Madrid and the Sorbonne.

He became acquainted with Germany with Hermann Lautensach , who worked in Greifswald and whom he met at the 15th International Geographical Congress in Amsterdam, and whose methodological theory of regional geography inspired them both during lengthy field studies in Portugal in 1943 to undertake a joint project on the geography of Portugal . New bonds arose on the one hand through the study trips of Mariano Feio and two of his students, Ilídio do Amaral and Maria João Alcoforado, and on the other hand through Bodo Freund.

chronology

  • 1911 - Born on February 16, 1911 in Lisbon.
  • 1916 - After his mother's death, he lived in the provinces with his maternal grandparents.
  • 1919 - Back with his father in the Drogaria Progresso, rua da Escola Politécnica, near the Faculdade de Ciencias in Lisbon.
  • 1921–28 - student at the Passos Manuel high school in Lisbon.
  • 1928–32 - student of the history and geography of the Faculdade de Letras in Lisbon.
  • 1930–41 - pupil and friend of the ethnologist Leite de Vasconcelos , whose works he published posthumously.
  • 1932–33 - Attending the lectures of the Swiss geologist Ernest Fleury at the Instituto Superior Técnico in Lisbon.
  • 1933–36 - teaching at the Colégio Infante de Sagres in Lisbon.
  • 1934–37 - A small scholarship from the Junta da Educação Nacional allowed him to travel all over Portugal.
  • 1935 (August to September) - Cruise the Atlantic.
  • 1936 (March) - Defense of his dissertation Arrábida; (November) - Marriage to Maria Chambers Ramos. You have 5 children.
  • 1937–40 - Lecturer of the Portuguese language at the Sorbonne in Paris.
  • 1938 (July) - Participation in the XVe Congrès international de Géographie in Amsterdam.
  • 1939–40 - In Paris he became an assistant to the French geographer Emmanuel de Martonne .
  • 1940 (June) - return to Portugal - first contact with Spain at the Congresso Luso-Espanhol in Saragossa.
  • 1941–43 - Course instructor at the Faculdade de Letras in Coimbra.
  • 1941 (October) - He met Jean Gottmann in Lisbon , who was passing through to New York.
  • 1943–81 - Professor at the Faculdade de Letras in Lisbon.
  • 1943 - Founding of the Centro de Estudos Geográficos, of which he was director until 1970. (March) - Visit of the geographer Pierre Deffontaines; (May to June and October to December) - field trips with the German geographer Hermann Lautensach; joint project of a Portuguese geography; (November) - He met Pierre Birot, who settled in Portugal to work.
  • 1944 (May) - Visit of Emmanuel de Martonne.
  • 1945 - Publication of his most famous book Portugal, o Mediterrâneo eo Atlântico in Coimbra.
  • 1946 (June to July) - trip to Spanish Morocco and Andalusia; (July to August) - Participation in Jaca at the Curso de Geografía General y del Pirineu. He was appointed Vogal da Junta de Investigação Colonial and chair of the Gabinete de Estudos Olisiponenses , founded by the City of Lisbon.
  • 1947 (January to May) - study visit to Portuguese Guinea; (August) study trip to Madeira; (October) trip to Paris; (December) Participation in the IIe Congrès des Africanistes de l'Ouest in Bissau, Portuguese Guinea.
  • 1948 (September) - Another study trip to Madeira; Teaching courses on the geography of Africa at the Escola Superior Colonial in Lisbon.
  • 1949 (April) - XVIe Congrès international de Géographie in Lisbon; Head of excursions to central Portugal in April and Madeira in May; He is appointed Vice President of the International Geographical Union (IGU); (October) - Oração de Sapiençia of an opinion on the need for university reform and scientific research in Portugal; (December) - Colloquium at the Junta de Investigações do Ultramar: Opinion on the reform of scientific research overseas.
  • 1949–52 - Publication of the conference reports (4 volumes), a summary and a further 6 excursion booklets of the congress in Lisbon.
  • 1950 - Travels through Europe and participation in the Congrès pour l'Avancement des Sciences in Birmingham; Climatology courses at the Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Lisbon.
  • 1951 - Scientific meeting in Cairo on the 50th anniversary of the Société de Géographie; Trips to Greece and Italy followed by a conference in Nice; (May) - Participation in the Interuniversitaire des Pyrénées excursion in France; (June to July) Travel to the Cape Verde Islands to study and film the Fogo volcanic eruption .
  • 1952 (January) - Overflight of West Africa and IIIe Congrès des Africanistes in Fernando Pó , Guinea, then study trip to the islands of São Tomé and Principe; (March to August) - Great America Tour; Brazil, from Santa Catarina to Amapa; Peru, from Lima to Machu-Pichu; USA, from New York to Alabama; (August) - XVIIe Congrès international de Géographie in Washington. He became 1st Vice President of the IGU; First doctoral thesis of his student Mariano Feio.
  • 1952 (December to January 1953) - Second study visit to the Cape Verde Islands.
  • 1953 (March) - Conference at the Sorbonne (Paris) and in Strasbourg; (August) - First study trip to the Azores.
  • 1954 (May) - trip to England; Publication of A Ilha do Fogo e as suas Erupções, the book did not come out until 1957.
  • 1955 - Publication in Barcelona of the book Portugal, Volume V of Geografía de España y Portugal; PhD thesis of his student Raquel Soeiro de Brito on the island of São Miguel in the Azores; (September) - Participation in the IGU symposium in Kampala, Uganda.
  • 1955 (October to February 1956) - Study trip to Cairo, Karachi and mainly to Portuguese India.
  • 1956 (April) - trip to Bordeaux; (August to September) - Participation in the XVIIIe Congrès international de Géographie and the Curso de Altos Estudos Geográficos in Rio de Janeiro; First honorary doctorate from the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.
  • 1957 - introduction of a diploma in geography; (July) - Receipt of the Lopes do Rego Prize for the book A Ilha do Fogo; (August) Awarded the French Order of Merit Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur (Ch. LH)  ; (October) - Study trip to the Azores because of the eruption of the Capelinhos volcano on Faial.
  • 1958 (January) - Another trip to the Azores.
  • 1959 (January) - Course at the Collège de France in Paris on the Géographie de l'Expansion Portugaise; (March to June) - Attempt as director to reform the Faculdade de Letras of the University of Lisbon.
  • 1960 (July to August) - Participation in the XIXe Congrès international de Géographie in Stockholm. Excursion to central Sweden; (August to September) - Study trip to Mozambique and Angola , with an opinion on racial problems.
  • 1961 (September) - Second study trip to Mozambique and Angola with Fernandes Martins and Suzanne Daveau; Doctoral thesis of his student Francisco Tenreiro on the island of São Tomé; Start of participation in the Conseils scientifiques consultatifs de la Fondation Gulbenkian and its financial support for the Centro de Estudos Geográficos.
  • 1962 (January to March) - visiting professor at Laval University in Québec, Canada, then travel to Brittany, France; (May) - Intervention in university processes; (September to October) - Study trip to Angola with Pierre Gourou; (November) - Honorary Doctorate from the University of Bordeaux.
  • 1963 (August to September) - Another study trip to Mozambique with Pierre Gourou.
  • 1964 (April) - Conference at the Collège de France in Paris; (July) - trip to the Alps; Doctoral thesis of his student Ilídio do Amaral on the island of Santiago, Cape Verde Islands.
  • 1965 (August) - trip to Brazil: Rio de Janeiro, Bahia, Ceará; (September) - Marriage to Suzanne Daveau.
  • 1966 (August) - trip to Mexico; Publication of the first half-yearly edition of Finisterra magazine. Revista Portuguesa de Geografia.
  • 1967 - Organization of the Primeiro Seminário Internacional de Geografia in Lisbon; (October to June 1968) - visiting professor at the Institut de Géographie, Sorbonne in Paris; (December to January 1968) - Participation in the Congrès Panafricain de Préhistoire in Dakar, Senegal; Study trip to Senegal and Mauritania .
  • 1968 - First publication of Mediterrâneo. Ambiente e Tradição.
  • 1970–74 - Preparation of a reform of higher education in the field of humanities with the Minister José Veiga Simão .
  • 1970 (March) - trip to Spain and Morocco.
  • 1971 - Awarded the Almágia Prize for the book Mediterrâneo; (June) - He becomes a member of the Accademia dei Lincei in Rome.
  • 1973 - La Zone Intertropicale Humide (Armand Colin, Paris) published in collaboration with Suzanne Daveau; (December) - trip to the Canary Islands.
  • 1974 (April 25) - Beginning of the Carnation Revolution in Portugal.
  • 1976 - Publication of Destinos do Ultramar, an anthology of articles on Portuguese-speaking countries.
  • 1979 - Colloquium I Colóquio Ibérico de Geografia in Salamanca, Spain.
  • 1980 - Colloquium II Colóquio Ibérico de Geografia in Lisbon.
  • 1981 (February) - retirement anniversary celebration; Publication of A Colonização de Angola eo seu Fracasso. - Awarded the Order of Instrução Pública .
  • 1983 - Joined the Academy of Sciences in Lisbon. Legacy with which he bequeathed his scientific archives to the Centro de Estudos Geográficos in Lisbon.
  • 1984 - Bibliographical first publication of his scientific works by A. e I. do Amaral; (June) - Honorary Doctorate from Coimbra University.
  • 1984–88 - Publication of a Livro de Homenagem a Orlando Ribeiro (2 volumes with 99 articles).
  • 1985 (June) - Honorary Doctorate from the University of Madrid; (June to July) Trip to the Cape Verde Islands at the invitation of the President of the Republic of Cape Verde.
  • 1986 (March) - He suffered a cerebral infarction which ended his creative powers.
  • 1987 (June) - Awarded the Order of St. Jacob of the Sword with the rank of Grand Officer.
  • 1987–91 - 4-volume publication of Geografia de Portugal, a thematic summary of the translated work by Lautensach (1932), the original version by Orlando Ribeiro (1955) and the update by Suzanne Daveau.
  • 1989 (February) - Honorary Doctorate from the Sorbonne University, Paris.
  • 1993 - Publication of an illustrated book for the book Portugal, o Mediterrâneo eo Atlântico, the photos are by Jorge Barros.
  • 1994 - Finisterra: Catalog of an exhibition of Orlando Ribeiro's photographs in Coimbra.
  • 1995 - Special edition of the Jornal de Letras (15/2/95), dedicated to him.
  • 1997 - Died on November 17th in Lisbon.
  • 1998 - The town of Pinhal Novo names a street after him in memory of a study from 1949.
  • 1999 - Posthumous publication of the report on Goa, India; (March) - Lisbon names a street after him.
  • 2003 - Publication of the Memórias de um Geográfo, introduced by João Carlos Garcia; (December) - Inauguration of the Biblioteca Municipal Orlando Ribeiro, in Lisbon's renovated Telheiras district.
  • 2004 - The website www.orlando-ribeiro.info goes online.
  • 2008 - Finisterra magazine publishes an issue (XLIII, 85) on Orlando Ribeiro.
  • 2010 (February) - Signing of an agreement between the Centro de Estudos Geográficos, Lisbon, with the Biblioteca Nacional de Lisboa (Service de l'Arquivo de Cultura Portuguesa Contemporânea), which takes over part of the legacy of Orlando Ribeiro.
  • 2011 (February) - Portuguese TV's RTP 2 is showing the film Orlando Ribeiro, Itinerâncias de um Geógrafo, by António João Saraiva and Manuel Carvalho Gomes; 2.0 of the page www.orlando-ribeiro.info goes online; (May) - RTP 1 on Portuguese TV shows the film Além de Nós. Mudanças na Paisagem by Anabela Saint-Maurice; (October) - Inauguration of the Orlando Ribeiro exhibition. Ponto de Partida. Lugar de Encontro in the Biblioteca Nacional de Lisboa and award of the Prémio Nacional de Geografia Orlando Ribeiro from the Associação Portuguesa de Geógrafos.

Fonts

  • 1937 - A Arrábida. Esboço Geográfico, Revista da Faculdade de Letras, Lisboa, IV 1-2, p. 51-131 (2004, 3rd edition, Fondation Oriente, Lisboa, Câmara Municipal de Sesimbra).
  • 1945 - Portugal, o Mediterrâneo eo Atlântico, Coimbra Editora, Coimbra (1993, as an illustrated book with photos by Jorge Barros, Edições João Sá da Costa; 2011, 9th edition, Letra Livre, Lisboa; 2012, Italian translation by Federico Bertolazzi, ed .: Portogallo, il Mediterraneo e l'Atlantico, Universitalia Roma).
  • 1949 - Le Portugal Central, Congrès international de Géographie, Lisbonne (1982, 2nd edition, Centro de Estudos Geográficos, Lisboa).
  • 1949 - L'île de Madère, Congrès international de Géographie, Lisbonne (1985, Portuguese translation, A Ilha da Madeira até Meados do Século XX, Instituto de Cultura e Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa).
  • 1954 - A Ilha do Fogo e as suas Erupções, Junta de Investigações do Ultramar, Lisboa (2015, 4th edition, Associação das Universidades Língua Portuguesa, Lisboa).
  • 1955 - Portugal, Volume V of Geografía de España y Portugal, Montaner y Simón, Barcelone.
  • 1961 - Geografia e Civilização. Temas portugueses, Centro de Estudos Geográficos, Lisboa (1992, 3rd edition, Livros Horizonte, Lisboa).
  • 1962 - Aspectos e Problemas da Expansão Portuguesa, Junta de Investigações do Ultramar, Lisboa.
  • 1964 - Problemas da Universidade, Livraria Sá da Costa, Lisboa.
  • 1968 - Mediterrâneo. Ambiente e Tradição, Fundação C. Gulbenkian, Lisboa (2011, 3rd edition, idem)
  • 1970 - Ensaios de Geografia Humana e Regional, Livraria Sá da Costa, Lisboa.
  • 1970 - Variações sobre Temas de Ciência, Livraria Sá da Costa, Lisboa.
  • 1973 - La Zone Intertropicale Humide, Armand Colin, Paris (in collaboration with Suzanne Daveau).
  • 1975 - Destinos do Ultramar, Livros Horizons, Lisboa.
  • 1976 - A Universidade em Crise, Edições Cosmos, Lisboa.
  • 1977 - Introduções Geográficas à História de Portugal. Estudo Crítico, Imprensa Nacional - Casa da Moeda, Lisboa.
  • 1981 - A Colonização de Angola eo seu Fracasso, Imprensa Nacional. Casa da Moeda, Lisboa (2014, 2nd edition, idem).
  • 1985-86 - Les Bassins de Lousã et d'Arganil. I. Le bassin sédimentaire, II. L'évolution du relief, Centro de Estudos Geográficos, Lisbonne (in collaboration with P. Birot and S. Daveau).
  • 1986 - Iniciação em Geografia Humana, Edições João Sá da Costa, Lisboa.
  • 1987 - Introdução ao Estudo da Geografia Regional, Edições João Sá da Costa, Lisboa (2001, 2nd edition, idem).
  • 1987–91 - Geografia de Portugal, I. A Posição Geográfica eo Território, II. O Ritmo Climático ea Paisagem, III. O Povo Português, IV. A Vida Económica e Social, Edições João Sá da Costa, Lisboa (in collaboration with H. Lautensach and S. Daveau, various partial reprints until 2004).
  • 1989–95 - Opúsculos Geográficos, I. Síntese e Método, II. Pensamento Geográfico, III, Aspectos da Natureza, IV, O Mundo Rural, V, Temas Urbanos, VI. Estudos Regionais, Fundação C. Gulbenkian, Lisboa (2015, 2nd edition, 3 volumes, idem).
  • 1994 - Finisterra, Encontros de Fotografia, Coimbra.
  • 1999 - Goa em 1956. Relatório ao Governo, Comissão Nacional para as Comemorações das Descobertas Portuguesas, Lisboa.
Autobiography
  • 2003 Memórias de um Geógrafo. Edições João Sá da Costa, Lisboa 2003, ISBN 972-9230-66-8 .

Diary editions

  • 2010 - Cadernos de Campo Orlando Ribeiro. Guiné 1947, Centro de Estudos Africanos, Humus, Porto, introduction by Suzanne Daveau and Philip Havik.
  • 2013 - Cadernos de Campo Orlando Ribeiro. Moçambique 1960 - 1963, Centro de Estudos Africanos, Humus, Porto, introduced by João Sarmento and Eduardo Brito Henriques.

items

  • 2010 - José Leite de Vasconcelos na História e na Lenda, O Arqueólogo Português, IV, 26, pp. 55-68
  • 2012 - O Ensino da Geografia, Porto Editora, Porto, presentation by Suzanne Daveau and introduction by José Ramiro Pimenta and João Carlos Garcia.
  • 2013 - Universidade, Ciência, Cidadania, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisboa, organization and presentation by Suzanne Daveau.

Filmography

Exhibitions

  • 2011/12 Orlando Ribeiro: Ponto de partida, lugar dehabenro. Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, Lisboa. With catalog.

literature

  • "Orlando Ribeiro (1911-1997) Ponto de Partida. Lugar de Encontro", Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, Lisboa, 2011, ISBN 978-972-565-473-6 ( Catálogos Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal. )
  • "La geographie ça peut survivre à la guerre. Correspondance between Orlando Ribeiro et Jean Gottman", Finisterra, 83, 2005, pp. 5 - 21 by Suzanne Daveau
  • "Orlando Ribeiro (1911-1997)", Geographers Bibliographical Studies, 31, Bloomsbury, London, 2013, pp. 30 - 55 by Suzanne Daveau

Web links

Remarks

  1. ^ Centro de Estudos Geográficos , with a list of the publications he has published there
  2. ↑ FINISTERRA. Revista Portuguesa de Geografia . Centro de Estudos Geográficos, Lisboa, 1.1966ff ISSN  0430-5027 ZDB -ID 212852-4 , also electronic edition from 1984
  3. ↑ 1987-91 - Geografia de Portugal, I. A Posição Geográfica eo Território, II. O Ritmo Climático ea Paisagem, III. O Povo Português, IV. A Vida Económica e Social, Edições João Sá da Costa, Lisboa (in collaboration with H. Lautensach and S. Daveau, various partial reprints until 2004)
personal data
SURNAME Ribeiro, Orlando
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Cunha Ribeiro, Orlando there
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Portuguese geographer and historian
DATE OF BIRTH February 16, 1911
PLACE OF BIRTH Lisbon
DATE OF DEATH November 17, 1997
Place of death Lisbon